重金属污水对木榄幼苗几种保护酶及膜脂质过氧化作用的影响

用5个级别的人工复合重金属污水处理红树植物木榄Bruguiera gymnorrhiza幼苗,2个月后对其叶片和根系中的保护酶SOD、POD和CAT活性变化以及对膜脂质过氧化作用的影响进行分析。结果显示,当污染级别不大于5倍污水时,根系中SOD活性随污染程度的增加而增加,污染程度再升级其活性迅速下降但仍高于对照组水平;叶片中SOD活性在1倍污水时与对照组相比有所下降,随后的变化与在根系中的变化相似。POD活性在根系和叶片中的变化相对一致,均随污染级别的增加而升高;但在叶片中的变化幅度大于根系中的变化幅度。CAT活性在叶片中不受污染程度的影响,保持平稳,但在高程度污染下活性有下降趋势;而根系中CAT活性在10倍污水时达到最大值,污染程度再升级其活性下降。叶片中膜脂质过氧化作用随污染程度的增加而加剧,MDA的积累增加;但根系中MDA含量在5倍污水时最少,只为对照组的21.98%,其后随着污染程度的增加其MDA含量大幅度积累,膜脂质过氧化作用加剧。从整个试验结果分析认为,木榄在遭受重金属胁迫时具有优先保护根系以增强植物的抗重金属能力。     

斑岩型钼矿激电测深的找矿模式

近年来在新县吴陈河风响山钼(金、银)矿区开展地质和物探普查,发现了明显的激电异常。经钻探验证,揭示了风响山钼矿化带,得出了斑岩型钼矿“三位一体”——构造、斑岩体、激电异常的找矿模式。     

直流激电法在栾川西部铅锌矿勘查中的应用

本文收集了笔者近年来在栾川西部地区所作的激电资料,通过综合整理和研究,分析了铅锌矿的直流激电异常特征。探讨了应用直流激电法探寻铅锌矿应注意的若干问题,解决了该区铅锌矿与其它矿种的区分,取得了较好的找矿成果。     

Bacterial community and some physico-chemical characteristics in a subtropical mangrove environment in Bahrain

A study of bacterial communities and some physico-chemical parameters of a subtropical mangrove habitat in the Arabian Gulf (Bahrain) was carried out in 1993-1994. Six stations at different parts of the tidal channel were selected for sampling. The mangrove habitat was found to harbor diverse bacterial communities, included among them anoxygenic phototrophs (AP), oxygenic phototrophs (OP), organotrophs (OT), total coliforms (TC), faecal coliforms (FC) and haloalkaliphiles (HA). Spatial and temporal variations in bacterial communities and environmental parameters were found. Each of the OT, AP, TC, and FC were dominant in the innermost stations (S1&S2) and gradually decreased seaward. The HA community on the other hand, was dominant at the seaward stations (S5&S6) and was most likely to have originated from the sea through the tidal flows. Both AP and OT were considered as part of the mangrove native flora, whereas TC and FC were alien and believed to have been introduced through partially treated sewage released at the upstream of the tidal channel. Closely monitoring of the mangrove water revealed succession pattern in bacterial communities. The AP community was predominant from November 1993 to March 1994, succeeded by dominance of OP from June 1994 to October 1994. Both bacterial blooms gave water a pinkish, purple, or green color, respectively. Although OT prevailed during Transitional period between AP and OP eutrophication, it remained comparatively constant (not less than 2 x 10(5)cfu/ml) through other periods. Frequent eutrophication phenomena of OP, which took place in summer and autumn, coincided with increases in water temperature, chlorophyll a, and nutrients (NO(3)(-) and PO(4)(-)). On the other hand, OT and AP were negatively correlated with temperature, salinity and chlorophyll a, but no specific pattern was observed in relation to NO(3)(-) and PO(4)(-). In comparison with seawater, nutrients such as NO(3)(-) and PO(4)(-) were consistently higher in the mangrove habitat. Partially treated sewage and farm drainage canals are proposed to form additional sources of nutrients. Although, the mangrove habitat has been demonstrated to possess self-cleaning properties, data obtained suggest that anthropogenic pollution has a deleterious effect.     

