高层建筑中轴线点恢复测量

高层建筑物中点恢复的测量方法是在负一层测定该建筑物的中点,再引到四层楼顶,最后重新确定施工放样数据,保证该建筑物的设计要求和施工监测。     

Crustal structure of the continental margin of Korea in the East Sea (Japan Sea) from deep seismic sounding data: evidence for rifting affected by the hotter than normal mantle

Despite the various opening models of the southwestern part of the East Sea (Japan Sea) between the Korean Peninsula and the Japan Arc, the continental margin of the Korean Peninsula remains unknown in crustal structure. As a result, continental rifting and subsequent seafloor spreading processes to explain the opening of the East Sea have not been adequately addressed. We investigated crustal and sedimentary velocity structures across the Korean margin into the adjacent Ulleung Basin from multichannel seismic (MCS) reflection and ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) data. The Ulleung Basin shows crustal velocity structure typical of oceanic although its crustal thickness of about 10 km is greater than normal. The continental margin documents rapid transition from continental to oceanic crust, exhibiting a remarkable decrease in crustal thickness accompanied by shallowing of Moho over a distance of about 50 km. The crustal model of the margin is characterized by a high-velocity (up to 7.4 km/s) lower crustal (HVLC) layer that is thicker than 10 km under the slope base and pinches out seawards. The HVLC layer is interpreted as magmatic underplating emplaced during continental rifting in response to high upper mantle temperature. The acoustic basement of the slope base shows an igneous stratigraphy developed by massive volcanic eruption. These features suggest that the evolution of the Korean margin can be explained by the processes occurring at volcanic rifted margins. Global earthquake tomography supports our interpretation by defining the abnormally hot upper mantle across the Korean margin and in the Ulleung Basin.     

Theoretical Study on Stochastic Modeling of Combined Gravity-Magnetic-Electric-Seismic Inversion and Its Application

As gravity field,magnetic field,electric field and seismic wave field are all physical fields,their object function,reverse function and compound function are certainly infinite contiuously differentiable func-tions which can be expanded into Taylor (Fourier) series within domain of definition and be further reduced in-to solving stochastic distribution function of series and statistic inference of optimal approximation,This is the basis of combined gravity-magnetic-electric-seismic inversion built on the basis of separation of field and source gravity-magnetic difference-value(D-value)trend surface,taking distribution-independent fault sys-tem as its unit,depths of seismic and electric interfaces of interests as its corresponding bivariate compound re-verse function of gravity-magnetic anomalies and using high order polynomial(high order trigonometric func-tion)approximating to its series distribution,The difference from current dominant inversion techniques is that,first,it does not respectively create gravity-seismic,magnetic-seismic deterministic inversion model from theoretical model,but combines gravity-magnetic-electric-seismic stochastic inversion model from stochastic model;second,after the concept of equivalent geological body being introduced,using feature of independent variable of gravity-magnetic field functions,taking density and susceptibility related to gravity-magnetic func-tion as default parameters of model,the deterministic model is established owing to better solution to the con-tradictioc of difficulty in identifying strata and less test analytical data for density and susceptibility in newly explored area;third,under assumption of independent parent distribution,a real modeling by strata,the prob-lem of difficult plane closure arising in profile modeling is avoided,This technology has richer and more detailed fault and strata information than sparse pattern seismic data in newly explored area,successfully inverses and plots structural map of Indosinian discontinuty in Hefei basin with combined gravity-magnetic-electric-seismic inversion,With development of high precision gravity-magnetic and overall geophysical technology,it is certain for introducing new methods of stochastic modeling and computational intelligence and promoting the develop-ment of combined gravity-magnetic-electric-seismic inversion to open a new substantial and promoting the develop-ment of combined gravity-magnetic-electric-seismic inversion to open a new substantial path.     

杭州市区春节期间空气质量变化特点

分析近3年春节期间的空气质量资料，结果表明，杭州市区环境空气中PM10、SO2、NO2浓度较高，烟花爆竹燃放期间3种污染物出现高峰值，这与烟花爆竹燃放有关，PM25／PM10的比值高于年均值。     

全球观测应力场的短波分量分析

世界应力图(WSM，World Stress Map)计划的应力指标，目前已累积数据共计10 920个，这些应力指标代表了该地区最大水平主应力的实际观测方向；与此同时，可以假定全球各个板块的绝对运动方向表征了相应各板块的最大水平主应力方向的长波分量．根据应力场的叠加原理，得到由该地区局部构造运动等因素贡献的短波分量的相对大小和方向．将全球划分成2.52.5的基本单元，对每个单元的WSM数据进行加权统计分析，得到其平均应力观测取向，利用HS2-NUVEL1全球绝对板块运动模型计算应力场的长波分量；平均观测应力取向和长波分量取向之间的夹角，决定了相应短波分量相对于观测应力场的大小及其取向的范围，并反映了特定研究地区局部应力场对总应力场的贡献程度．本文的计算结果表明，全球板块的绝大部分地区及各板块的平均效果，长波分量与短波分量对观测应力场的贡献程度相当．对于某些大陆板块内部，局部构造活动对观测应力场的贡献起到重要作用，因而控制着地震的孕育与发生．      

云南地区地震宏观异常特征研究

经历史震例及近几年地震震前短临跟踪预报实践，对宏观异常进行深入剖析，认为：宏观异常内容和数量多少与震级有关；宏观异常不只是短临和临震异常信息。也有不少是中短期、短期异常信息；宏观异常分布在震中及附近地区；最早出现的宏观异常地点对未来地震震中有一定指示意义。     

中强地震前山东地下流体地震前兆模糊分维特征研究

采用模糊集理论与分形理论相结合的模糊分维方法，计算山东地下流体在１９８３年菏泽５．９级地震和１９９５年苍山５．２级地震前的变化。分析结果认为，模糊分维值反映了地震前兆时序观测资料的结构变化特征，具有一定的物理意义，为从复杂的地下流体前兆观测值中提取地震异常信息提供了新的方法，但对某些台、测项而言、必须具体分析其模糊分维变化特征及其震前异常变化特征。     

1995年7月12日云南孟连中缅边界7.3级地震中短临预报及前兆异常特征（3）

研究了孟连７．３级地震前云南全省及震中距６００ｋｍ范围内跨断层短水准、短基线、地倾斜、水氡、水位、水汞等１３类观测项目，５５个台站，１１个台项测值的中、短、临异常情况。结果表明，震前中、短、临异常台项目分比为３８％，并主要集中在２００－４００ｋｍ范围。中期异常特征为异常时间长、幅度大、短临异常特征为中期异常趋势结束或测反向，部分项目出现“巨变”东家主震中附近异常出现晚而外围出现早、随着地震临近其异     

成都平原的形成与演化

成都平原是位于青藏高原东南侧前缘的第四纪压陷盆地，东西两侧分别被龙泉山和龙门山所限。研究表明，成都平原的第四纪断陷作用从大邑－彭县－绵竹隐伏断裂和浦江－新津－成都－德阳断裂所夹的北东向断块的为民陷开始，然后向东西两侧扩展。不同断裂在不同时代的逆冲运动对成都平原的形成和演化起重要的制约作用。     

山东苍山5.2级地震前地震活动特征

从小震活动的时空分布以测震学参数的变化出发，分析了苍山地震前地震活动的异常特下，研究结果表明，苍山５．２级地震前出现了地震活动的图像和几种中，短期测震学参数，异常，但无明显短临信息的前震活动。