金矿自然重砂矿物组合规律及其找矿指示意义

对云南、海南、江西、湖北、河南、新疆、浙江、山东、辽宁等27个省185个典型金矿床的自然重砂矿物进行统计分析,发现自然重砂矿物对金矿具有良好的响应,自然金、黄铁矿、方铅矿、黄铜矿、白铅矿、辰砂等对寻找金矿具有指示意义。不同成因类型的金矿床反映出的自然重砂矿物组合不同,斑岩型金矿床的标型指示矿物组合为自然金+黄铁矿+方铅矿+重晶石+闪锌矿+白铅矿+金红石,卡林型—类卡林型金矿床的标型指示矿物组合为自然金+黄铁矿+方铅矿+辉锑矿+毒砂+雄(雌)黄,而造山型+矽卡岩型+热液型+构造蚀变岩型金矿床的标型指示矿物组合为自然金+黄铁矿+方铅矿+辰砂。不同区域的金矿床反映出的自然重砂矿物组合也各有差异,闪锌矿为南方各省金矿床的特征矿物,辰砂和白钨矿为北方地区金矿床的特征矿物,重晶石和白铅矿为西部地区金矿的特征矿物。综合研究认为,自然重砂具有直接找矿和指导找矿的作用,按照特定成因类型和区域金矿床所建立的自然重砂矿物组合对建立矿床找矿模型具有重要的意义。     

Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemistry of the monzonitic granite in Rongguo area in Middle Gangdise Belt

In order to determine the geochronology, petrogenesis and tectonic background of the monzonitic granite in Rongguo area, the authors conducted the research on petrology, LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry. The results show that the zircons from the monzonitic granite are of magmatic genesis, and the zircon ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U dating is (69±1) Ma, belonging to the Late Cretaceous. Al₂O₃, Na₂O, K₂O contents and K₂O/Na₂O ratio are 13.83%~14.41%, 3.68%~3.94%, 4.28%~4.35% and 1.08~1.18 respectively. The average aluminum saturation index (A/CNK) is 1.02, belonging to the weak peraluminous series. The rocks are enriched in LILE (Rb,U,K), strongly depleted in HFSE (Nb, Ta, Ti, etc.). Combined with the study of regional tectonics, the authors insisted that magma activity had not stopped from 80 to 69 Ma. The rock mass is the magmatic product of the subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean, forming in the orogenic environment during the whole orogenic movement period.     

Analysis of hydrogeolgical characteristics and water environmental impact pathway of typical shale gas exploration and development zones in Sichuan Basin,China

Studying the influence of shale gas exploration and development on groundwater environment is the basis of guiding water environment protection in the process of shale gas exploration and development. Groundwater environmental pollution is concealed, complex and persistent. Once it is difficult to control the pollution, the current commercial shale gas development zones in Sichuan Basin that are mostly located in karst areas and highly sensitive to groundwater will be vulnerable to the impact of shale gas exploration and development. Based on the hydrogeological conditions of shale gas exploration and development area and combined with engineering analysis of exploration and development, various risk pathways that may affect the groundwater environment during process of shale gas exploration, mining well construction, mining operations and other stages were identified in this paper. Some existing risk pathways were proved by verification of typical areas and should not be ignored. Based on the actual situation of typical areas, the countermeasures of groundwater environmental protection in the process of shale gas exploration and development in karst areas were discussed. It is believed that the ground-water environment can be better protected by strengthening administration, research and application of new technologies, precise design, hydrogeological conditions, and research and feedback of groundwater environmental protection.     

Characteristics of shallow geothermal fields in major cities of Tibet Autonomous Region

Based on the project titled “Investigation and evaluation of shallow geothermal energy in major cities of Tibet Autonomous Region”, the distribution characteristics and occurrence conditions of shallow geothermal fields in these cities were introduced in this paper. To this end, relevant data in Lhasa, Shigatse and Nyingchi Cities through vertical thermometry was a focus, so as to analyze groundwater temperature and the distribution law of strata with constant temperature. Then through comprehensive comparisons and analysis of the relationship between groundwater temperature and climate, differences in this aspect of Nagqu City were taken as a typical case to clarify formation of geothermal field and corresponding influence on groundwater temperature, furthermore providing basic data for rational development and utilization of shallow geothermal energy in Tibet Autonomous Region.     