Byssal detachment underestimates tolerance of mussels to toxic compounds

Mussels are sedentary organisms attached to solid substrata by means of byssus threads. Mussels detached from their substratum tend to reattach by producing new byssus threads. Therefore, in bioassays using mussels, if the test animals are in an unattached status, increased byssogenic activity would expose their soft body parts to the toxic compound used. We test the tolerance of two mussel species (Mytilopsis leucophaeata and Mytilus edulis) to an oxidizing biocide (chlorine) and show that detached mussels are 24-28% less tolerant than byssally attached ones. Detached mussels also showed higher oxygen consumption, filtration rate, foot activity, byssus thread production and byssogenesis index, parameters which are associated with valve opening. A review of literature showed that most of the published data on toxicity against heavy metals and biocides are generated using unattached mussels. The data, therefore, represent an underestimation of the toxicity of the tested compound. Correction data are presented for chlorine tolerance of Dreissena polymorpha, Mytilopsis leucophaeata and Mytilus edulis. The present study suggests the importance of maintaining mussels in their attached status, while undertaking toxicity bioassays.     

全球热带简单海气耦合模式中的ENSO预报试验

利用一个全球热带简单海气耦合模式(GTSM模式),并选取热带三大洋较强的冷暖事件作为预报对象进行了若干预报试验,分析结果发现:在GTSM模式中由于热带三大洋海气耦合通过大气模式而相互作用和影响,使得该模式对于东大西洋和中东印度洋较强冷暖事件的预报能力,较单独大西洋或单独印度洋耦合模式均有明显提高,预报和观测的ATL3、IND3指数的相关系数达到0.5以上的月份,分别达到9个月和6个月左右;而在东太平洋则和ZC(LDEO1)模式差不多,预报和观测的Nio3指数的相关系数达到0.6以上的月份可以达到15个月左右.     

Large Proper-Motion Infrared

When some magnetic field lines connect a Kerr black hole with a disk rotating around it, energy and angular momentum are transferred between them. If the black hole rotates faster than the disk, ca&solm0;GMH>0.36 for a thin Keplerian disk, then energy and angular momentum are extracted from the black hole and transferred to the disk (MH is the mass and aMH is the angular momentum of the black hole). This way, the energy originating in the black hole may be radiated away by the disk. The total amount of energy that can be extracted from the black hole spun down from ca&solm0;GMH=0.998 to ca&solm0;GMH=0.36 by a thin Keplerian disk is approximately 0.15MHc2. This is larger than approximately 0.09MHc2, which can be extracted by the Blandford-Znajek mechanism.     

花菇优质生产及气象条件

1 形成花菇的气象条件　1.1 空气相对湿度　适宜花菇生长的空气相对湿度为85%～90%。相对湿度在65%～74%时，对花菇的发生和生长最有利，过分干燥易成菇丁。较长时间高于75%，表皮紧而不裂。早晨相对湿度60%左右，下午降至50%以下，菇盖裂纹加深，可形成较为理想的花菇。     

江汉平原近3000年来古洪水事件的沉积记录

洪水发生规律是洪灾预报的前提,已有的历史洪水记录时间尺度不足以认识和把握洪水的出现规律。因此,利用地质记录延长洪水时间序列,从地质记录中认识洪水的发生规律,显得非常重要和必要。江汉平原江陵地区的洪水地质记录表明,近3000年来,该区共发生了18次特大洪水漫滩事件。这些古洪水的频发与湿冷气候相对应。功率谱分析发现古洪水漫滩事件包含26、31、36、43、52、79、110年这样的周期。分析表明江陵地区古洪水发生的驱动因子可能是太阳活动。