全国1∶50万环境地质调查信息系统开发初探

即将完成的全国分省(区、市)1∶50万环境地质调查取得了丰富的、系统的、海量的、最新的调查信息。为全面提升国土环境地质调查研究程度和水平,根据多用户的需求,从信息集成模块和综合研究模块入手,构建了包括文字资料查询、图形及空间数据库查询和综合研究成果查询3个子系统在内的全国1∶50万环境地质调查信息系统,可建设成为国土资源地质环境主管部门的宏观决策信息支持系统。     

MagiX PRO X射线荧光光谱仪在多目标地球化学调查中的应用

X射线荧光光谱分析从20世纪80年代起就成为我国化探扫面分析最有效的手段之一[1]。进入21世纪后，新一轮目标地球化学调查工作全面展开，对分析准确度和检出限提出了更高的要求[2]，使用PHILIPS公司生产的新型MagiX PRO X射线荧光光谱仪进行多目标地球化学调查样品的多元素分析。经对5000多试样分析结果表明，该仪器可分析39个元素，其中内检合格率在96％以上的有23个元素，并首次给出Cl、Br、TI等元素的结果。     

Geochemical Constraints of Sediments on the Provenance, Depositional Environment and Tectonic Setting of the Songliao Prototype Basin

The geochemistry of sediments is primarily controlled by their provenances, and different tectonic settings have distinctive provenance characteristics and sedimentary processes. So, it is possible to discriminate provenances, depositional environments and tectonic settings in the development of a sedimentary basin with the geochemistry of the clastic rocks. The analytical results of the present paper demonstrate that sediments in the Songliao prototype basin are enriched in silica (SiO2=66.48-80.51 %), and their ΣREE are 30-130 dmes of that of chondrite with remarkable Eu anomalies. In discriminating diagrams of Eu/Eu vs eeeeeREE and (La/Yb)N vs ΣREE, most samples locate above the line Eu/ Eu=l, on the right of the line Eu/Eu/ΣREE=1 and under the line La/Yb)N/eeeeeREE=1/8, which indicates that the depositional environment of sediments in the basin was oxidizing. In addition, variations of MgO, TiO2, A12O3, FeO+Fe2O3, Na2O and CaO vs SiO2 reflect a tendency of increasing mineral maturity of sediments     

Geochemical and Nd, Sr Isotopic Study of the Post-Orogenic Granites in the Yidun Arc Belt of Northern Sanjiang Region, Southwestern China

Abstract: In the arc (basin)–back area of the Yidun arc belt in the north segment of the Sanjiang tectonic zone, southwestern China, there occurs a post‐orogenic granite belt extending for more than 300 km in NNW direction. It strides across two different tectonic units of the arc (basin)–back area and the subduction area, and is accompanied by extensive Ag‐Sn polymetal–lic mineralizations. More than ten granite bodies have very similar geochemical characteristics: high SiO₂ (73.8–76.3 wt%) and K₂O+Na₂O (7.16‐8.41 %), and low Al₂O₃ (11.9–13.6 %), CaO (0.46‐1.54 %) and MgO (0.16‐0.61 %), as well as high enrichment of Nb, Ta, Ga and Y, and strong depletion of Sr and Eu. Most of these features are peculiar to A‐type granite. Rb‐Sr and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar isotopic dating results indicate that the formation ages of the granites decrease from 103.7 Ma of the north end to 75.2 Ma near the south end, and that the magmatism became younger from north to south. The tectonic environment analysis clearly reveals that they were formed in post‐orogenic within–plate extension settings. The magma genesis was controlled by a united crustal extension regime after the arc‐continent collision. The granites have low _Nd values ranging from –4.96 to –8.40, whereas the _Sr values vary greatly ranging from –31.7 to 296, reflecting that the source composition transited from mantle – differentiated igneous rocks in the north to basement – dominated metamorphosed sedimentary rocks in the south. Under high temperature and water‐absent conditions, the anatexes of the crustal rocks made a great amount of plagioclase separated from melts and left in magma sources. Through this mechanism, the post‐orogenic granites took geo‐chemical characteristics such as low Al₂O₃ and CaO, and strong depletion of Sr and Eu.     

鄂尔多斯盆地地下水勘查

鄂尔多斯盆地矿产资源丰富，生态环境脆弱，地下水资源分布不均，水质复杂。在研究盆地周边岩溶区岩溶发育规律，地下水富集规律，地下水的补给、径流、排泄条件的基础上，将周边岩溶区划分为9个岩溶水系统，进一步划分为25个岩溶水子系统。白垩系自流盆地初步揭示了深部赋存有丰富的地下水，地下水受岩相古地理、地下水补径排条件等控制，水质差异较大。总结了东部黄土覆盖区的地下水类型及开发利用模式。     

房产面积测算方法及精度分析

文章简要论述了房产面积测算的施测方法 ,对特殊结构不规则房屋测量的技术要领 ,以及相关的精度进行了评定与分析。     

面向地质建模的三维体元拓扑数据模型研究

在对地质对象的基本特征和计算机三维地质建模的基本要求进行讨论的基础上，提出了面向对象的三维体元拓扑数据模型。在该数据模型中，用面向对象的方法将地质对象抽象为点、线、面、体，体类又进一步划分为复合体、复杂体、简单体和体元四类。对所有对象类设计了12种拓扑关系和相应的数据结构。     

相干体技术算法改进及其在TJH地区的应用

相干体技术是近年来地震勘探在资料解释方面的重要突破。与原来揭示地下异常体的方法相比,相干体可以更清楚地识别断层和地层特征。由于相干体是通过三维地震数据体计算得到,用传统方法计算需要运行较长时间。笔者在理论分析的基础上,提出了改进的相干体算法,开发了相应的软件,并在大港油田TJH地区得到了成功应用。     

离散光滑插值方法在地球物理位场中的快速实现

研究并探讨了1种新的插值方法-离散光滑插值方法及其在地球物理位场中的快速实现。首先由待插值点与巳知点之间的拓扑关系建立线性约束，进一步结合场满足Laplace方程，建立离散光滑插值联立方程组，采用预条件共轭梯度求解该方程组。为更好地提高计算效率，在求解过程中采用螺旋坐标系和Wilson-Burg谱分解，将二维数据转换到一维空间处理。通过理论模型和实际资料计算，该方法适合地球物理位场特征，插值效果好，速度快。     

东营市季、年降水量与北半球500hPa高度场的相关关系及其预报

用滚动式相关分析方法分析了营市季、年降水量与500hPa高度场的相关关系。用相关显著的典型因子场做季、年降水量预报，效果良好。