渭北区块煤层气井抽油杆腐蚀影响因素

为明确鄂尔多斯盆地东缘渭北区块H矿区煤层气井腐蚀影响因素,以抽油杆为研究对象,通过对实际开采过程中产出气、采出水、抽油杆表面腐蚀产物成分和抽油杆质量损失检测分析,总结了抽油杆腐蚀类型和腐蚀强度,并对比分析了不同排采阶段、开发层系和采出液矿化度对抽油杆腐蚀的影响。研究结果表明：渭北区块煤层气井抽油杆主要受到CO₂和H₂S的腐蚀,其来源主要为5号煤和11号煤。在初期排水阶段抽油杆腐蚀程度低,主要是由少量CO₂溶解气引起;憋套压和产气之后,抽油杆受到产出的酸性气体CO₂和H₂S的共同腐蚀作用,且腐蚀不断增强;同时地层水矿化程度对抽油杆腐蚀有明显的促进作用。由于腐蚀影响因素复杂且强度不断变化,因此,对抽油杆表面进行包覆或涂上防腐层是直接有效的防腐手段。     

Relative contributions of crust and mantle to generation of Campanian high-K calc-alkaline I-type granitoids in a subduction setting, with special reference to the Harşit Pluton, Eastern Turkey

We present elemental and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic data for the magmatic suite (~79 Ma) of the Harşit pluton, from the Eastern Pontides (NE Turkey), with the aim of determining its magma source and geodynamic evolution. The pluton comprises granite, granodiorite, tonalite and minor diorite (SiO₂ = 59.43–76.95 wt%), with only minor gabbroic diorite mafic microgranular enclaves in composition (SiO₂ = 54.95–56.32 wt%), and exhibits low Mg# (<46). All samples show a high-K calc-alkaline differentiation trend and I-type features. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns are fractionated [(La/Yb) _n  = 2.40–12.44] and display weak Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.30–0.76). The rocks are characterized by enrichment of LILE and depletion of HFSE. The Harşit host rocks have weak concave-upward REE patterns, suggesting that amphibole and garnet played a significant role in their generation during magma segregation. The host rocks and their enclaves are isotopically indistinguishable. Sr–Nd isotopic data for all of the samples display I _Sr = 0.70676–0.70708, ε _Nd(79 Ma) = −4.4 to −3.3, with T _DM = 1.09–1.36 Ga. The lead isotopic ratios are (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb) = 18.79–18.87, (²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb) = 15.59–15.61 and (²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb) = 38.71–38.83. These geochemical data rule out pure crustal-derived magma genesis in a post-collision extensional stage and suggest mixed-origin magma generation in a subduction setting. The melting that generated these high-K granitoidic rocks may have resulted from the upper Cretaceous subduction of the Izmir–Ankara–Erzincan oceanic slab beneath the Eurasian block in the region. The back-arc extensional events would have caused melting of the enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle and formed mafic magma. The underplating of the lower crust by mafic magmas would have played a significant role in the generation of high-K magma. Thus, a thermal anomaly induced by underplated basic magma into a hot crust would have caused partial melting in the lower part of the crust. In this scenario, the lithospheric mantle-derived basaltic melt first mixed with granitic magma of crustal origin at depth. Then, the melts, which subsequently underwent a fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation processes, could ascend to shallower crustal levels to generate a variety of rock types ranging from diorite to granite. Sr–Nd isotope modeling shows that the generation of these magmas involved ~65–75% of the lower crustal-derived melt and ~25–35% of subcontinental lithospheric mantle. Further, geochemical data and the Ar–Ar plateau age on hornblende, combined with regional studies, imply that the Harşit pluton formed in a subduction setting and that the back-arc extensional period started by least ~79 Ma in the Eastern Pontides.     

边坡稳定性分析及治理设计软件Slide CAD的开发

以软件易用性为指导,系统阐述了Slide CAD的设计开发思路和主要功能。该软件以交互式输入为主,包括前处理,求解器,后处理3大模块。提供一系列滑面计算方法与搜索算法。同时为边坡治理提供对悬臂,锚索,“人”字型抗滑桩等优化设计计算。     

