孕震过程中几个典型形变场的实验研究

采用激光实时干涉计量技术,观测刻有不同“构造”的试样在加压过程中的形变,研究不同破裂孕育区所表现的不同应变异常场特征。其实验结果与大同6．1级地震前后的应变场分布和运用雷达差分干涉技术测量的西藏玛尼地震、张北-尚义地震后的形变结果对比发现：（1）在一个大地震前后,孕震区出现特征形变场并可以由实验验证;（2）激光实时干涉计量技术与雷达差分干涉技术相似,激光全息技术可以在各种模拟条件下研究多种形式的形变异常场特征。建议用雷达差分干涉技术测量和研究孕震过程中的形变场特别是临近大震发生前的形变场特征,并进行相应的实验和观测研究。     

中药方剂治疗阴道炎的药效与毒性实验研究

目的：采用实验研究的方法评价自拟中药方剂治疗阴道炎的药效和毒性。方法：将40只豚鼠随机分为模型对照组,地塞米松阳性药物组（0.25 mg/ml）,中药方剂高（52.00 mg/ml）、中（13.00 mg/ml）、低（3.25 mg/ml）剂量组,每组各8只。于各组豚鼠右后脚背剃毛处分别涂抹相应药物,末次给药15 min后,在点刺处依次涂抹不同浓度磷酸组胺直至豚鼠回头舔舐。大鼠脚趾肿胀模型实验分组同上。将3%甲醛注入各组大鼠脚趾内建立肿胀模型,造模成功后均匀涂抹相应药物于炎症患处。将新西兰大白兔分为染毒组和对照组,每组各3只,分别注射52 mg/ml中药原液、0.9%氯化钠注射液,每24 h重复1次,连续5 d。统计单位时间豚鼠搔抓次数及耐受磷酸组胺总量;观察大鼠脚趾肿胀消退情况并记录脚趾厚度变化;观察实验兔阴道是否水肿,HE染色检测阴道黏膜有无明显变化。结果：与模型对照组相比,中药方剂高、中、低剂量组豚鼠单位时间搔抓次数均减少,耐受磷酸组胺总量均增加,但中药方剂低剂量组效果更明显,且显著优于地塞米松阳性药物组（P<0.05）;中药方剂高、中剂量组消肿速率快,与地塞米松阳性药物组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;给药组阴道组织无明显充血和红肿现象,阴道黏膜层次清晰,与模型对照组切片无明显差异;染毒组实验兔阴道黏膜刺激指数为0.2。结论：该自制中药方剂对阴道炎具有抗炎、消肿、止痒的功效,且对阴道皮肤黏膜无刺激性,无明显毒副作用。     

地震应急基础数据库管理与更新

地震应急基础数据库是地震应急指挥系统中的核心工作内容,它对震后震区的灾情简报、震区快速评估及震区基本情况的掌握等都起着极其重要的作用。从地震应急基础数据库分类、管理、来源、更新及数据规范化等方面对地震应急基础数据库的建设进行了一系列的阐述,并对基础数据库管理和更新中可能出现的问题进行了总结。     

黑龙江呼兰河湿地藻类植物群落结构及分布特点

2009年5-10月期间对呼兰河湿地8个样点进行了5次藻类植物采样调查,经显微镜观察,共鉴定藻类植物158个分类单位,包括148种10变种,隶属于7门8纲14目23科50属.呼兰河湿地藻类群落组成以硅藻、绿藻为主,藻类植物的细胞密度变化范围在469.55×105-847.35×105 cells/L之间,不同采样点藻类...     

PALEOSEIMOLOGY AND LATE QUATERNARY SLIP RATE OF THE YOUSHASHAN FAULT AT SOUTHWESTERN MARGIN OF QAIDAM BASIN

The Youshashan Fault lies in the south flank of Yingxiongling anticline, southwestern margin of Qaidam Basin. The Yingxiongling anticline is one of the most active neotectonics, situated at the front of folds expanding southward in the Qaidam Basin. Research on the paleoseimology and Late Quaternary slip rate of this fault is important for hazard assessment and understanding tectonic deformation in this area. We excavated a 27-m-long trench across the Youshashan fault where a pressure bridge formed on the Holocene alluvial fans, measured a profile of the fold scarp created by the fault west of the Youshashan mountain, and collected several samples of finer sands for luminescence dating. Analysis of these data shows that(1) The Youshashan Fault is a Holocene active feature. The fold scarp in the basin indicates that this fault has been active along a same surface trace since at least mid-late Pleistocene. At least two paleoseismic events are revealed by trenching, both occurred in Holocene. The latest event Ⅱ in the trench happened after 500a. The current information fails to confidently support that it is the 1977 Mangya M6.4 earthquake, but cannot excludes the possibility of it is related to this earthquake. The other event Ⅰ occurred about between 1 000a to 4 000a. Erosion after the event Ⅰ prevents us to constrain the event age and to identify more events further. (2)The vertical slip rate of the Youshashan fault is about(0.38±0.06)mm/a since mid-late Pleistocene. Comparing with relative speeds of GPS sites across the Yingxiongling anticline suggests that the Youshashan fault is an important structure which is accommodating crustal shortening in this region.     

