澳大利亚昆士兰州雷德多姆(芒加纳)矽卡岩金矿床的地质和矿化作用

引言雷德多姆(Red Dome)金矿床位于澳大利亚昆士兰州东北部的奇拉戈(Chillagoe)附近(图1),目前由Elders矿产有限公司以露天开采方式开拓中,其地质储量有含金2g/t的矿石1380万吨。估计其它有用元素还有银4.6g/t、铜0.46％和锌1.0％。贱金属和贵金属产于斑状流纹岩墙与以碳酸盐为主的沉积岩接触处形成的矽卡岩内。既有内     

伊豆—小笠原俯冲带板片的形态与形变研究

地震层析成像方法为俯冲板片的形态、形变与流变(间接)提供了独特的约束条件.本文利用远震双差P波成像技术对伊豆—小笠原板片的复杂结构进行了非常清晰的成像,结果显示位于26.5°N～28°N之间的地幔过渡带(MTZ)中存在一个板片撕裂.撕裂以北,板片在MTZ发生折叠,在褶皱枢纽的正上方,剪切带内初期的黏性耗散形成了P波衰减...     

Cycadolepis corrugata Zeiller und Pterophyllum aequale Brongniart

正 Mit 1 Tafel Uber die problematischen Reste Cycadolepis corrugata Zeiller aus dem Lias von Tonkin herrscht heute noch immer keine vollige Klarheit. Es sind stets nur     

海岸带泥砂运动的形态学与岩石学的研究方法

在苏联,近十年来,海岸地貌学的研究有了很大的发展,而对于海岸地带,即海与陆相互作用地带的泥砂运动及其迁移规律性的研究则是其中最重要的一个方向。实际上,正像所指出的,对岩石圈物质迁移过程的研究是从“岩石颗粒及原生岩塊的破碎开始直到它们在地质作用中重新结合为止”而且是作为研究地壳表面地形的形成及共发展的地貌学中的一个重要任务。正是在这个作用的过程中及其后果,就建立着并发展着各种地形的形态。通常,这些形态可划分为二种基本类型:剥蚀的和堆积的。     

Evaluation of the Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. digestive gland metallothionein as a biomarker in a long-term field study: seasonal and spatial variability

A study was made of seasonal and spatial variability of metallothionein (MT) concentrations, determined spectrophotometrically in the soluble fraction of the digestive gland of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis, collected between 1999 and 2001 from several coastal and estuarine locations along the central Eastern Adriatic coast (Croatia). The seasonal influence on the MT and metal concentrations (higher values in winter-spring season, than in summer-autumn season) is more pronounced than the local site-specific influence. Furthermore, within each season a significant site-specific dependence on the MT and trace metal variations can be detected. An inverse relationship of mussel condition index (CI) and temperature with MT and trace metals levels indicates the influence of food abundance and mussel annual reproductive cycle. Substantially higher concentrations of both MT and Cd were recorded in mussels inhabiting estuarine locations, possibly indicating a markedly higher Cd bioavailability at these locations. The positive correlations obtained between MT and Cd in all seasons except autumn support an argument for application of digestive gland MT as a biomarker of Cd exposure, providing evidence for assessing the most appropriate season for mussel sampling.     

数码相机与全站仪集成原理与方法

普通数码相机以其价廉、灵活的特点在实际工程中得到广泛的应用。但物镜畸变较大而且内外方位元素求解复杂,从一定程度上限制了其进一步的应用。结合数码相机的特点,讨论数码相机与全站仪集成的有关原理、方法及实现过程,使非量测相机量测化。通过室内实验,说明这种集成是可行的,能满足工程上的测量要求。     

华南（东）变质基底特征、古构造型式及铀、金矿化远景

华南（东）变质基底由杨子及华夏两块不同特征的地质体组成，中元古代之后，该地区分别经过了碰撞对接、拉开、再拼贴的演化过程。碰撞对接带和在古裂谷系基础上成型的陆内推覆及平移、剪切型拼贴带构成了本区基底构造主要型式。铀及金矿远景与基底特征关系密切，铀矿主要产于基底裂隆带部位，金则主要产于裂凹（裂陷）带部位。古基底构造交叉部位是中新生代构造活动活跃部位，受其控制的早期横向火山裂谷盆地，在晚期拉张条件下形成的岩浆杂岩带是铀、金、多金属成矿最佳远景区。     

