鄂北致密薄储层地震响应特征分析

鄂尔多斯盆地北部大牛地气田塔巴庙区块致密薄层发育。利用岩石物理等数据的物性参数,对不同储集条件下的薄层、薄互层进行地震正演分析。结果表明:在薄层特别是薄互层条件下,叠前波场响应特征十分复杂,有别于常规AVO类型的变化规律,且含气层和干层的响应特征有明显差异。根据叠前地震波场的响应特征和不同的变化规律可以细化薄层研究,进一步识别储集类型。     

理塘县卡辉地区温泉形成模式分析

卡辉地区出露4处温泉群,泉点达30余处。本文从该地温泉的分布、水化学特征、热源、地热地质构造和补排条件方面,分析温泉形成模式,为区内地热资源开发利用提供地质参考。     

四川大光包-黄洞子沟特大泥石流基本特征、成因及危险性评价

2013年7月8~10日四川省由于普降暴雨,发生多起泥石流、滑坡等地质灾害。在野外调查的基础上,对大光包-黄洞子沟特大泥石流形成原因进行分析,对未来发展趋势做出预测和危险性评价。调查结果表明:1大光包-黄洞子沟泥石流属于典型的沟谷型泥石流,可分为形成区-流通区-堆积区。2本次泥石流形成原因为体积高达1×108 m3以上的松散的大光包滑坡堆积体提供物源;极端的降雨气候直接启动松散堆积物形成泥石流;地形条件有利于泥石流侵蚀、搬运和堆积,为典型的滑坡-碎屑流-泥石流型,且仍处于活跃期,并在今后会有加强的趋势。3经过对大光包-黄洞子沟泥石流进行危险度评价可知:该泥石流危险度为0.482,属于中度危险泥石流。     

天水市“7.25”群发性山洪地质灾害发育特征及成因分析

通过对天水市"7.25"群发性山洪地质灾害的现场调查,系统查明了此次地质灾害的灾情、致灾因素、灾害特征、致灾范围以及分布规律,分析了此次山洪地质灾害发育特征及成因。结果表明:本次由强降雨引发并加剧的地质灾害类型主要以黄土-泥岩及黄土滑坡为主,中小型沟谷泥石流、土质崩塌和土质不稳定斜坡次之。"7.25"山洪地质灾害具有普遍性、群发性、局地爆发性等特征,其隐蔽性强,潜在危害大,灾害链模式显著。灾害发生期间降雨具有强度大、范围广等特点,使区内山体岩土体饱和,显著降低了岩土体抗剪强度,加之与地震的叠加效应明显加剧了此次群发性山洪地质灾害。     

辽西花坤头营子地区旋卷构造特征浅析

辽宁西部花坤头营子地区旋卷构造是板块碰撞陆内造山作用结果.该构造由内环、外环及推覆体三部分组成.内环为一个完整的莲花状构造体系,由中心向外,岩石地层单位呈一圈一圈的,由老向新排列.外环为以雾迷山组为主体的北东向的瓦房子复背斜核部.内环与外环以塌陷断层、旋转挤压断层分隔.与该构造有关的矿产有铅锌、锰矿.     

江西武宁县石门寺钨铜矿区风化作用过程中W、Cu等元素的表生地球化学行为(之一)

以江西省武宁县石门寺钨铜矿区燕山期和晋宁期岩体风化作用过程中W、Cu等元素的表生地球化学行为为研究对象,通过反映风化程度的化学风化指数CIA、风化作用过程中组分得失的估算、不同介质中W、Cu等成矿元素的含量变化及大离子亲石元素表生地球化学行为等方法的研究表明,石门寺钨铜矿区2个时期岩体元素淋失与风化强度有关,土壤剖面中碱金属、碱土金属元素大量淋失,而W、Cu等成矿元素在土壤B层中显著富集;从岩石到土壤、再到水系沉积物风化过程中,W、Cu等成矿元素含量逐渐升高,为此,一级水系沉积物和B层土壤是赣北九岭W、Sn、Cu、Mo多金属矿集区地球化学找矿的绝佳采样介质,是矿集区内找矿新突破的有效手段。     

