COMBINATION OF ECMWF REANALYZED DAILY RAINFALL AND PENTAD CMAP IN CHINA

In this study, 16 combinations of the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast) reanalyzed daily rainfall and the pentad CMAP in China for the period 1980- 1993( 1May - 31 Dec. ) were calculated. Correlation analysis was used to roughly evaluate daily rainfall for the whole of China and a combination of RPC (rotated principal component) and wavelet analyses was applied to data on observed and combined daily rainfall to obtain a detailed evaluation of the quality of these combined datasets in 6 selected major rainfall regions of eastern China. The results showed that except for intraweekly fluctuation, the best combination was roughly similar to or accorded well with observation in the aspects of space variation patterns and long period rainfall fluctuations related to monsoon onset and serious meteorologic disasters, indicating that this combination yielded better values of long term daily mean and standard deviation through the pentad CMAP ( CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation), and can also represent rainfall fluctuations through the reanalyzed daily rainfall.     

DEM在湖泊水文变化研究中的应用进展

在全球变化背景下,湖泊水文的动态变化不仅是评估和预测气候与环境变化的重要指示剂,同时对社会可持续发展、水资源的开发与利用、生态文明建设等产生重要影响。湖泊水文的动态变化受到湖滨及湖底地形的控制,数字高程模型（DEM）成为湖泊水文研究的重要数据源。随着遥测技术的发展,高分辨率、区域/全球大尺度DEM数据的获取手段快速发展、数据源不断丰富,DEM对推动湖泊水文动态研究进展起到了关键作用。本文首先基于Web of Science平台对DEM在湖泊水文动态研究中的相关文献进行了分析,阐述了该主题现有研究在发文时间、发文数量增减态势、研究区域与热点地区、文献所涉及的DEM数据等方面的特点。接着,围绕着DEM在湖泊水文动态的研究中4个主要方向：湖泊水域变化、湖泊水位变化、湖泊水量变化、湖泊水文灾害情势,重点总结：DEM与其他遥感观测平台、实地观测及模型模拟等多源数据的融合策略,数字地形分析与水文学分析、遥感影像分析等方法的集成策略,以及DEM数据不确定性等对湖泊水文变化研究的影响。最后,本文论述了目前DEM在湖泊水文研究中存在的关键问题,并结合技术发展趋势和研究热点问题,提出了可能的解决路径和未来的研究前景。     

ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND ITS IMPACTS ON HUMAN SETTLF, MENT IN THE CHANGJIANG RIVER DELTA IN NEOLITHIC AGE

Dating data, altitude of Neolithic sites, climatic changes from sedimentary records and previous research results were collected and analyzed to detect possible connections between climatic changes and human activities in the Changjiang River Delta in the Neolithic Age. The results indicated that hydrological changes greatly impacted the human activities in the study region. Low-lying geomorphology made the floods and sea level changes become the important factors affecting human activities, especially the altitude change of human settlements. People usually moved to higher places during the periods characterized by high sea level and frequent floods to escape the negative influences from water body expansion, which resulted in cultural hiatus in certain profiles. However, some higher-altitude settlements were not the results of climatic changes but the results of social factors, such as religious ceremony and social status. Therefore, further research will be necessary for the degree and types of impacts of climatic changes on human activities in the study area at that time.     

电感应力灵敏度在实测中的研究

应力场的观测是预报地震较直接的途径之一,本实验利用异孔深井抽水的加(减)载作应力观测的人工力源,在大量实测数据基础上进行力学分析,得出电感应力观测在满足规范要求时能测到地应力场的变化,但室内标定的应力灵敏度不等于实测灵敏度。用室内灵敏度计算应力值必有明显误差。本结果对电惑应力观测科学具有重要的实际意义。     

快速城市化过程中的深圳东部海岸地貌环境与可持续发展

The geomorphological environment is one of the most fundamental variables af-fecting the development of human society.The mission of geomorphological environment research is to explore the most basic environment and features of our Earth’s surface mor-phology.The results can be applied to resource evaluation,environmental protection and reducing and preventing geological disasters.Thus,it can serve to help achieve sustainable development.This paper examines the Shenzhen east coastal zone as a case strongly in-fluenced by urban expansion.We use modern geomorphological theory and methods,along with GIS and RS techniques,to reveal key characteristics of the geomorphological environ-ment and landform classification.Furthermore,coastal ecosystem evaluation and regional resources sustainable utilization should be considered relative to the corresponding geo-morphological environment.Based on this study,we conclude that modern geomorphological theory and methods,supported by "3S" techniques including GIS,RS and GPS,can play an important role in resolving the environment,resources and population problems as well as sustainable development challenges facing humankind at present.     

历史时期昆明市城区拓展及结构演变研究

作为云南省政治、经济、文化中心,昆明市是云南地区的重要都市。考察历史时期昆明市区的时空演化过程及伴随这一过程的城市内部结构变化,对昆明市历史时期城市发展作地域上的客观复原,无疑是可为城市可持续发展提供参考及借鉴。     

Rb2Ca[B4O5(OH)4]2·8H2O溶解及相转化过程的研究

利用IR光谱和Raman光谱等实验手段,对25℃时Rb2Ca[B4O5(OH)4]2·8H2O的溶解及相转化过程进行了初步探索,结果表明,Rb2Ca[B4O5(OH)4]2·8H2O溶于水后,硼在溶液中主要以B(OH)3和[B(OH)4]-的形式存在,残留固相由开始的无定形水合三硼酸钙,最终部分转变为Ca2[B3O3(OH)5]2·8H2O晶体。     

厚壳贻贝（Mytilus coruscus）McNF-κB基因的克隆及其在发育中的作用

核因子κB（Nuclear Factor kappa-B,NF-κB）具有免疫、炎症、凋亡、细胞增殖和发育的调节作用,目前NF-κB在脊椎动物和果蝇中的研究较为丰富,在贝类中的报道较少。为进一步探究NF-κB在厚壳贻贝（Mytilus coruscus）免疫和发育中的作用,本研究克隆了厚壳贻贝McNF-κB基因的序列全长,其全长为4 087 bp,开放阅读框为2 613 bp,编码871个氨基酸,具有典型的锚蛋白重复序列（ankyrinrepeat, ANK）结构域和死亡结构域。氨基酸序列分析结果发现,该基因与欧洲贻贝（Mytilus edulis）和地中海贻贝（Mytilus galloprovincialis）分别具有72.76%和66.58%同源性,且在系统进化树中与欧洲贻贝和地中海贻贝聚为一支。经实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）技术检验表明,McNF-κB基因于厚壳贻贝各组织均有分布,在鳃中表达最高;McNF-κB基因在厚壳贻贝眼点幼虫阶段和稚贝阶段均有表达,且在稚贝阶段表达量显著高于眼点幼虫阶段。利用RNA干扰技术沉默眼点幼虫McNF-κB基因后幼虫变态率显著下降,推测McNF-κB基因调控厚壳贻贝幼虫变态过程。本研究为探究McNF-κB基因如何调控厚壳贻贝发育奠定了基础。     

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