海洋饵料动物脂肪酸的气相色谱分析

本文以正十九碳酸(C19∶0)为内标,用HCl～CH3OH溶液对海洋饵料动物(纺缍水蚤、折皱臂尾轮虫和丰年虫)进行抽提酯化后做毛细管气相色谱分析.该法简便,易操作,重现性好,变异系数为0.2%～6.8%.     

非均匀沙隐暴作用的研究现状及其起动矢量式

系统回顾近几十年来国内外有关非均匀沙隐暴作用的研究状况,阐述诸多研究成果的局限性及其存在的不足.在此基础上,作者采用最新的矢量力学分析方法,探讨任意面上处于隐蔽和暴露状态的泥沙颗粒的受力关系,建立了更具一般性的非均匀沙起动流速矢量公式.文中又对不同方位床面上的泥沙起动公式进行有益的讨论,并对暴露状态下的一维公式进行了验证.     

土地利用和气候变化对区域净初级生产力影响

1IntroductionThe global change caused by the continuous increasing concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases has threatened the existence of human beings, and the importance of carbon dioxide emissions as a major environmental issue of international concern has grown substantially in the world (IPCC, 2000). At the same time, the Kyoto Protocol, the first and only realistic plan for achieving a worldwide reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, has been passed. Since there are many uncertai…     

荧光法在赤潮图像分析中应用

为解决探测和分析包含复杂背景沉淀物样品中的微藻的问题,利用微藻类在一定波长光的照射下会产生荧光的特性,对裸甲藻等多种藻类进行荧光实验处理。并在荧光实验的基础上进行阈值分割,轮廓和纹理分析及图像识别等后继图像处理,实验证明,荧光法可以有效的去除背景噪声,使得后继的图像处理容易和有效,从而解决了探测和分析包含复杂背景的沉淀物样品中微藻的问题。     

20世纪开封水域景观变化

1IntroductionLandscape pattern is a spatial arrangement and combination form of various landscape elements, which are different in size and shape. It includes the type, number, space distribution and arrangement of landscape element (Wang, 1995; Wu, 2000)…     

安装期单层保温管层间剪切力分析

在浅水海域,采用单层保温管结构代替双重钢管保温结构具有很好的发展应用前景,但在单层管的铺设过程中管线各层之间和保温层内将产生较大的剪应力,如何防止各层间的错动和保温层材料的剪切破坏是设计所必须解决的两个主要问题。以渤海某油田海底管线建设项目为例,根据单层保温管的结构特点,力的层间传递特性和变形协调条件,建立了单层保温管各层层间剪切力和保温层中剪应力的计算方法,为海底单层保温管的设计提供了依据。     

Evaluation of CMIP5 Climate Models in Simulating 1979–2005 Oceanic Latent Heat Flux over the Pacific

The climatological mean state,seasonal variation and long-term upward trend of 1979–2005 latent heat flux(LHF) in historical runs of 14 coupled general circulation models from CMIP5(Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5) are evaluated against OAFlux(Objectively Analyzed air–sea Fluxes) data. Inter-model diversity of these models in simulating the annual mean climatological LHF is discussed. Results show that the models can capture the climatological LHF fairly well,but the amplitudes are generally overestimated. Model-simulated seasonal variations of LHF match well with observations with overestimated amplitudes. The possible origins of these biases are wind speed biases in the CMIP5 models. Inter-model diversity analysis shows that the overall stronger or weaker LHF over the tropical and subtropical Pacific region,and the meridional variability of LHF,are the two most notable diversities of the CMIP5 models. Regression analysis indicates that the inter-model diversity may come from the diversity of simulated SST and near-surface atmospheric specific humidity.Comparing the observed long-term upward trend,the trends of LHF and wind speed are largely underestimated,while trends of SST and air specific humidity are grossly overestimated,which may be the origins of the model biases in reproducing the trend of LHF.