Molecular phylogeny of the genus Clibanarius(Decapoda: Anomura: Diogenidae) based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences

Clibanarius,a genus of hermit crabs,is one of the most diverse genera within Diogenidae.However,studies on the phylogeny within Clibcanarius is very limited.We reconstruct the molecular phylogeny of the genus Clibanarius based on two mitochondrial(16 S rRNA and COI)and two nuclear protein-coding(NaK and PEPCK)genes using a multigene phylogenetic approach.Eleven selected Clibanarius species from the Indo-West Pacific are analyzed and the Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses produced identical results in topology.Results suggest that C.rutilus and C.infraspinatus are more closely related to each other than to C.snelliusi,and C.striolatus shows a close relationship to C.longitarsus.The close association of C.merguiensis with C.englaucus and C.humilis is strongly supported by the divergence of C.virescens from them.Our phylogenetic results contradict the morphological classification scheme proposed for Clibanarius and indicate that the relative length of dactyls and propodi is not phylogenetically significant in Clibanarius.In addition,we speculate that the morphological characteristic of the median cleft of the telson might be phylogenetically important for Clibanarius.     

基于单矢量水听器四种方位估计方法

单矢量水听器能同时拾取声场的声压和振速信息,可以估计目标方位。根据不同的噪声背景和信号形式,单矢量水听器有多种方位估计方法。平均声强器的处理方法能很好地抗各向同性的非相干干扰;线谱方位估计能有效检测辐射线谱信号的目标,并进行目标方位估计。当宽带信号中存在线谱相干干扰,以及线谱信号被宽带相干噪声干扰时,上述两种方法不能检测目标。为解决这个问题,新提出了直方图和加权直方图两种方法,直方图方位估计法能抗强线谱相干干扰,并能区分含线谱的多目标;加权直方图方位估计法能从宽带相干干扰中检测目标,估计目标方位。并着重介绍了后两种方法的原理,对四种方法进行了计算机仿真,并用海试结果验证了上述结论。     

安徽巢湖平顶山西坡剖面印度阶与奥伦尼克阶界线层高分辨率牙形石生物地层

下三叠统印度阶与奥伦尼克阶全球候选层型剖面之一的中国安徽省巢湖市平顶山西坡剖面界线层,经连续不间断采样获得大量牙形石化石并进行详细的分带工作,建立了该界线层牙形石生物地层.由下往上划分为:1.Neospathodus dieneri带;2.N.waageni带.前者依次分为3个亚带:N.dieneri Morphotype1亚带,N.dieneri Morphotype2亚带和N.dieneri Morphotype3亚带.牙形石带可与该界线层的菊石带进行很好的对比;在详细区分牙形石Neospathodus属内各种特征的基础上,结合地层分布情况,跨越印度阶与奥伦尼克阶界线,演化谱系十分明显,牙形石N.dieneri Morphotype3在奥伦尼克阶之底即Smithian初期演化为:N.dieneri Morphotype3→N.waageni→N.pingdingshanensis、Neos-pathodus dieneri Morphotype3→N.waageni(细齿直立型)→N.n.sp.R和Neospathodus dieneri Morphotype3→N.pakistanensis.从谱系演化的观点出发认为:N.waageni的首现点作为奥伦尼克阶底界是合理的,并在该剖面确定了印度阶与奥伦尼克阶界线位于第24-16层,距剖面大隆组与殷坑组界线40.49m处.     

苏鲁超高压变质带北部地球物理调查(Ⅱ)——非地震方法

在北苏鲁超高压变质带(UHPM)上开展了深反射地震的同时,进行了大地电磁、地磁、放射性测量和重磁编图.本文介绍用这些方法取得的结果.两条区域性的地球物理剖面总长126km,经过二维反演取得了电阻率和磁性体剖面.结果表明:(1)大地电磁等综合地球物理资料与深反射地震剖面的推断结果基本一致,同样反映了UHPM岩块的俯冲折返与后期的隆升.(2)非地震地球物理资料不仅为地震解释提供约束,还可以提供地热流上涌、断裂和磁性体分布等更多的信息.(3)新发现莒南-海州北北西向断裂,对研究本区构造演化有重要意义.(4)根据地热流上涌、侵入体多和高波速体埋藏较深等特征,认为在本区进行科学钻探不够理想.     

对我国绿洲遥感研究的审视与展望

对近年来中国绿洲研究中遥感技术应用状况，从绿洲的形成演变、绿洲水资源、绿洲土地资源利用与覆被变化、绿洲农业资源以及绿洲生态环境研究等5个方面加以总结，进而分析遥感技术在绿洲学研究中存在的主要问题，并对未来遥感技术在绿洲学研究与应用的发展方向进行了分析。