Vertical distributions of phyllosoma larvae were examined in waters east of the Philippines or west of the Mariana Islands
(18°56′ N to 19°04′ N; 129°10′ E to 129°35′ E) based on zooplankton samples collected with an Isaacs-Kidd Midwater Trawl on
September 22–24, 1986. Phyllosoma larvae belonged to the two families Scyllaridae and Palinuridae comprising 4 genera and
9 species. Of the collected phyllosoma larvae, those of Scyllarus cultrifer and Panulirus longipes were most abundant and showed similar vertical distributions: (1) both species were collected from the mixed layer at night
but not in the day, (2) their vertical distributions did not change with their stages, and (3) the upper limit of their vertical
distributions during the day accorded with the base of mixed layer. Furthermore, their vertical distributions were similar
to those of lepthocephalus larvae which were collected using the same sampling stations and gear in the present study. Vertical
distributions of phyllosoma larvae were discussed in relation to their horizontal distributions.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
Current measurements were conducted 10 m below the sea surface near the head of Suruga Bay intermittently from 1970 to 1978.
The circulation pattern is usually counterclockwise; northward along the east coast (off Heda and at the mouth of Uchiura
Inlet), westward along the north coast (off Fuji), and southwestward along the west coast (off Shimizu).
The amplitudes of the four major tidal constituents of current variation, M2, S2, K1 and O1, are much larger than those expected from sea level variations along the coast. The amplitudes of the diurnal constituents
of current variation are much larger than those of the semidiurnal constituents, while the amplitudes of the semidiurnal constituents
of sea level variation are much larger than those of the diurnal constituents. The observed amplitude of the predominant diurnal
constituents exhibit large seasonal changes and tend to increase with the development of the stratification of the upper part
of the water in Suruga Bay. These facts strongly suggest that the observed current variations are mainly associated with internal
tides in Suruga Bay. 相似文献
Physical and chemical properties of two 100 m sediment cores (BDP-93-1, 93-2) obtained from the Buguldeika saddle of Lake Baikal in the eastern Siberia and a 14C-based age scale for the core show that the core bottom is about 400000 years ago and that the changes in the sedimentological environment of the area during the interval were that comparatively coarse and high C/N ratio sediments accumulated in the lake during interglacial periods, and fine material and low C/N ratio during glacial periods. The tentative age scale suggests that the first excursion in the earth's magnetic field at about 26 m (BDP-93-1 and 93-2) from the sediment surface corresponds to the Blake event. Statistical analyses of the data-sets for the some properties show that the fluctuations have distinct periods; 20000 years, 40000 years and 100000 years, that are related to the Milankovitch parameters and support that the tentative age scale is approximately acceptable. 相似文献
Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in a dated sediment core from a reservoir at Osaka
City, Southwest Japan. The sediment core consisted of deposits collected over a period of almost 70 years whose PAH content
would serve as a historical record of atmospheric environment at Osaka City. Total PAH concentrations varied from 4.2 to 26 mg kg−1 dry wt, and peaked in the 1940s, reflecting the occurrence of a large fire due to air attacks during World War II. The results
indicated that warfare had the largest impact on atmospheric environment in Osaka City. Total PAH concentrations decreased
in the post-war period except for a small peak. In the 1950s, there was a downward trend from the 1970s to the present. These
trends can be ascribed to the growth of industrial activities and the regulation of atmospheric pollutant emissions, respectively. 相似文献
Abstract The 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu Earthquake (Mw 6.9) occurred in the region around Kobe City and Awaji Island in south-west Japan. Co-seismic liquefaction caused subsidence of the land and damage to sea wall caissons on the man-made Port Island at Kobe City. A zone 2–3 m wide behind the caissons of the northern wharf on the island subsided into the intertidal zone and a sandy deposit settled into this subsided zone. The depos-it consists of upward-fining sequences that are subdivided into three parts, in ascending order: graded coarse- to medium-grained sand, parallel-laminated fine- to very-fine-grained sand, and massive mud. Grain fabric analysis (employing the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility method and microscopic measurement) of these sequences shows that there is a remarkable contrast in grain fabric between the lowest portion of the graded sand division and the laminated sand division. The former has a high q -value (magnetic lineation/foliation) and a unimodal orientation of elongate grains in the horizontal plane, but random orientation in the vertical plane. Conversely, the latter is characterized by a low q -value and a grain fabric in which the long axes of the grains have random orientations and are nearly parallel to the plane of deposition. This result shows that the main depositional processes changed from a combination of flow and allied processes to the force of gravity. As still water is essential for gravity to be the dominant factor in deposition, this deposit is regarded as subaqueous sand blow deposits. If this interpretation is correct, the grain fabric produced by gravity alone is a useful criterion for distinguishing between subaqueous sand blow deposits and other liquefaction-induced deposits. 相似文献
North-seeking bacteria (NSB) with 1 μm diameters migrate to the S pole only. They were applied to identify the S pole determination on a polished surface of magnetite-rich pyroxenite whose natural remanent magnetization (NRM) intensity was 5.64 × 10−3 Am2 kg−1. The microscopic observations were performed under dark-field illumination in a controlled magnetic field to 10 μT. The NSB formed clusters on limited areas of magnetite grains and scattered over the whole magnetite grains.
The NRM decreased to 1.02 × 10−5 Am2 kg−1 by alternating field (AF) demagnetization to 60 mT but no clusters appeared, while small populations of the NSB scattered on each grain. These scattered bacteria may gather toward the S pole resulting from magnetic domain walls.
When the sample acquired saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) to 1 T, the NSB formed dense clusters at the opposite side to the applied field direction on the many grains as expected. This evidence indicated that the NSB can be useful micro-organisms for the determination of fine magnetic structures. Some grains also had NSB clusters at the edge of the grains toward the field direction or did not exhibit any clusters. The complicated distribution of the clusters (the S poles) may be explained by shape anisotropy of the magnetic grains. 相似文献
Thermohaline staircases off Cape Erimo, Hokkaido are described and their physical properties are compared with those in other seas. The mean fluxes for heat and salt across the interface induced by salt finger were estimated as 105 cal cm–2d–1, and 0.03 g cm–2d–1, respectively. These values were in the same order as those in Caribbean Sea. The effective eddy diffusivities were also in the same order as the Caribbean ones. This suggests that the double-diffusive convection plays on important role on the water mass conversions occurring in the interfrontal zone between the Oyashio and the Kuroshio Waters. 相似文献