Pacific decadal oscillation and European climatic anomalies

By using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data sets for 1951–2001, we study the characteristics of Pacific cyclones. It is shown that the northeast-southwest direction is predominant in the displacements of cyclones in the North Pacific. We study the variability of the field of surface atmospheric pressure in different phases of the Pacific decadal oscillation characterizing the temperature anomalies on the surface of the ocean in the region bounded by 20 and 60°N. It is shown that the decadal variations of the North Atlantic Oscillation supported by the large-scale anomalies of the Pacific decadal oscillation is the most important cause of natural decadal oscillations in the European region. We study and evaluate the regional response to the Pacific decadal oscillation by using, as an example, the analysis of variations of the discharge of European rivers. __________ Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 4, pp. 13–23, July–August, 2007.     

地形坡度对斜压大气扰动的影响

本文推导出σ坐标系斜压大气的准地转位涡方程，该方程形式与Ｐ坐标系的准地转位涡方程非常相似，但本质不同，本文还用ＷＫＢ方法讨论了大地形坡度对斜压大气扰动发展的影响。指出：东西走向山脉的南坡有利于低层大气槽线呈西北－东南向的扰动发展，也有利于高层大气槽线呈东北－西南向的扰动发展     

真鲷的营养需要及配合饲料的研究初报

本文综述了真鲷的营养需要，研究了不同植物蛋白源对真鲷生长的影响，并在此基础上设计了三种饲料配方，试验结果表明Ｉ号饲料配方的增长率最高。     

The second order spectrum of two-dimensional random waves

Ｔｈｅｓｅｃｏｎｄｏｒｄｅｒｓｐｅｃｔｒｕｍｏｆｔｗｏ－ｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌｒａｎｄｏｍｗａｖｅｓ￥ＤｉｎｇＰｉｎｇｘｉｎｇ；ＳｕｎＦｕａｎｄＹｕＺｈｏｕｗｅｎ（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＪａｎｕａｒｙ１５，１９９３；ａｃｃｅｐｔｅｄＭａｙ３１，１９９３）Ａ...     

大别山地区石榴石橄榄岩的岩石学和地球化学

本文首次对我国石榴石橄榄岩类岩石进行系统的岩石学和地球化学研究。通过对大别山地区两个不同类型岩体中的石榴石橄榄岩的岩石学、岩石化学、矿物化学和稀土元素地球化学研究,表明这类岩石属钙碱性系列超基性岩;与地幔成分相比,富集易熔元素,亏损难熔元素;利用矿物地质温压计估算其形成压力为2×10~9pa,成岩温度为600～700℃具有正铕异常和轻稀土元素富集特征 推测为地壳下部的超基性岩经深成变质而成。     

安徽宣城地区中晚更新世风成堆积与环境变迁

通过对宣城向阳中晚更新世沉积剖面的综合研究,认为该剖面与中国北方同时代的黄土—古土壤剖面相比较,虽然长江下游以南地区中晚更新世多个冰期中风成堆积的单层厚度与累积厚度,亦即风成物质的沉积通量与沉积速率均比北方黄土区要小,但它们所反映的气候与环境的变化具有明显的可比性。     

Glaciomarine sedimentation and palaeo-glacial setting of Maxwell Bay and its tributary embayment, Marian Cove, South Shetland Islands, West Antarctica

High-resolution (3.5 kHz and multi-channel) seismic profiles and piston cores were collected from Maxwell Bay and its tributary embayment, Marian Cove, in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, during the Korea Antarctic Research Program (1992/93 and 1995/96) to elucidate the glaciomarine sedimentation processes and recent glacial history of the area. Seismic data from Maxwell Bay reveal a rugged bay margin and flattened basin floor covered with well-stratified hemipelagic muds. On the base-of-slope, acoustically transparent debris flows occur, indicating downslope resedimentation of glaciomarine sediments. Despite the subpolar and ice-proximal settings of Marian Cove, the seafloor is highly rugged with a thin sediment drape, suggesting that much of the area has been recently eroded by glaciers. Sediment cores from the cove penetrated three distinct fining-upward lithofacies: (1) basal till in the lower part of the core, accumulated just seaward of the grounding line of the tidewater glacier; (2) interlaminated sand and mud in the middle part, deposited in ice-proximal zone by a combination of episodic subglacial meltwater inflow and iceberg dumping; and (3) pebbly mud in the upper part, deposited in ice-distal zone by both surface meltwater plume and ice-rafting from the glacier front. A reconstruction of the glacial history of these areas since the late glacial maximum shows an ice sheet filling Maxwell Bay in late Wisconsin time and grounding of the tidewater glacier in Marian Cove until about 1300 yr BP.     

柴达木盆地昆特依盐湖的地球化学演化与古气候变化

１９９０年用铀系年代学及古地磁对昆特依盐湖沉积物进行年代测定，探讨该湖区地球化学演化与古气候变化关系。结果表明，该区最老的盐层形成于早更新世晚期（大于７３０ｋａ），大量的盐类沉积则始于３００ｋａ左右；盐湖沉积物中元素含量变化主要受古盐度、矿物、类质同象和吸附控制；沉积物水溶Ｆ／Ｃｌ比值与古盐度成反比关系；该湖２０００ｋａ以来的古环境演变：盐层形成于干冷、偏酸性的氧化环境，泥岩层形成于湿暖、偏碱性的     

臭氧化消毒技术在海水消毒中的应用

本文从理论出发，通过大量的小型模拟实验，确立了海水流量、臭氧投加量、消毒时间三者的关系，从而制定了利用臭氧进行海水消毒净化工程的工艺流程。又经过实际工程的验证，其工艺流程是可行的，结果优于设计要求，从而创立了国内第一家利用臭氧进行海水消毒净化的优质工程，为沿海城镇以海水替代淡水提供了一个新的途径。     

On the monitoring of the thermal state of the upper ocean

This paper discusses some problems related to the development of systems of global monitoring of the sea surface temperature (SST). The characteristics of the operational SST data are considered and estimations of their accuracy are given. The applications of varoous models to the computation of SST in relation to the development of an oceanographic data assimilation system are reviewed briefly.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov.