泥页岩油气藏水平井评价对策与实践

随着泥页岩油气藏勘探程度不断深入,水平井数量成倍增长,给水平井测井评价带来机遇与挑战,但水平并测井解释方法还停留在直井思维上,且水平并响应特征与直并存在较大差剐.而泥页岩储层砂泥薄互层发育,各向异性、非均值性非常严重,砂体横向上不连续,给测井解释评价造成很大困难.本文根据实际资料,采用交互式反演方法,以寻找井眼轨迹与目的层的精细关系为目的,探索了泥页岩油气藏水平井测井评价方法以及应注意的事项.     

摩擦钢板接触面对软钢耗能节点工作性能影响

根据大连国际会议中心结构的设计特点,设计了2个带弧形接触板的软钢耗能节点试件,并进行了该类型试件在低周反复荷载下的抗震性能试验研究,试验模型为原型。在试验基础上,探讨了2个试件软钢耗能节点的承载力、刚度及其退化过程、延性、滞回特性和破坏特征。给出了软钢板耗能节点的承载力计算方法,计算结果与试验结果符合较好。研究表明,采用18mm厚软钢连接板节点试件具有较好的变形能力和耗能能力。     

Uncertainty assessment and optimization of hydrological model with the Shuffled Complex Evolution Metropolis algorithm: an application to artificial neural network rainfall-runoff model

Assessment of parameter and predictive uncertainty of hydrologic models is an essential part in the field of hydrology. However, during the past decades, research related to hydrologic model uncertainty is mostly done with conceptual models. As is accepted that uncertainty in model predictions arises from measurement errors associated with the system input and output, from model structural errors and from problems with parameter estimation. Unfortunately, non-conceptual models, such as black-box models, also suffer from these problems. In this paper, we take the artificial neural network (ANN) rainfall-runoff model as an example, and the Shuffled Complex Evolution Metropolis algorithm (SCEM-UA) is employed to analysis the parameter and predictive uncertainty of this model. Furthermore, based on the results of uncertainty assessment, we finally arrive at a simpler incomplete-connection artificial neural network (ICANN) model as well as with better performance compared to original ANN rainfall-runoff model. These results not only indicate that SCEM-UA can be a useful tool for uncertainty analysis of ANN model, but also prove that uncertainty does exist in ANN rainfall-runoff model. Additionally, in some way, it presents that the ICANN model is with smaller uncertainty than the original ANN model.     

Did the M S7.0 Lushan earthquake dynamically trigger earthquakes in the Datong volcanic region (Shanxi Province)?

Immediately following the M _S7.0 Lushan earthquake on April 20, 2013, using high-pass and low-pass filtering on the digital seismic stations in the Shanxi Province, located about 870–1,452 km from the earthquake epicenter, we detected some earthquakes at a time corresponding to the first arrival of surface waves in high-pass filtering waveform. The earthquakes were especially noticed at stations in Youyu (YUY), Shanzizao (SZZ), Shanghuangzhuang (SHZ), and Zhenchuan (ZCH), which are located in a volcanic region in the Shanxi Province,but they were not listed in the Shanxi seismic observation report. These earthquakes occurred 4–50 min after the passage of the maximum amplitude Rayleigh wave, and the periods of the surface waves were mainly between 15 and 20 s following. The Coulomb stresses caused by the Rayleigh waves that acted on the four stations was about 0.001 MPa, which is a little lower than the threshold value of dynamic triggering, therefore, we may conclude that the Datong volcanic region is more sensitive to the Coulomb stress change. To verify, if the similar phenomena are widespread, we used the same filtering to observe contrastively continuous waveform data before, and 5 h after, the M _S7.0 Lushan earthquake and M _S9.0 Tohoku earthquake in 2011. The results show that the similar phenomena occur before the earthquakes, but the seismicity rates after the earthquakes are remarkably increased. Since these weak earthquakes are quite small, it is hard to get clear phase arrival time from three or more stations to locate them. In addition, the travel time differences between P waves and S waves (S–P) are all less than 4 s, that means the events should occur in 34 km around the stations in the volcanic region. The stress of initial dynamic triggering of the M _S9.0 Tohoku earthquake was about 0.09 MPa, which is much higher than the threshold value of dynamic triggering stress. The earthquakes after the M _S9.0 Tohoku earthquake are related to dynamic triggering stress, but the events before the earthquake cannot be linked to seismic events, but may be related to the background seismicity or from other kinds of local sources, such as anthropogenic sources (i.e., explosions). Using two teleseismic filtering, the small background earthquakes in the Datong volcanic region occur frequently, thus we postulate that previous catalog does not apply bandpass filter to pick out the weak earthquakes, and some of the observed weak events were not triggered by changes in the dynamic stress field.     

