青海湖水动力特征对滨湖沉积体系的控制

青海湖盆地是我国西北内陆干旱区典型的山间断陷湖盆,与我国西北一些含油气盆地沉积特征十分相似,发育有一系列有利于油气储集的沉积体系.对青海湖沉积体系的研究,可以为陆相古含油气盆地沉积原貌的恢复提供借鉴.通过对比总结前人研究资料、实地考察以及对湖区近40年(1972~2010)来8张遥感图像的判读,分析了青海湖滨湖区域沉积体系演变特征.同时,在青海湖水动力特征研究的基础上,通过沉积物输运模拟,结合每一区域沉积演变特征,分析该区域沉积体系形成演变的水动力成因机制,并预测未来一段时间内环青海湖滨湖区域沉积体系演变趋势.研究结果表明:青海湖水动力特征主要表现出三个顺时针主旋回和湖湾和河流入湖口等处的次级旋回,沉积物输运和堆积趋势与水动力湖流特征对应一致,水动力特征控制着沉积体系的形成及演变;河流入湖口、沙岛-海晏湾、郎剑沙嘴以及东南湖湾等区域,是青海湖滨湖区域沉积演变最明显的区域;今后较长时期内,沉积物输运、堆积趋势将不会发生大的改变.     

径向水力喷射钻井技术在煤矿注浆孔中的应用

采用石油行业径向水平喷射钻井技术在煤矿注浆堵水方面可实现水平定向射流成孔,在薄层灰岩、奥陶系灰岩承压含水层中寻找沟通裂隙,尤其在直井或分支井段较小漏水的情况下可进行多分支喷射,还可以加适量盐酸、酸化缓蚀剂进行局部酸化沟通裂隙,压裂地层,从而降低注浆压力,提高注浆堵水效果。径向水力喷射钻井在峰峰集团梧桐庄矿9号注浆孔应用取得了一定的成效。该技术也可作为地热井增大水量的一种手段。     

张家口梁家沟—火石沟铅锌银多金属矿区找矿潜力分析

张家口南部燕山台褶带内中—新元古代碳酸盐岩地层分布广泛,岩性以白云岩为主。该时代地层中分布有梁家沟、银洞沟、常庄子等铅锌银多金属矿床(点)分布。文章以赤城县梁家沟-火石沟铅锌银多金属矿区为例,采用统计法和局部奇异性两种方法圈定了成矿元素1∶20万水系沉积物异常,结果显示化探元素异常区内包含3条断裂,根据矿床为后生成因推测异常区成矿潜力较大。在此基础上,结合控矿因素对找矿靶区范围进行了1∶5万水系沉积物加密采样,共圈出3处异常。通过对比分析,已知矿体与较弱的3号异常相吻合,而异常面积较大、强度较高的1、2号化探异常目前无工业矿体发现,应为今后找矿的重点区域。野外对1、2号异常区进行了基岩原生晕地球化学剖面测量,显示在异常中心区域白云岩中成矿元素铅锌银含量高,进一步佐证了上述异常区域的找矿潜力。     

Division of Matrix- and Fracture-Type Shale Oils in the Jiyang Depression and Their Differences

This study discussed the division of matrix- and fracture-type shale oils in the Jiyang Depression, and proposed the concept of fracture development coefficient. The fracture development coefficient is defined as the ratio of fault throw to the distance between a shale oil well and the nearest fault. Based on CO2 content, state of water, oil production and logging response of shale oil formations, the classification of shale oils was established, i.e., a fracture-type shale oil well has a fracture development coefficient greater than 0.2, while a matrix-type one has a fracture development coefficient less than 0.2. Furthermore, the key control factors of matrix- and fracture-type shale oil enrichment were analyzed using typical anatomical and statistical methods. For matrix-type shale oil enrichment, these factors are lithofacies, total organic carbon (TOC), shale porosity and abnormal pressure; for fracture-type shale oil enrichment, they are lithofacies, extent of fracture development, and abnormal pressure. This study also first described the differences between matrix- and fracture-type shale oils. The results provide reference for the exploration of terrestrial faulted basins in eastern China.     

