Influences of forest on MODIS snow cover mapping and snow variations in the Amur River basin in Northeast Asia during 2000–2014

The study applies the improved cloud‐free moderate resolution imaging spectral radiometer daily snow cover product (MODMYD_MC) to investigate the snow cover variations from snow hydrologic year (HY) HY2000 to HY2013 in the Amur River basin (ARB), Northeast Asia. The fractions of forest cover were 38%, 63%, and 47% in 2009 in China (the southern ARB), Russia (the northern ARB), and ARB, respectively. Validation results show that MODMYD_MC has a snow agreement of 88% against in situ snow depth (SD) observations (SD ≥ 4 cm). The agreement is about 10% lower at the forested stations than at the nonforested stations. Snow cover durations (SCDs) from MODMYD_MC are 20 days shorter than ground observations (SD ≥ 1 cm) at the forested stations, whereas they are just 8 days shorter than ground observations (SD ≥ 1 cm) at the nonforested stations. Annual mean SCDs from MODMYD_MC in the forested areas are 21 days shorter than those in the nearby farmland in the Sanjiang Plain. This indicates forest has a complex influence on the snow accumulation and melting processes and even on optical satellite snow cover mapping. Meanwhile, SCD and mean snow cover are negatively correlated with air temperature in ARB, especially in the snow melting season, when mean air temperature in March and April can explain 86% and 74% of the mean snow cover variations in China ARB and Russia ARB, respectively. From 1961 to 2015, the annual mean air temperature presented an increased trend by 0.33 °C/decade in both China ARB and Russia ARB, whereas it had a decrease trend from HY2000 to HY2013. The decrease of air temperature led to an increase of snow cover, which is different from the global decrease trend of snow cover variations. SCD and snow cover had larger increase rates in China ARB than in Russia ARB, and they were larger in the forested areas than in the nearby farmland in the Sanjiang Plain.     

基于6S模型的山区环境星影像大气校正研究

针对山区地形复杂,高程变化较大的特点,利用6S辐射传输模型建立查找表,结合研究区DEM对影像进行了大气校正。试验结果表明,校正后的影像清晰度、对比度提高了,消除了大气对NDVI的负面影响。     

泌阳凹陷安棚地区油气成藏条件及富集主控因素

泌阳凹陷为—东秦岭褶皱带上发育起来的中新生代箕状断陷.安棚地区位于该凹陷东南部,来自南部陡坡带的扇三角洲砂体与安棚鼻状构造配置形成以砂岩上倾尖灭为主要圈闭类型的油气藏.油气储层成岩演化阶段进入晚成岩B期,成岩作用较强,储层物性较差,具低孔低渗特征.但沿鼻状构造的轴部微裂缝较发育,改善了储层储集性能.研究认为,丰富的油源...     

伊通复杂断陷盆地地震采集技术

从伊通盆地复杂的表层结构及深层地质条件出发,分析了影响复杂构造区信噪比和分辨率的主要因素,从而有针对性地研究了复杂构造下的观测系统设计及照明分析技术、复杂地表结构条件下的表层调查技术、提高信噪比的组合检波压制干扰波技术和基于表层调查的激发技术。通过一系列技术研究,形成了三分、三优选的技术措施,有效地提高了伊通盆地复杂构造的信噪比和分辨率,提高了西北缘山地的成像质量,满足了油气勘探的需求。     

内蒙古浩布高铅锌矿床小罕山岩体年代学、Hf同位素及地球化学特征

内蒙古赤峰浩布高铅锌矿床大地构造位置位于大兴安岭地区南段,属黄岗梁—甘珠尔庙褶皱成矿带.对浩布高铅锌矿床小罕山岩体进行了详细的岩石学、年代学、岩石地球化学和Hf同位素研究.结果显示:小罕山岩体主要岩石类型为二长花岗岩,形成于(143.9±1.1)Ma,属于早白垩世;地球化学组成上表现出高硅(SiO2=66.96％ ～6...     

IMMIGRATION, GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION AND SOCIAL ECONOMIC STATUS OF AMERICAN CHINESE

ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｓｍａｌｌｅｓｔｍｉｎｏｔｉｔｉｅｓｉｎｔｈｅＵｎｉｔｅｄＳｔａｔｅｓ,ｗｈｉｃｈｃｏｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｓｏｎｌｙ1ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅｔｏｔａｌｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ.Ｉｎｔｈｅｐａｓｔｙｅａｒｓ,ＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｈａｖｅｍａｄｅｇｒｅａｔｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｓｔｏｔｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅＵｎｉｔｅｄＳｔａｔｅｓ.Ｂｕｔｉｎｔｈｅｅａｒｌｙｙｅａｒｓ,ｔｈｅｙｗｅｒｅｕｎｆａｉｒｌｙｔｒｅａｔｅｄａｎｄｔｈｅｉｒｈｉｓｔｏｒｙｗａｓｉ…     

ArcGIS下的油田勘探资料管理方案

在长期的石油勘探工作中积累了包括地震、测井、地质以及其它非震地球物理方法等方面的大量资料。对这些与空间信息密切相关的资料进行数字化管理的理想方案是通过地理信息系统平台实现。油气勘探数据管理系统选用ArcGIS平台。用商业DBMS如oracle8作为数据库服务器，采用三层式C／S结构，用ESRI的Geodatabase模型和ArcSDE建立分布式勘探地理数据库。整个勘探地理数据库按专业或专题分为若干子库，每个子库都可以位于地理位置不同的专业数据服务器上，通过油田内部宽带网连接。制订勘探资料元数据标准，并根据元数据标准编制元数据同步程序和编辑器，实现油田勘探资料的规范化管理。     

郑州和永城地区地基土的物理力学性质比较分析

利用数理统计方法，对河南省郑州地区和永城地区地基土的物理力学性质进行了比较分析，找出它们的联系与差异，其各类土的各种特性指标基本正确反映了两个地区沉积差异情况下的工程特性，对郑州地区和永城地区岩土工程勘察、设计、施工有一定的参考价值。     

泌阳凹陷新生代构造特征与形成机制及其与油气成藏的关系

根据地层层序特征 ,叠加在东秦岭造山带之上的泌阳凹陷伸展作用可以划分出 6个伸展作用幕。核二段沉积前泌阳凹陷以北东—南西向的伸展作用为主 ,构造变形受以正断层为主兼具左旋走滑分量的唐河—栗园断裂控制。核二段沉积期——廖庄组沉积末期构造应力场发生转变 ,以北西—南东向伸展作用为主 ,构造变形主要受以正断层为主兼具右旋走滑分量的泌阳—栗园断裂控制。断裂活动引起上盘构造变形 ,对先成构造进行改造。廖庄组沉积末期发生区域性的隆升作用 ,北西—南东向的伸展作用导致边界断裂上盘发生断块掀斜 ,地层遭受强烈剥蚀。核二段沉积以来尤其是廖庄组沉积末期 ,受北西—南东向不均匀伸展作用的影响 ,北西向走滑断层活动并影响盖层构造样式