Microbial diversity in Huguangyan Maar Lake of China revealed by high-throughput sequencing

Huguangyan Maar Lake is a typical maar lake in the southeast of China. It is well preserved and not disturbed by anthropogenic activities. In this study, microbial community structures in sediment and water samples from Huguangyan Maar Lake were investigated using a high-throughput sequencing method. We found significant differences between the microbial community compositions of the water and the sediment. The sediment samples contained more diverse Bacteria and Archaea than did the water samples. Actinobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Deltaproteobacteria predominated in the water samples while Deltaproteobacteria, Anaerolineae, Nitrospira, and Dehalococcoidia were the major bacterial groups in the sediment. As for Archaea, Woesearchaeota (DHVEG-6), unclassified Archaea, and Deep Sea Euryarchaeotic Group were detected at higher abundances in the water, whereas the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotic Group, Thermoplasmata, and Methanomicrobia were significantly more abundant in the sediment. Interactions between Bacteria and Archaea were common in both the water column and the sediment. The concentrations of major nutrients (NO^3-, PO4^3-, SiO3^2- and NH4^+) shaped the microbial population structures in the water. At the higher phylogenetic levels including phylum and class, many of the dominant groups were those that were also abundant in other lakes;however, novel microbial populations (unclassified) were often seen at the lower phylogenetic levels. Our study lays a foundation for examining microbial biogeochemical cycling in sequestered lakes or reservoirs.     

不同GPS掩星电离层剖面产品相关性分析

将在一定时空限定范围内的不同低轨卫星COSMIC、GRACE、CHAMP、FY3C的电离层掩星电子密度剖面定义为一个掩星对来对比分析不同类型掩星电离层产品。结果表明：COSMIC掩星对之间的电子密度剖面整体轮廓符合得很好,电子密度剖面主要在250 km以下和500 km以上存在较大的偏差,250~500 km的电子密度整体偏差较小,统计得到的COSMIC掩星对的电子密度参量NmF2和hmF2的相关系数能分别达到0.99和0.97,具有高度相关性,不同COSMIC卫星之间没有明显的系统误差;COSMIC、GRACE、CHAMP和FY3C不同低轨卫星间的电子密度剖面略有差异,通过统计电子密度参量NmF2和hmF2之间的相关系数,COSMIC和CHAMP的相关系数分别为0.95和0.86,COSMIC和GRACE的相关系数分别为0.98和0.94,COSMIC和FY3C的相关系数分别为0.96和0.92,不同掩星类型之间的电子密度参量之间也具有高度相关性,验证了不同卫星任务GPS掩星电离层剖面的一致性。     

Numerical simulation and preliminary analysis of typhoon waves during three typhoons in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea

In this study,typhoon waves generated during three typhoons(Damrey(1210),Fung-wong(1416),and Chan-hom(1509))in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea were simulated in a simulating waves nearshore(SWAN)model,and the wind forcing was constructed by combining reanalyzed wind data with a Holland typhoon wind model.Various parameters,such as the Holland fitting parameter(B)and the maximum wind radius?,were investigated in sensitivity experiments in the Holland model that affect the wind field construction.Six different formulations were considered and the parameters determined by comparing the simulated wind results with in-situ wind measurements.The key factors affecting wave growth and dissipation processes from deep to shallow waters were studied,including wind input,whitecapping,and bottom friction.Comparison with in-situ wave measurements suggested that the KOMEN scheme(wind input exponential growth and whitecapping energy dissipation)and the JONSWAP scheme(dissipation of bottom friction)resulted in good reproduction of the significant wave height of typhoon waves.A preliminary analysis of the wave characteristics in terms of wind-sea and swell wave revealed that swell waves dominated with the distance of R to the eye of the typhoon,while wind-sea prevailed in the outer region up to six to eight times the R values despite a clear misalignment between wind and waves.The results support the hypothesis that nonlinear wave-wave interactions may play a key role in the formation of wave characteristics.     

人工冻土观测的冻点对应的土壤温度研究

基于2018年12月至2020年3月喀左、沈阳、辽阳、满洲里4个国家级地面气象站人工冻土器与测温式冻土自动观测仪观测的资料,对人工冻土观测获得的冻点与测温式冻土自动观测仪获得的相应深度的温度进行对比分析.结果表明:人工冻土器获取的冻点对应的土壤温度与0℃总体一致,又不完全重合;0—35 cm深度范围,冻点对应的温度变化...     

二连盆地赛汉塔拉凹陷腾二段低熟油地球化学特征和油源对比

赛汉塔拉凹陷位于二连盆地腾格尔坳陷西部,是二连盆地低熟油分布区.采用有机地球化学和生物标志物分析方法,对赛汉塔拉凹陷下白垩统腾二段低熟原油和油砂样品进行了地球化学特征和油源对比研究.赛汉塔拉凹陷腾二段低熟油具有饱和烃含量相对较低、非烃和沥青质含量相对较高的族组成特征,正构烷烃分布以前峰型为主,主峰碳为C21或C23,P...     

一种移动式海洋地震仪的硬件电路研究

针对移动式海洋地震仪对控制系统电路设计的可靠性和低功耗的需求,提出了一种基于Cor-tex-M4内核芯片的硬件电路设计方案.首先选用超低功耗的STM32L4芯片作为微控制单元,在保证高运行能力的同时降低自身功耗;其次针对MCU(Microprogrammed Control Unit)、传感器等超低功耗模块提出针对性的...     

利用臭氧氧化发光光谱特征检测水质污染

利用不同的污染物质在被臭氧氧化时发光特性不同的原理检测水质污染。检测出来的发光光谱与不同污染源的特征光谱进行对比,辅助发光时序等特征,检测几种污染物的含量和确定污染源。对涉及的有关技术问题进行了探讨。     

海泥环境中阴极保护的边界元计算

根据阴极保护的特点,建立了用于数值计算的模型;采用边界元方法对海泥介质中的阴极保护系统进行了计算,获得了海泥中钢管表面以及海泥介质内部的电位分布。将计算的结果与测量的数据进行比较,两者具有较好的一致性。     

转基因微藻作为新型生物反应器的研究进展

转基因微藻作为生物反应器生产生物活性物质已成为基因工程研究的热点之一。目前以转基因微藻作为生物反应器的技术并不十分成熟,然而许多科研人员及生物医药公司将微藻作为新型生物反应器生产有用的外源蛋白。本文对微藻生物反应器构建中的有效核转化方法的建立、转基因微藻中所用的启动子、筛选标记、稳定表达等问题进行了综述,同时介绍了目前转化成功的以及未来可能转化成功的有潜在应用价值的微藻。     

产杀虫活性物质海洋放线菌的筛选和初步鉴定

从浙江宁波海域的滩涂泥样中分离到54株海洋放线菌,用卤虫液体测定法进行了杀虫活性菌株的筛选,结果显示多株放线菌具有较高的杀虫活性,菌株XS902,XS904,BL803,BL807对卤虫的ID50高达100以上。同时研究了XS904活性菌株的形态培养特征和生理生化特征,初步鉴定该菌株属于链霉菌属。