基于GIS的城市交通出行方式自动识别模型

随着移动互联网的发展和普及,传统城市规划数据调查方法逐渐被新型移动终端数据的丰富且广泛的应用所取代,结合GIS数据提供的地理位置信息可以高准确性、低成本、大样本量地提供城市规划调查数据。本文提出了一种基于GIS的城市交通出行方式自动识别模型建立方法,进一步加强了在移动网络时代中GIS与城市规划结合的应用可行性,拓展并深化了GIS的应用领域。     

双鸭山市连续运行卫星定位服务系统(SYS-CORS)暨南方NRS系统的建设及应用

论述了双鸭山市测绘行业对双鸭山市连续运行卫星定位服务系统(SYS-CORS)暨南方NRS系统的需求,介绍了系统建设过程,同时介绍了系统测试状况,最后叙述系统的功能、本系统的创新点及系统为社会提供信息服务的前景。     

新疆库米什盆地硝酸盐类矿床成矿离子迁移规律及成矿模型

为了深入认识库米什盆地硝酸盐矿床成矿离子的空间分布特征、表层沉积物中硝酸盐含量较高的原因,以盆地硝酸盐矿床为研究对象,开展研究区内各类补给水样和沉积物样可溶性盐类物质化学组成的定量分析研究;结合野外地质踏勘工作,探讨研究区硝酸盐矿床成矿离子的迁移规律,初步建立盆地硝酸盐矿床沉积成矿作用模型.结果表明,K+、Na+、NO...     

基于WebServices的新农村公共服务平台设计与实现

本文针对新农村公共服务平台在信息交互性方面的需求及WebGIS在此方面的不足,提出基于RIA和WebServices的在线交互空间异构属性数据方法,分析相关空间异构属性数据类型,阐述相应数据模型和自定义WebServices的设计思路和基于该方法的四川省某县新农村公共服务平台主要功能的实现。     

国土资源科技基础信息分析系统的设计与实现

本文从需求分析、系统整体设计、系统实现与应用三个方面介绍了国土资源科技基础信息分析系统。系统旨在实现科技统计数据采集、传输、审核、汇总、管理与分析的全流程信息化,创新科技信息服务,为国土资源科技管理与决策提供服务和支撑。     

Discovering Spatial Interaction Communities from Mobile Phone Data

In the age of Big Data, the widespread use of location‐awareness technologies has made it possible to collect spatio‐temporal interaction data for analyzing flow patterns in both physical space and cyberspace. This research attempts to explore and interpret patterns embedded in the network of phone‐call interaction and the network of phone‐users’ movements, by considering the geographical context of mobile phone cells. We adopt an agglomerative clustering algorithm based on a Newman‐Girvan modularity metric and propose an alternative modularity function incorporating a gravity model to discover the clustering structures of spatial‐interaction communities using a mobile phone dataset from one week in a city in China. The results verify the distance decay effect and spatial continuity that control the process of partitioning phone‐call interaction, which indicates that people tend to communicate within a spatial‐proximity community. Furthermore, we discover that a high correlation exists between phone‐users’ movements in physical space and phone‐call interaction in cyberspace. Our approach presents a combined qualitative‐quantitative framework to identify clusters and interaction patterns, and explains how geographical context influences communities of callers and receivers. The findings of this empirical study are valuable for urban structure studies as well as for the detection of communities in spatial networks.