巴丹吉林盆地沙枣泉铀矿床成矿特征与成矿模式

巴丹吉林盆地是我国砂岩型铀矿产地之一。笔者通过沙枣泉地区地质调查、钻探查证和地球化学分析等,对该区铀成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征进行研究,重点探讨了沙枣泉铀矿床成因和成矿模式。依据沙枣泉地区的构造及盆地演化、铀矿化特征、控矿因素和成矿年龄等,认为区内铀成矿具有两阶段特征:即同生预富集矿化阶段和后生氧化改造富集成矿阶段;铀矿体主要赋存在早白垩世晚期的构造-沉积转化面,产于盆地形成后由于构造运动所产生的向斜凹陷部位。     

云南干旱“常态化”的分析

近年来云南持续发生严重干旱,云南干旱是否日趋"常态化"成为社会各界关心的一个热点问题,相关报道不断见诸媒体。本文从水文的角度对云南省的历史干旱、水文要素以及趋势预测等方面进行了深入的分析。在历史依据和现代气象水文观测数据的支撑下,考察近100年来全球增暖可能导致部分地区干旱化的可能,从而认为近年来提出的云南干旱"常态化"存在科学依据;但干旱"常态化"仅能局限于近现代时期这一时间范畴,对于今后更长时期云南省干旱发展趋势,依据现有技术手段及研究成果尚难以判断把握。     

汶川地震断裂带科学钻探（WFSD）项目钻探和测井课题组织实施经验与体会

简要介绍了汶川地震断裂带科学钻探项目的组织管理机构及管理方式,重点介绍了其中的钻探与测井课题的组织实施方式。本课题在龙门山断裂带上实施了5口钻孔,历时6年。钻探施工经历了从承包制到日费制的变化,后来在日费制中引入了激励机制。总结了现场管理的有效做法,探讨了适合于复杂地层科学钻探的管理模式,其经验和体会对类似项目具有借鉴意义。     

汶川地震断裂带科学钻探项目钻探工程实施总结

介绍了汶川地震断裂带科学钻探项目的钻探工程实施情况,包括完成的钻孔情况、钻探施工中遇到的技术难题,以及为解决这些难题开展的钻探技术研发和钻探工程的组织管理等。     

贵州省贞丰县雄黄岩金矿床地质特征及找矿方向

雄黄岩金矿床位于黔西南灰家堡矿田东段,矿床受灰家堡背斜控制,矿床位于灰家堡背斜东段枢纽产状由缓变陡地段,主要矿体赋存于中上二叠统茅口组与龙潭组岩溶不整合面构造蚀变体中,矿体分布于背斜核部800 m,矿体规模大;其次赋存于龙潭组中上部不纯碳酸盐岩中,矿体分布于背斜核部300～500 m.构造蚀变体普遍具金矿化,能否形成工业矿体受卷入地层厚度、岩性组合、蚀变强弱及古岩溶地貌等因素控制.通过对该矿床地质特征的研究,特别是构造蚀变体矿化研究和深部地球探测,认为在该区沿灰家堡背斜轴线向东延伸段、两翼构造蚀变体及北翼F101断层带中仍有矿体存在,具有较好的找矿远景.     

脉状铅锌（铜、银）多金属热液矿床研究进展

目前在矿床学分类研究中对沉积岩容贱金属矿床的命名和分类尚未统一,其中一类赋矿围岩为沉积岩、矿体受构造(断层、褶皱等)控制呈脉状产出的、成矿金属为铅锌铜银多金属的矿床成为缺失环节,缺少系统的归纳总结。但该类矿床是造山作用的产物,对其进行归纳综合分析,有助于了解造山作用中的矿质迁移和沉淀过程。本文将该类矿床资料收集,对其成矿特征、控矿构造、成矿流体、矿质来源等进行分析总结。研究表明,此类矿床与造山作用或造山带有着紧密的联系。成矿物质表现为多源性,包括基底围岩、岩浆来源以及幔源贡献。成矿流体具有岩浆流体、变质流体、盆地卤水等多种来源,部分矿床的成矿流体受大气水影响。该类型矿床与MVT铅锌矿床有相似之处,但在成矿环境、控矿因素、金属来源以及成矿流体来源等方面有较大差异。