On Biochemical Formation of Salt Deposits

A water/salt system in an evaporative environment is both a physicochemical region and a biological one. All the parameters of the system, such as the salinity, temperature and CO2 partial pressure, are affected by halo-philic bacteria. The system controls salt deposition but is modified by an accompanying ecological system; therefore it should be called a water/salt/biological system. Salt minerals result from accumulation of the remains of bacteria/algae, namely, bacteria/algae formation; whereas biological, biophysical and biochemical processes provide full evidence for organic involvement. Consequently, salt deposits should not be called purely chemical but biological/chemical ones. This new argument supplements and develops the traditional idea and helps perfect the mineralization theory of salts and even general deposits, thus giving guidance to prospecting for salt deposits.     

Hot-Water Deposition of Pyritic Stromatolite and Its Relation to Biomineralization

Pyritic stromatolite, a rich pyrite ore, is scattered as reef masses in sedex deposits of the Proterozoic Yanshan rift trough. The pyritic stromatolite consists of a core and alternating concentric rims of light colloidal pyrite and dark organic materials. The concentric rims are cemented together by trichomes highly similar to the trichomic microorganisms inhabiting substantively around the black chimneys on the current sea beds while the core is composed chiefly of groups of thermophilous sulphur bacteria. Biomarkers for the molecules of pyritic stromatolite include pristane, phytane, regular isoprenoids paraffin, methyl-heptadecyl, and so on. This study reveals the existence of methane-yielding bacteria in the pyritic stromatolite and reflects the evolution of thermophilous thallophyta.Long pulsation of mineralizing thermal solutions venting up along contemporaneous faults in rift troughs contributed greatly not just to the reproduction of thermophilous organisms living around the vents, but to their     

Application of Seismic Anisotropy Caused by Fissures in Coal Seams to the Detection of Coal-bed Methane Reservoirs

Coal-bed methane is accumulated in micro-fissures and cracks in coal seams. The coal seam is the source terrace and reservoir bed of the coal-bed methane (Qian et al., 1996). Anisotropy of coal seams is caused by the existence of fissures. Based on the theory of S wave splitting: an S wave will be divided into two S waves with nearly orthogonal polarization directions when passing through anisotropic media, i.e. the fast S wave with its direction of propagation parallel to that of the fissure and slow S wave with the direction of propagation perpendicular to that of the fissure.This paper gives the results of laboratory research and field test on the S wave splitting caused by coal-seam fissures: The results show that it is, feasible to detect fissures in coal seams by applying the converted S wave and finally gives the development zone and development direction of these fissures.     

珠三坳陷有机包裹体应用研究

珠三坳陷由于其多样的烃源条件,多套生储盖组合,使得含油气系统复杂化,为了解我油气分布、运移、聚集和成藏的质规律,本文运用有机包裹体对该区的烃源、油气藏注入史以及油气运聚与断裂发育的关系进行了研究,研究中３采用荧光偏光显微镜、显微冷热台、显微傅立叶变换红外光谱、Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ同位素等多项有机包裹体分析技术,研究结果认为：珠三坳陷琼海凸起上的两其期有机包裹体无论是类型、期次、分布特征、均一温度还是成熟度,     

地磁内、外源场分离及其强震前内、外源电流体系的演化特征

利用地磁内外源场分离方法,反演1997年11月8日玛尼地震前地下和空间等效电流体系的演化图像,分析了地磁低点位移出现前后等效电流体系变化特征.结果表明:内、外场等效电流体系的变化与地震"低点位移"异常现象有着内在的联系,等效电流体系变化可能是地磁低点位移异常现象产生的原因之一.     

SHRIMP Zircon U-Pb Dating of the Tongshi Magmatic Complex in Western Shandong and Its Geological Implications

1 Introduction Since the Guilaizhuang gold deposit was discovered in the 1980s, the Tongshi magmatic complex has attracted attention since it exhibits a spatial-temporal relationship to gold mineralization. In the past ten years, a number of detailed fundamental researches have been carried out on the complex, Guilaizhuang gold deposit and their relationships (Qiu et al., 1994; Lin et al., 1996; Yan et al., 1996; Xu et al., 1999; Kong et al., 2001; Shun et al., 2001). Up to date, some res…     

U-Pb SHRIMP Dating of Zircon from Quartz Veins of the Yangshan Gold Deposit in Gansu Province and Its Geological Significance

The Yangshan gold deposit is a super-large fine-grained disseminated gold deposit located in southern Gansu Province. Its metallogenic age has been determined by using the cathodoluminescence image and ion probe U-Pb dating techniques. It is found that zircons from quartz veinlet of the fine-grained disseminated gold ore show characters of magmatic origin with prism idiomorphism, oscillatory zoning and dominant Th/U ratios of 0.5-1.5. Three main populations of zircons are obtained, giving average 206Pb/238U ages of 197.6±1.7 Ma, 126.9±3.2 Ma and 51.2±1.3 Ma respectively. The first age corresponds to the K-Ar age of the plagiogranite dike, while the latter two ages indicate that buried Cretaceous and Tertiary intrusives exist in the orefield, suggesting that the Yangshan gold deposit was genetically related to the three magmatic hydrothermal activities. By contrast, zircons from coarse gold-bearing quartz vein in the mining area are much older than the host rock, indicating that the vein was formed ear     

利用伸缩仪观测资料检测日本9．0级大地震激发的地球自由振荡

利用河南信阳台和河北张家口台伸缩仪的数字化观测资料,采用功率谱密度估计方法,在没有对资料进行去固体潮处理的情况下,准确获得了2011年3月11日日本9．0级大地震激发的0S4-0S39基频球型自由振荡,并与地球初步参考模型（PREM）的理论自由振荡频率进行了对比,发现实测振荡频率与PREM预测的振荡频率基本符合。     

包裹体测温恢复剥蚀厚度新方法在准噶尔盆地车—莫古隆起的应用

准噶尔盆地车—莫古隆起侏罗系顶部和白垩系底部之间发育剥蚀面(K/J不整合),恢复古隆起剥蚀厚度是盆地分析的重要研究内容之一。在广泛分析各种剥蚀厚度恢复方法适用性的基础上,结合该区埋藏史和地温史分析,提出了包裹体测温恢复剥蚀厚度的新方法;其基本原理是利用古隆起开始抬升时形成的包裹体与抬升剥蚀结束时形成的包裹体的均一化温度差和古地温梯度,计算剥蚀量。用该方法恢复了车—莫古隆起的剥蚀厚度,沙1井和盆4井的剥蚀厚度分别为390～438m和361～406m。包裹体测温恢复剥蚀厚度的计算方法简单,关键是要通过埋藏史、地温史分析和镜下观察包裹体发育部位等综合手段,找到地层抬升开始前和抬升结束时形成的包裹体。该方法适用于后期沉积厚度远大于剥蚀厚度或经历了多期构造运动发育多个不整合面的剥蚀厚度恢复。