沁水盆地煤层气成藏主控因素与成藏模式分析

沁水盆地石炭-二叠系煤层厚度大、分布稳定、演化程度高,具有良好的煤层气勘探潜力,是目前国内首个成功商业化开发的煤层气盆地。基于研究区已有地质成果,对影响沁水盆地煤层气富集成藏的主控地质因素与成藏模式进行分析,认为构造运动、水动力条件、煤层埋深、煤岩组成及热演化程度是控制沁水盆地煤层气成藏的主要地质因素,高镜质组含量、高热演化程度、弱水动力条件和较大的埋深是煤层气成藏的有利条件,向斜是煤层气富集成藏的有利部位。     

External seismic stability of vertical geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls using pseudo-static method

Analysis of external stability of vertical geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) walls is very important in the seismic prone zone. The scope of this paper is to obtain required minimum reinforcement length, L _min, for external seismic stability of vertical GRS walls by pseudo-static limit equilibrium method. Then, L _min can be calculated to resist sliding, eccentricity, and bearing capacity failure modes. The parameters considered include both horizontal and vertical seismic coefficients (k _h and k _v ), surcharge load (q), wall height (H) and the properties of retained backfill, GRS, and foundation soil. Results show that L _min against sliding failure mode, L _min,S , increases more quickly than that against the other two failure modes with the increase in k _h , q, or unit weight of retained backfill, γ _b , while L _min,S decreases more quickly than that against the other two failure modes with increase in friction angle of retained backfill, ? _b , or unit weight of GRS, γ _r . For the different failure modes, the effect of k _v on L _min is not identical with the change of k _h , and in addition, L _min/H will tend to remain unchanged with the increase in H. In general, L _min against bearing capacity failure mode, L _min,BC, is larger than L _min against the other two failure modes. However, L _min,BC will be less than L _min against eccentricity failure mode, L _min,E , for k _h exceeding 0.35, or friction angle of foundation soil, ? _f , exceeding 37°, and L _min,BC will also be less than L _min,S for friction angle of GRS, ? _r , being no more than 26°.     

Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemistry of the monzonitic granite in Rongguo area in Middle Gangdise Belt

In order to determine the geochronology, petrogenesis and tectonic background of the monzonitic granite in Rongguo area, the authors conducted the research on petrology, LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry. The results show that the zircons from the monzonitic granite are of magmatic genesis, and the zircon ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U dating is (69±1) Ma, belonging to the Late Cretaceous. Al₂O₃, Na₂O, K₂O contents and K₂O/Na₂O ratio are 13.83%~14.41%, 3.68%~3.94%, 4.28%~4.35% and 1.08~1.18 respectively. The average aluminum saturation index (A/CNK) is 1.02, belonging to the weak peraluminous series. The rocks are enriched in LILE (Rb,U,K), strongly depleted in HFSE (Nb, Ta, Ti, etc.). Combined with the study of regional tectonics, the authors insisted that magma activity had not stopped from 80 to 69 Ma. The rock mass is the magmatic product of the subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean, forming in the orogenic environment during the whole orogenic movement period.     

云南干旱“常态化”的分析

近年来云南持续发生严重干旱,云南干旱是否日趋"常态化"成为社会各界关心的一个热点问题,相关报道不断见诸媒体。本文从水文的角度对云南省的历史干旱、水文要素以及趋势预测等方面进行了深入的分析。在历史依据和现代气象水文观测数据的支撑下,考察近100年来全球增暖可能导致部分地区干旱化的可能,从而认为近年来提出的云南干旱"常态化"存在科学依据;但干旱"常态化"仅能局限于近现代时期这一时间范畴,对于今后更长时期云南省干旱发展趋势,依据现有技术手段及研究成果尚难以判断把握。