建筑物沉降监测专家分析系统设计与开发

建筑物沉降监测数据分析与处理是一项较复杂的系统工程,本文从自动化处理观点出发,介绍了设计沉降监测专家分析系统的咨询新理念和主体思想,探讨了开发选用的数学模型与开发过程,以期为相关变形监测与分析提供帮助和启示.     

国内绝对重力观测比对

介绍2006年和2008年中国地震局地震研究所与国家测绘局第一测量大队绝对重力测量比对的概况,分析观测和比对结果表明,绝对重力仪FG5/214与FG5/232具有较好的一致性,二者几乎不存在系统误差.FG5/214与FG5/232具有较强的抗干扰能力,重复性很好,内符合测量精度为±(2～3)μCal.     

成都洛带上沙溪庙组气藏地层水分布特征研究

成都洛带沙溪庙组气藏普遍含水,气藏不同位置地层水含量对于天然气的产量及产出时间有很大的影响。地层水矿化度较高,属CaCl2型,具混合水的水化学特征。地层水与天然气共同赋存同一储层中,属于同一压力系统,与天然气伴生产出,无边、底水存在,缺乏有效补给。含水层往往分布于有利的沉积微相一分流河道及河口坝中,厚度大、物性好的砂体含水特征更为明显。通过对该气藏水水化学特征及气水关系的研究,初步明确了该地层水的分布特征。     

基于OOSEVM的城乡地籍一体化数据组织方法

在定义了面向对象空间实体矢量模型(OOSEVM)的基础上,结合城乡一体化地籍管理的实际需求,设计基于OOSEVM城乡一体化地籍数据组织形式,具体包括基于OOSEVM的城乡地籍一体化对象体系构成以及基于OOSEVM的地籍信息数据库的构建方法。该数据组织方法的提出可有效地解决地籍信息的多属性、多时态和一体化等问题,实现城乡地籍数据的无缝集成以及土地利用管理和权属管理的一体化。     

准噶尔盆地中部III 区块原油中25-降藿烷分布特征与成因意义

通过对准噶尔盆地中部Ш区块原油或油砂抽提物的饱和烃气相色谱-质谱分析,研究了原油或油砂抽提物中25-降藿烷的分布规律.结果表明,不同井区或同一口井不同深度(层位)的原油25-降藿烷的相对含量存在比较明显的差别,表明其所遭受的生物降解程度有所差异,沿构造带从南到北,同一油层中原油的生物降解程度增强,比如位于构造北部(构造部位相对较高)的永1井、永3井侏罗系原油25-降藿烷丰度较高,表明生物降解比较明显,而位于南部(构造低部位)的永6井白垩系和侏罗系油层中的原油均无明显的生物降解现象;同一口井随深度增大生物降解作用将弱,如永2井浅部白垩系油层的原油降解较严重,而深部西山窑组的原油降解作用则不明显.根据原油生物降解的特征,结合车-莫古隆起调整对研究区油气成藏的影响,讨论了原油生物降解差异分布的成因机制.     

GPS PPK远距离在航潮位测量及其在航道的实现

在分析传统潮位测量方法、潮位模型及GPS RTK潮位测量缺陷的基础上,给出GPS PPK远距离在航潮位测量的方法。系统地研究GPS PPK在航潮位测量、数据处理的基本理论和流程,并对潮位测量和数据处理中的GPS PPK高程质量控制、船舶姿态改正、动态吃水改正、潮位数据提取、垂直基准转换5个关键问题进行深入研究,最终确定测量船测量期间的在航潮位。试验结果表明,GPS PPK在航潮位测量方法具有实施简便、精度较高及稳定、可靠、作用距离长等优势,可广泛应用于航道在航潮位测量中。     

Interactive 3-D computation of fault surfaces using level sets

Deformable implicit surfaces, implemented with level set methods, have demonstrated a great potential in the computational sciences for applications such as modeling, simulation, and segmentation. They allow implicit handling of complex topologies deformed by operations where large changes can occur without destroying the level set representation. The use of level set techniques for the computation and segmentation of plane-like and high positive curvature features is nontrivial. We present a technique for representing and extracting fault surfaces from 3-D seismic attribute data such that 2-manifolds can be interactively computed and segmented. We present our approach as an interactive workflow that generates highly accurate fault surfaces.     

A virtual voyage through 3D structures generated by chaotic mixing of magmas and numerical simulations: a new approach for understanding spatial and temporal complexity of magma dynamics

In this contribution, we present a virtual voyage through 3D structures generated by chaotic mixing of magmas and numerical simulations with the aim to highlight the power of 3D representations in the understanding of this geological phenomenon. In particular, samples of mixed juveniles from Salina island (Southern Italy) are reconstructed in 3D by serial lapping and digital montage and numerical simulations are performed by using a 3D chaotic dynamical system. Natural and simulated magma mixing structures are visualized by using several multimedia tools including animations and “virtual reality” models. It is shown that magma interaction processes can generate large spatial and temporal compositional heterogeneities in magmatic systems. The same topological structures are observed in both 3D reconstructed rock samples and chaotic numerical simulations, indicating that the mixing of magmas is governed by chaotic dynamics. The use of 3D multimedia models gives the opportunity to penetrate into magma mixing structures and to understand their significance in the context of magma dynamics. Such an approach is very powerful since multimedia tools can strongly capture the attention of the reader bringing him/her into an interactive and memorable geological experience. Electronic supplementary material  enclosed: