Antarctic Glacial Retreats and the Records of Sea Level Change in Deposits at the North Bank of the Shenzhen Bay,South China

In view of the huge ice cover of 24.5 X 10⁶ km³ in Antarctica, which accounts for over 90% by volume of the ice body on earth, the movement of Antarctic glaciers is a major control on global sea-level change and climatic fluctuation. As recorded in the Quaternary deposits in King George Island, West Antarctica, three rapid ablations can be recognized at 11000, 9000 and 6100 years ago and the global climate within the past 6000 years is characterized by small-amplitude warm-cold fluctuation. Intertidal deposits at the north bank of the Shenzhen Bay suggest a periodic variation in sea level in about every 670 years over the last 6000 years with low sea levels recorded in the periods of 5500-4900, 3900-3600, 2400-2200 and 1300-1200 years ago. Between these periods the sea level rised for about 80 cm on average. The modern warming climate in the last century corresponds with a rise of sea level at the rate of 2~3 mm/a. A state key project under the Antarctic Science & Technology Program (No. 905-02-04-03) and is partially financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province.     

似圆状双重介质模型的上游迎风有限元法及其应用

针对似圆状双重介质模型给出了上游迎风有限元法，克服了一般有限单元法所导致的数值不稳定性，并以济南岩溶区为例证明了这一方法的可行性和有效性。     

沉积盆地异常超压与岩石破裂耦合动力学模型综述

在回顾沉积盆地异常超压成因机制模型基础之上，讨论了构筑其模型的基本要素：封盖（层）的渗透率和化学增压的耦合，并通过动力学分析给出了异常超压与岩石破裂的耦合过程引起压力封礅箱内破裂一泄压－愈合－增压作用的动力学状态判据。     

Clay minerals in Lake Frome sediments of Australia and their paleoclimatic implications

Clay minerals in 32 samples collected from the upper 6 meters of drill core LF 82/1-3 in Lake Frome, Australia have been examined using X-ray powder diffraction techniques. The results show that the clay mineral species are predominated by illite, kaolinite and a small amount of montmorillonite. Minor chlorite and vermiculite can also be identified in some of the samples. In terms of clay mineral species, crystallinity and other characteristics, the upper 6-m core can be divided into 3 sections, the boundaries of which are marked at depths of about 125–150 cm and 415–455 cm with ages of 14 and 19 thousand years B.P., respectively. The middle section at a burial depth of 150–415 cm may have been deposited under moist conditions while the other two under relatively dry conditions. Additionally, some slight climatic fluctuations seem possible in different stages.     

澳大利亚弗罗姆湖沉积物的粘土矿物及其古气候意义

采用X射线粉末衍射法对澳大利亚弗罗姆湖LF82/1-3岩心上部6m共32个样品的粘土矿物做了研究。结果表明,粘土矿物主要是伊利石、高岭石和少量蒙脱石。有的样品可以检出绿泥石和蛭石。根据粘土矿物种类、结晶度以及矿物的其他特征,这段岩心可以划分为三部分,其界线位于埋深大约125-150和415-445cm,年龄分别为距今1.4×10~4和1.9×10~4a。岩心中段(埋深150-145cm)可能是在较湿润条件下堆积的,而上、下两段的堆积环境则较干燥。研究结果还反映出不同阶段存在一些小的气候波动。     

Large-scale seismic thermal anomaly linked to hot fluid expulsion from a deep aquifer

A 200 km-wide thermal anomaly was recorded by thermal infrared satellite data in a heavily faulted region of the South China Sea, at the time of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan. Subsurface data, including vitrinite reflectance data, indicate anomalously hot fluid flow in porous aquifers in the geological record for the same region. These observations link a seismic thermal anomaly to the long-term expulsion of hot fluid from a deep, overpressured aquifer.     

Natural gas sources, migration and accumulation in the shallow water area of the Panyu lower uplift: An insight into the deep water prospects of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea

Although no drilling has been carried out in the deep water area of the Baiyun sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea, the successful exploration for natural gas in the shallow water area of the Panyu lower uplift allows an insight into the prospectivity of the adjacent deep water fan system of the Baiyun sag. The Paleogene gas kitchen in the Baiyun sag provided both oil-derived gas and coal-derived gas. Fluid inclusion measurements and 2D numeric modelling of formation pressure indicate four episodes of hydrocarbon charge since the third release of the overpressure system. Seismic wipeout zones manifest several types of gas chimney which could play a role in vertical migration conduits to feed the natural gases into the deep water fan system. There would be, therefore, a low risk for hydrocarbon exploration in the deep water fan system.     

东海盆地西湖凹陷中西部低渗近致密—致密砂岩气成因、来源及运聚成藏

以东海盆地西湖凹陷中西部西斜坡平湖组中下段及宝石组和西次凹花港组下段两个靶区为例,基于钻测资料结合激光共聚焦扫描显微镜和扫描电镜等技术对目前低渗近致密—致密砂岩气层的宏观分布和储层微观特征进行了描述。利用气样稳定碳同位素组成、组分及轻烃分析成果,使用盆地模拟和流体包裹体技术,结合构造-沉积地质背景,对西斜坡和西次凹低渗近致密—致密砂岩气成因、气源和运聚成藏机制进行了综合研究。研究结果表明:两个区带已钻遇的近致密—致密砂岩气主要为煤型气。西次凹致密气主要来源于本地平湖组煤系源岩,因暗色泥岩有少量的腐泥母质,可能有少量油型气存在;此外部分天然气还有本地花港组下段煤系源岩微量影响;西次凹生成的成熟后期—高成熟天然气于3.9~0Ma借助断裂大规模垂向运聚成藏,具有近源、晚期、一次成藏机制;西斜坡近致密气充注时期为2.8~0Ma,近致密气可分为两类,一类来自本地平湖组煤系烃源岩的成熟中期天然气,于晚期充注成藏,另一类来源于异地西次凹平湖组煤系烃源岩的成熟后期—高成熟气,也于相近时期,通过断裂与三角洲前缘砂坝构成的阶梯状运移通道大规模充注西斜坡储层,具有"远近双源"、晚期、一次成藏机制。     

北方岩溶区地表水库—地下岩溶水库联合决策模型研究

建立了我国北方岩治区地表水库—地下岩溶水库联合决策模型。给出了一个实例,并采用有限单元法进行模拟、预报,对各种不同的建库方案进行了优选。结果表明,在我国北方岩治区,进行地表水库—地下岩溶水库联合决策,将可有效地截取地表洪水,增加地下水开采量,调节地表水与地下水资源,从而为解决我国北方岩治区水资源紧缺问题提供了一条有效途径。      

北方半干旱区不同岩溶系统的碳循环研究

中国北方半干旱区存在丛山窄谷、冈山宽谷和孤山溶盆三种岩溶地貌。不同岩溶地貌区的碳酸盐岩溶蚀强度和碳循环强度不同。碳酸盐岩溶蚀量和ＣＯ２吸收量可以用化学热力学过程和化学动力学过程描述。