相位中心改正模式的转变对GPS数据处理的影响

总结了大地测量和天体测量对SVLBI卫星的要求条件,分析了GNSS系统和SLR系统以及中继卫星对卫星的定轨精度、地面测控站对SVLBI卫星的跟踪效率,研究了SVLBI卫星对射电源的访问效率,及其与地面VLBI测站和VSOP2卫星形成的地-空和空-空基线观测射电源的分辨率等,以此为基础设计我国SVLBI卫星的轨道参数。     

The Nature of Volatiles in the Lunar Regolith

Layer-by-layer analysis of the fine fraction of Luna-16 sample L1635 by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed a zonal structure of its constituent particles. The outer zone, to a depth of 1200 Å, is enriched with Si and Fe and depleted in refractory elements Mg, Ca, and Al as compared to the bulk composition of the sample. The second zone, in the depth range from 1200 to 4500 Å, is of very unusual composition: it is enriched with carbon (up to 60 at. %) and zinc (up to 4 at. %) and contains some other volatiles. The lower zone, at depths from 4500 to 7000 Å, is composed of a silicate material; however, the concentrations of refractory elements are noticeably higher than those in the near-surface layer. There is a difference in structural and chemical characteristics of most of the elements between different zones. These findings point to the exogenous origin of the enrichment of the studied sample with volatiles and are related to the fall of a volatile-rich body (comet or carbonaceous chondrite) on the Moon. The hypothesis of the cometary (carbonaceous-chondrite) impact explains the main patterns of the volatile distribution in the lunar regolith, including the formation of green and orange glasses from Apollo 15 and 17 collections.     

The Significance,Path and Vision of 5G+ BeiDou

第5代移动通信技术（the 5th generation mobile communication technology,5G）引入的毫米波、大规模天线阵列、超密集组网及终端直通等新技术,不但能大幅度提升通信性能,而且具备解决卫星“最后一千米”定位难题的潜力,有望满足城市峡谷、工业物联网等复杂场景下的高精度定位需求。利用5G n78频段的实际测试数据对基于北斗高精度时空基准的5G下行定位方法进行验证,使用北斗载波相位差分定位与全站仪在室内实验场建立厘米级空间基准,使用北斗授时及带内光纤同步达到纳秒级时间同步精度。对比了Chan算法、泰勒（Taylor）级数展开算法与残差加权(residual weighting, RWGH)算法3种基于到达时间差（time of differential arrival,TDOA）的定位算法在室内热点场景下的定位精度,结果表明,静态定位时残差加权算法精度最优,动态定位时Taylor级数展开算法优于RWGH算法,Taylor级数展开算法与RWGH算法的静态与动态定位精度均可达分米级。其中,非视距误差对TDOA观测值产生约5 m的偏差,使用RWGH算法可改善Chan算法在非视距条件下的定位精度。     

消费级惯性传感器动态系统误差分析与建模

针对传统的系统误差转台标定方法耗时耗力且受限于实验地点的问题,该文从载体运动特征的角度,使用高精度战术级惯性导航设备作为参考,采集车载动态数据,通过传统传感器信号误差模型对消费级低成本惯性导航设备在线标定后,对标定后的观测值残差分别与载体运动角速度、角加速度、角冲击(加速度导数)、线性加速度、线性加速度冲击进行相关性分...     

EOP预报误差对自主定轨结果影响分析

对地球定向参数的预报误差变化趋势和地球定向参数预报误差对自主定轨生成星历影响及由此给定位产生的影响的分析结果表明：地球定向参数预报误差对长期（110天）自主定轨轨道的径向误差和卫星钟差几乎没有影响,主要影响水平方向（切向和法向）误差,并且这种影响呈现一定的周期性,由此给定位带来的误差影响主要在东西方向和南北方向。     

BD-2星载原子钟长期在轨性能评估

利用WHU和GFZ提供的2013-01-01~2018-05-01北斗精密钟差数据,从原子钟相位、频漂、频率准确度和频率稳定度指标等方面对BD-2星载原子钟的长期在轨性能进行评估。结果表明,相位数据连续性和稳定性不佳,调相操作频繁;频漂维持在10-18~10-17 /s量级;准确度处于10-11量级,比较稳定;万秒稳定度在10-14~10-13量级,MEO卫星相较于GEO和IGSO卫星更加稳定。此外,分析原子钟切钟对频漂、准确度和稳定度的影响,并给出BD-2卫星钟的切换信息。     

GNSS电离层延迟模型的数学统一与方法扩展

总结了当前广泛研究的利用GNSS观测数据建立电离层延迟模型的基本理论,并从数学上利用第一类算子方程统一现有的模型。着重分析了电离层VTEC的数学模拟和逼近方法,提出了建立模型的方法上的一系列扩展,从数学角度分析模型各种处理方式上的潜在问题,并给出了简单的单站模型计算实例,实证了理论的正确性。     

导航卫星自主定轨星座旋转误差的地面校正算法

目的 基于星间测距的导航卫星自主定轨不可避免地会出现星座旋转,导致轨道精度下降并对造成用户定位系统误差。对星座旋转现象的原因和影响进行了分析,指出轨道升交点赤经的系统偏差ΔΩ和地球定向参数EOP的预报误差是星座旋转的主要误差源,主要表现为星座绕地球自转轴(犣轴)的旋转。在此基础上,提出一种独立、实用的星座旋转的地面校正算法,利用区域地面站的伪距观测值估计并校正星座旋转误差。仿真结果表明,使用两个测站可以估计旋转误差的三个分量,较为完善地消除星座旋转误差,显著提高用户定位的精度;使用一个测站,仅考虑关于犣轴的旋转分量,也可以校正大部分旋转误差,但校正效果略差。     

Tree Species Composition in European Pristine Forests: Comparison of Stand Data to Model Predictions

The degree of general applicability across Europe currently achieved with several forest succession models is assessed, data needs and steps for further model development are identified and the role physiology based models can play in this process is evaluated. To this end, six forest succession models (DISCFORM, ForClim, FORSKA-M, GUESS, PICUS v1.2, SIERRA) are applied to simulate stand structure and species composition at 5 European pristine forest sites in different climatic regions. The models are initialized with site-specific soil information and driven with climate data from nearby weather stations. Predicted species composition and stand structure are compared to inventory data. Similarity and dissimilarity in the model results under current climatic conditions as well as the predicted responses to six climate change scenarios are discussed. All models produce good results in the prediction of the right tree functional types. In about half the cases, the dominating species are predicted correctly under the current climate. Where deviations occur, they often represent a shift of the species spectrum towards more drought tolerant species. Results for climate change scenarios indicate temperature driven changes in the alpine elevational vegetation belts at humid sites and a high sensitivity of forest composition and biomass of boreal and temperate deciduous forests to changes in precipitation as mediated by summer drought. Restricted generality of the models is found insofar as models originally developed for alpine conditions clearly perform better at alpine sites than at boreal sites, and vice versa. We conclude that both the models and the input data need to be improved before the models can be used for a robust evaluation of forest dynamics under climate change scenarios across Europe. Recommendations for model improvements, further model testing and the use of physiology based succession models are made.