浙江长兴煤山剖面P/T界线附近粘土矿物研究

通过对浙江长兴煤山(D)剖面二叠系-三叠系 (P/T)界线附近地层中的粘土矿物分析,显示粘土矿物的组合及含量的变化同粘土矿物的结晶度没有必然的联系,而同地层组段的变化相一致,粘土矿物组合的变化反映了当时的气候、物源及地理条件的变化;同时,伊利石的结晶度也不具有地层梯度的特征。但是,无论是粘土矿物组合还是伊利石结晶度,在P/T界线附近都发生了明显的变化,表明本区当时海洋酸碱度和温度的剧烈变化,这可能导致了二叠纪末期海洋生物的大规模灭绝。     

一次套钻确定三维地应力的新型钻孔变形计

基于岩体初始地应力测量的套钻应力解除方法,在36-2型钻孔变形计的基础上增加8个轴向变形测量装置,优化设计加工成12分量新型钻孔变形计。该变形计具有8个轴向变形测量元件和4个径向变形测量元件。试验室内元件标定的结果表明,每个测量元件的分辨率可达0.000 1 mm,精度达到2 ‰;多项室内整体标定试验表明,该变形计应力测量稳定性和可靠性较好,分辨率可达0.028 MPa(当E=30 GPa时),实测误差小于10 %;在利用设计出的专用金刚石钻头钻取的钻孔中,安装该变形计,只需要一次套钻应力解除试验就可以确定测点部位的三维地应力状态。该地应力测试设备和方法解决了传统的利用3个钻孔套钻解除确定三维地应力的弊端,并可进行深孔测试。具有操作方便、精度高、可靠性好的特点。     

湖南省桃源县李家冲金矿主要控矿因素及找矿方向

李家冲金矿是近年来实施矿产资源补偿费项目时确定的具有一定找矿远景的金矿床。矿区地处扬子准地台江南地轴南缘的雪峰弧形构造隆起带的中段，距著名的大型沃溪金（锑钨）矿床南东约18km。金矿成矿主要受元古界板溪群马底驿组合矿层位及断裂构造双重因素控制，地层提供了矿源层，构造提供了矿化进一步富集的动力条件，使矿质得以活化、迁移并在有利成矿空间定位形成金矿体。在对矿床的地质特征和主要控矿因素分析的基础上，对进一步寻找金矿体的勘查方向进行了探讨，认为区内以郭家冲断裂为主的NE向断裂带是今后找金工作的重点，具体部位是近EW向层滑断裂破碎带与NE向断裂的交汇部位，并圈定出叶家坳一电厂、茶子山、文明等三处具体的勘查靶位，可作为矿区进一步工作部署的参考依据。     

四川龙门山地区阳新组灰岩地质特征及用途

二叠系阳新组灰岩厚度240~350 m，走向延伸大于50 km，出露面积15 km²以上，资源储量极为丰富.研究区0.6 km²范围内资源量为5193×10⁴ t.阳新组灰岩CaO含量49.87%~55.74%，MgO含量0.24%~2.80%，SiO₂含量0.38%~5.80%之间，SO₃含量0.01%~0.40%，K₂O+Na₂O含量0.02%~0.12%，均达到Ⅰ级水泥用料要求.饱和抗压强度41.6~82.4 MPa，坚固性1%~3%，压碎指标8.2%~9.6%；所有指标均符合建筑石料用要求.对阳新组灰岩地质特征、物理化学指标的分析评价显示，其可广泛运用于水泥、建筑石料等领域，具有重要的经济价值和意义.     

硫同位素混合总体筛分

现代矿床学研究表明,绝大多数矿床的形成具有多来源、多阶段、多成因的特点.定量研究S同位素来源可将形成一个矿床的过程看作是多个总体的混合或叠加,在数学上这种混合或叠加可以用昆合总体筛分的数学模型来描述.笔者在长江中下游地区和湖南东坡矿田中成功地应用混合总体筛分的数学模型,定量研究了S同位素来源的问题,这一问题的解决对于研究成矿物质来源和成矿机理具有重要的意义.     

森林覆盖区利用ASTER 数据提取蚀变信息实验研究 ———以黑龙江省东宁县金厂金矿区为例

[摘要]ASTER 数据比TM/ ETM+数据在短波红外(SWIR) 和热红外波谱具有更高的波谱分辨率 和空间分辨率。本文利用ASTER 数据,采用假彩色合成、主成分分析和光谱吸收指数等三种方法,以金 厂特大型金矿区为例,尝试开展森林覆盖区大比例尺蚀变信息提取方法及其有效性实验研究。实验效 果理想,利用ASTER 数据提取蚀变信息可以为矿区构造解析、圈定矿化蚀变区提供有效信息。