台湾岛东北部龟山岛热液区自然硫烟囱体的成因

用ICP-MS测定了龟山岛热液区自然硫烟囱体的微量和稀土元素组成, 结合其硫同位素组成, 研究了自然硫烟囱体的物质来源和形成条件. 结果表明, 龟山岛热液区自然硫烟囱体, 自然硫的含量极高(达到了99.96%), 与火口湖和其他火山区的自然硫相比, 具有微量和稀土元素含量极低的特点, 且其球粒陨石标准化REE配分模式与龟山岛安山岩类似, 进一步证明了龟山岛热液区海底下流体-安山岩相互作用具有持续时间短的特点. 自然硫样品的硫同位素组成, 反映自然硫烟囱体中的硫来自岩浆去气作用产生的H₂S和SO₂, 微量和稀土元素组成反映出其主要来自龟山岛安山岩, 受到了海水组成的影响, 是安山岩和酸性流体相互作用的结果, 结合热力学分析表明, 在相对低温(<116℃), 有氧和酸性的环境中形成了自然硫烟囱体.     

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE UNDER UNFAVOURABLE CONDITIONS ON OXYGEN UPTAKE OF LARVAL HERRING,CLUPEA HARENGUS

Oxygen uptake under starvation and short periods of sudden temperature change was measured forlarval herring (Clupea harengus L.) reared at average temperature of 7.3, 11 and 12.9℃. Larval stagesbetween first feeding and premetamorphosis were used. For comparison, the routine oxygen uptake(ROU) was also investigated and followed the relationship Q=0.974+0. 174 tW~(0.210), where Q is in μg/(mg·h), W is dry body weight in mg and t is temperature in ℃. The oxygen uptake under starvation(SOU, deprived of food for 24 h) was different from the routine when the larval dry weightwas less than 0.6-0.8 mg, it increased with temperature and body weight giving the reationship Q=1.568+0.110 tW~(0.380), if the larval dry weight mp more than 0.6-0.8 mg, it reverted to the norm(Q=1.704+0.078 tW~(-0.349)). The oxygen uptake was tested in short periods (3 h) of sudden temperaturechanges in six groups: 7.3 to 11, 7.3 to 12.9, 11 to 7.3. 11 to 12.9, 12.9 to 7.3 and 1.29 to11℃. The oxygen uptake in the 7.3 to 12.9 and 1     

地震类型的判别与强余震的预测

引言一个大地震发生以后,最重要的、最迫切的问题之一是回答:还会有大的吗(指相当的或更大的地震)?或用地震学家的话说,这是什么类型的地震?已发生的大地震是否已是主震-余震型的主震?因此,及时提供任何可能的关于地震类型的讯息,对地震预测来     

华南陆相二叠—三叠系界线地层研究新进展

近3年通过对滇东黔西地区陆相二叠-三叠系界线地层的研究，获得了许多新的进展：1）证实滇东黔西地区是陆相二叠-三叠系界线研究的良好地区；2）发现并证明研究区有连续的陆相二叠-三叠系界线地层；3）发现陆相二叠-三叠系界线附近存在事件成因的“界线粘土岩”；4）丰富了研究区二叠-三叠系界线附近的古生物资料；5）分析研究了宣威组露头地层层序；6）进行了华南海相和陆相二叠-三叠系地层界线之间的对比。     

西北地区水热条件分析及生态恢复对策

西北地区深居内陆干旱地区，固特殊的地形，地貌，气候条件限制，水热不同地，匹配不完全：高山地带降水充沛，热量相对不足；盆地内部热量资源丰富，但降水稀少，气候干燥，恶劣的气候环境严重的限制了植被，土壤的发育，地表生态系统极其脆弱，大部分地区表现出明显的荒漠化特征。笔者通过分析研究区水热条件，阐述区内主要环境问题，并就此提出生态环境恢复的主要措施和对策。     

A DIAGNOSIS OF THE INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE AND SURFACE WIND FIELD IN THE TROPICAL OCEANS AND ITS CORRELATIVE CHARACTERS WITH ENSO CYCLE

Utilizing the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly datasets,and based on the filter and standarddeviation calculation,the interannual variability of sea surface temperature(SST)and 1000 hPawind field for the tropical Pacific,Indian and Atlantic Oceans is investigated for the past 20 years(1979—1998).The characters of space-time evolution in SST anomalies(SSTA)for each oceanand corresponding wind anomaly field are acquired by using rotated principal component(RPC)and linear regression analysis methods.Using the method of correlation analysis.the characters ofthree tropical oceans correlated with ENSO are investigated.The contemporary correlationbetween the SSTA in the Indian Ocean and in the equatorial eastern Pacific is positive,and there isa weak negative correlation between the SSTA in the equatorial east Atlantic Ocean and in theequatorial eastern Pacific.The lead-lag correlation analysis indicates that the SSTA in theequatorial Indian Ocean lags the dominant Pacific ENSO mode by 3 months,and the SSTA in theequatorial Atlantic Ocean leads ENSO mode by 6 months.The ENSO-correlated components intropical Indian Ocean and tropical Atlantic Ocean display much the same amount of total variance ineach ocean,i.e..14% in the Indian Ocean and 12% in the Atlantic Ocean and the maximums areall above 40%.     

Middle Yangtze sea-basin over Paleozoic-Mesozoic transition--Sedimental continuity and environmental catastrophe

On the centimeter scale of lithologic change,we conduct poly-statistic analysis on the sedimentary behavior and dynamic features of the stratigraphic sequence from upper Dalong formation to lower Daye formation,which across the Permian-Triassic boundary in East Hubei.From the perspective of stochastically dynamic system,the depositional process of upper Dalong formation can be regarded as a stable Markovian process with weakly stratigraphic correlation and randomly lithologic alteration.Compared to it,the depositional process of lower Daye formation was unstable Markovian process with much closer stratigraphic correlation and ordered lithologic change.As for the replacement style of the sedimental cycle,the former was chaotic,while the latter was periodical.Otherwise,although the overall depositional process of the two formations was continuous,their dynamic characteristics were obviously different.So this P-T sedimental boundary can also be regarded as a dynamic limit.It was a kind of depositional reaction in response to a catastrophic alteration when the geological environment was in continuous change but came over a certain threshold state.