New Species of Cretolimonia and Mesotipula (Diptera: Limoniidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Northeastern China

Two new species, Cretolimonia excelsa sp. nov. and Mesotipula gloriosa sp. nov., in Limoniidae of Diptera are described and illustrated, based on three fossil specimens with bodies and complete wings. These specimens were collected from the latest Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation at Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. These are the first fossil records of these two genera from China.     

Separation Technology of the World’s Only Chambersite Deposit Has Achieved A Big Breakthrough

<正>Chambersite is a rare mineral worldwide,a manganese chloride borate(Mn3B7O13Cl),which was first discovered in the recovered brine from a salt dome at Chambers,Texas,USA.This rare mineral has been proven to have a great utilization value in anti-nuclear radiation,hightemperature friction materials,medicine and stealth materials,and can be used in aerospace and     

Introduction to “Metallogenesis of Continental Collision”

<正>There is a general consensus that Plate Tectonics can explain metallogenesis based on the collisions between oceanic and continental crust.For instance,the large-sized porphyry copper deposits that occur along the Cordillera of the Andes around the east coast of the Pacific,and in the Phillipines,Malaysia and Indonesia along the western coast of the Pacific that sit upon the massive Pacific plates.They are considered to be typical of deposits resulting from collision between the oceanic and continental crust.Many experts,however,have long held a negative view about whether the collision between     

China First Discovered Massive Available Hot Dry Rock Resources

<正>Hot Dry Rock(HDR)refers to those generally deeply buried impermeable metamorphic or crystallized biotite gneiss,granite and granodiorite rock bodies,with a burial depth greater than 2000 m,containing no water or vapor.HDR is as implied,hot and dry,with temperatures ranging from 150 to 650℃,and it can be utilized as a heat     

Super-Large Pb-Zn Deposits Discovered in Danaopo, Huayuan County, Hunan Province

<正>Geological Brigade 405 of Hunan Provincial Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau discovered the Danaopo and Yangjiazhai super-large PbZn deposits through 5 years(2009–2014)of exploration in Huayuan County,Hunan Province.These deposits contain208.4942 million tons of(332+333)class Pb+Zn ores and4.8746 million tons of metal amounts,of which metal amounts of 333 class zinc are 4.1198 million tons and metal amounts of lead are 0.7548 million tons,associated with useful components of Cd,Ag and Se.In addition,the Limei,Qingshuitang and Yutang Pb-Zn deposits were     

基于模糊数学评价法优化凡纳滨对虾真空微波干燥工艺

【目的】探求真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾的最佳工艺条件,以期为开发凡纳滨对虾即食食品提供技术参考。【方法】以新鲜凡纳滨对虾为原料,模糊数学感官评分为主要考察指标,在单因素试验基础上,选择载装量A、功率B、真空度C为自变量,利用响应面法和模糊数学评价法对真空微波干燥工艺进行优化。【结果】以感官评定为基础对真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾的品质进行权重分析,得到权重集K=(色泽0.335,滋味0.305,香气0.215,组织质地0.145)。建立二次多项回归方程:Y=84.588+1.084A+1.409B+1.700C-7.353A²-8.793B²-13.860C²,显示载装量A、功率B、真空度C对感官评分有极显著影响(P<0.01)。通过响应面分析,得到真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾的最佳工艺条件:载装量75 g,加热功率400 W,真空度0.08 MPa。在此条件下,真空微波干燥凡纳滨对虾品质良好,感官评分为(85.6±0.07)分,与预测值85.92分误差较小。【结论】响应面法优化凡纳滨对虾真空微波干燥工艺具有操作简单、优化条件精确、结果显示直观等优点;建立的回归方程能反映装载量等三个因素对指标的影响规律,并可进行实际预测。