变质成因铀矿床成矿时含矿物质的来源

目前,在世界许多地盾和古地台地区发现了大量铀矿床,它们赋存于结晶片岩、变质砾岩、片麻岩和不同成分的花岗岩类岩石当中。这些矿床的产状呈层状、柱状、细脉浸染状及脉状分布。据同位素年龄测定,它们的时代系前寒武纪,从成矿条件来看它们与变质作用有密切的关系。这类矿床往往构成巨大的含矿区,蕴藏着可观的铀储量。有鉴于此,这些矿床经常引起许多地质和采矿人员的关注。诸如早为人们所熟知的加拿大布兰德河和南非维特瓦特斯兰德的层状含铀砾岩矿床、澳大利亚北部阿利盖特河结晶片岩中的层状和柱状矿床、加拿大阿萨巴斯卡湖细脉浸染状钠-铀建造矿床以及瑞典北部阿尔汶朴罗·阿尔维约尔含矿省等,就是这类矿床的实例。     

Effects of hydrocarbon contamination on a free living marine nematode community: results from microcosm experiments

Anthropogenic inputs of crude and refined petroleum hydrocarbons into the sea require knowledge of the effects of these contaminants on the receiving assemblages of organisms. A microcosm experiment was carried out to study the influence of diesel on a free living nematode community of a Tunisian lagoon. Sediments were contaminated by diesel that ranged in concentration from 0.5 to 20 mg diesel kg⁻¹ dry weight (dw), and effects were examined after 90 days. Gradual changes in community structure were revealed depending on the quantity of diesel administrated. In the medium (1 mg diesel kg⁻¹ and 5 mg diesel kg⁻¹ (dw)) and high (10 mg diesel kg⁻¹, 15 mg diesel kg⁻¹ and 20 mg kg⁻¹ (dw)) treated microcosms, most univariate measures, including diversity and species richness, decreased significantly with increasing level of diesel contamination whereas nematode assemblage from the low treated microcosm (0.5 mg diesel kg⁻¹ (dw)) remained unaffected. Results from multivariate analyses of the species abundance data demonstrated that responses of nematode species to the diesel treatments were varied: Chaetonema sp. was eliminated at all doses tested and seemed to be intolerant species to diesel contamination; Pomponema sp. and Oncholaimus campylocercoïdes were significantly affected at all diesel contamination levels but they were not eliminated, these species were categorized as “diesel-sensitive”; Hypodontolaimus colesi, Daptonema trabeculosum and Daptonema fallax which significantly increased respectively at 0.5, 1 and 5 mg diesel kg⁻¹ (dw) concentrations and appeared to be “opportunistic” species at these doses whereas Marylynnia stekhoveni which increased at all high doses (10, 15 and 20 mg diesel kg⁻¹ (dw)) seemed to be a “diesel-resistant” species.     

Occurrence of perfluorinated compounds in water, sediment and mussels from the Cantabrian Sea (North Spain)

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have emerged as significant global environmental pollutants with persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic properties. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of PFCs in water (wastewater, submarine emissaries and port-waters), sediment and transplanted mussels in estuarine areas of high urban and industrial impact from Northern Spain. Five PFCs of industrial use were studied: perfluorooctanesulfonate, perfluorohexanesulfonate, perfluorobutanesulfonate, perfluorooctanoate acid and perfluorononanoate acid. After selective extraction, samples were analyzed by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. ΣPFCs ranged from 0.06 to 10.9 ng/L in water, with higher levels in wastewater treatment plants effluents and port waters than in submarine emissaries. Little accumulation was observed in sediments and mussels with ΣPFCs ranging from 0.01-0.13 ng/g dw and 0.01-0.06 ng/g ww, respectively. Most ubiquitous compounds were PFOS and PFOA. Mass fluxes of PFCs to the Cantabrian Sea are estimated and the impact to the coastal ecosystem is discussed.