土-结构相互作用效应对结构基底地震动影响的试验研究

利用土与结构动力相互作用振动台模型试验数据,通过各种试验工况下土层表面与基础表面加速度反应的比较,深入探讨了土与结构动力相互作用效应对高层建筑结构基底地震动的影响。从输入地震动频谱特性、输入地震动强度水平和上部结构动力特性3个方面详细分析了与SSI效应对高层建筑基底震动影响程度有关的一些因素。结果表明：SSI效应对高层建筑基底地震动的影响与输入地震波的动力特性有很大关系。在地震动的频谱成分方面,SSI效应对高层建筑基底地震动的影响主要体现为土层表面和基础表面在与输入地震动卓越频率相近处的频谱成分有较大差异;SSI效应对高层建筑基底地震动的影响程度随着输入加速度峰值水平的增加而减小;在某一特定地震波作用下,当上部结构的振动频率与地震地面运动的卓越频率相近时,SSI效应对高层建筑基底地震动的影响较为强烈。     

Behavior of large post-liquefaction deformation in saturated Nanjing fine sand

Laboratory tests on the large post-liquefaction deformation of saturated Nanjing fine sand were performed by using a hollow cylinder apparatus. The stress-strain responses and the characteristics of excess pore water pressure after liquefaction were studied. It was found that the relationship between deviatoric stress and axial strain presented a sigmoid curve, and there was a good linearity relationship between normalized pore water pressure and deviatoric stress. On this basis, a constitutive model of stress-strain responses and a dissipation model of excess pore water pressure were established. It was found that the results predicted by the two models were in good agreement with the experimental data. The influence of relative densities and confi ning pressure on the characteristics of liquef ied soil were studied. The results showed the relative densities and initial effective confining pressure all had an important influence on the stress-strain responses of liquefi ed saturated Nanjing fine sand. However, the dissipation model of excess pore water pressure after liquefaction was only affected by the confining pressure.     

胶东金青顶和邓格庄金矿床的同位素组成及其地质意义

本文主要研究了胶东金青顶和邓格庄金矿床蚀变体系的氧、硅同位素组成、硫化物矿物的硫同位素组成，方解石的碳、氧、锶、钐、钕同位素组成，结果表明金矿床早阶段成矿热液中水以非大气降水为主，晚阶段成矿热液中大气降水增加；成矿物质来源于地壳。推断金矿床由地壳物质在燕山期大规模低程度熔融出的富K、Na的流体交代改造岩石并汲取成矿元素形成的矿化热液和岩浆热液共同作用形成。     

云南墨江镍金矿床富金石英脉的40Ar/39Ar快中子活化年龄

云南墨江镍金矿床富金石英脉石英的⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar快中子活化年龄谱为马鞍形,坪年龄为93±3Ma,对应的等时线年龄为90±3 Ma,最低视年龄为91±1 Ma,3者在误差范围内接近,最低视年龄(91±1 Ma)代表石英的结晶年龄.     

Thermo-mechanical behavior of energy pile under different climatic conditions

Acta Geotechnica - The thermal–mechanical behavior of the energy pile under three kinds of climatic conditions was investigated in this study. A small-scale floating energy pile and a...     

近岸水平场地液化侧向大变形机理及软化模量分析方法

本文依据震害现象和实验探讨近岸水平场地地面液化侧向大变形机理，改进现有软化模量分析技术，给出一套地面液化侧向大变形的分析方法。近岸水平场地侧向大变形机理因地基中孔隙水压力升高、土体模量衰减、土骨架变软使偏应变得到充分发展所致，其水平永久侧移可用从底部到顶部呈增加形式的整体变形描述。利用本文方法，对1995年阪神地震中近岸沉箱岸壁和土体液化侧向大变形进行了数值模拟，结果与震后实测结果和试验结果在主要特征上一致，说明改进的软化模量法可以用于地面液化侧向大变形的分析。     

Kinetic biomineralization through microfluidic chip tests

A homogeneous microfluidic chip was used to investigate the pore-scale characteristics during the process of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP). An image-processing scheme was developed to measure the projecting areas of the precipitated calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate first precipitated on the bacterium side before spreading to the rest of the chip. The distribution of calcium carbonate was more uniform along the length of the microchip than along the width. Raman back-scattering spectroscopy was used to examine the chemical composition of the precipitate, identifying calcite and vaterite as the main mineral phases. Bacterium traces were noted on crystal surfaces in SEM images, suggesting a higher adsorptive capacity for irregular precipitates than well-shaped crystals.

     

A New Method of Combination of Electroosmosis, Vacuum and Surcharge Preloading for Soft Ground Improvement

As a rapid and effective ground improvement method is urgently required for the booming land reclamation in China’s coastal area, this study proposes a new combined method of electroosmosis, vacuum preloading and surcharge preloading. A new type of electrical prefabricated vertical drain (ePVD) and a new electroosmotic drainage system are suggested to allow the application of the new method. This combined method is then field-tested and compared with the conventional vacuum combined with surcharge preloading method. The monitoring and foundation test results show that the new method induces a settlement 20% larger than that of the conventional vacuum combined with surcharge preloading method in the same treatment period, and saves approximately half of the treatment time compared with the vacuum combined with surcharge preloading method according to the finite element prediction of the settlement. The proposed method also increases the vane shear strength of the soil significantly. The bearing capacity of the ground improved by use of the new proposed method raises 118%. In comparison, there is only a 75% rise when using the vacuum combined with surcharge preloading method during the same reinforcement period. All results indicate that the proposed combined method is effective and suitable for reinforcing the soft clay ground. Besides, the voltage applied between the anode and cathode increases exponentially versus treatment time when the output current of power supplies is kept constant. Most of the voltage potential in electroosmosis is lost at electrodes, leaving smaller than 50% of the voltage to be effectively transmitted into the soil.     

预应力锚索加固岩质边坡的设计实例

在修筑高等级公路时 ,常需要开挖而形成高陡路堑边坡 ,边坡稳定与否将影响公路施工和运营的安全。 对具有潜在滑动面的不稳定岩质边坡 ,通常采用预应力锚索和锚杆加固以节约工程投资与缩短施工时间。结合某高速公路路堑岩质边坡工程 ,在分析边坡工程地质条件的基础上 ,提出了预应力锚索加固边坡的设计方法和步骤 ,为相关边坡工程的加固提供借鉴经验。     

国外超大型浅变质细碎屑岩型金矿床的地质特征

国外浅变质碎屑岩型金矿床的含矿岩系以含碳和黄铁矿,夹火山物质和热水沉积物,金含量高为特征.在含矿岩系的沉积、成岩过程中,局部可以形成贫金的含矿层,少数情况下以至于形成金矿体.含矿岩系的变质作用可能形成金矿化,或为后来的成矿作用造成有利的物理和化学环境.岩浆作用为成矿作用提供了部分成矿物质,或为改造成矿作用提供热源和动力.金矿床受构造控制,位于地热正异常区,金矿床的形成与热水沉积成矿作用、变质成矿作用、岩浆期后热液成矿作用和大气降水改造成矿作用等有关.超大型浅变质碎屑岩金矿床的形成过程持续时间长,具有多期多阶段的特点.改造成矿作用在超大型浅变质细碎屑岩型金矿床形成中起重要作用,中生代形成的超大型金矿床中,构造岩浆活化作用叠加十分重要.