Analysis of mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene and Ki- and Ha-ras proto-oncogenes in hepatic tumors of European flounder (Platichthys flesus).

DNA from five tumors, three other-injured livers and two normal liver tissue samples from the European flounder were analyzed for mutations in exons 5-8 of the tumor suppressor gene p53 and at codons 12, 13 and 61 of Ha- and Ki-ras proto-oncogenes. No tumor-specific mutations were identified by direct sequencing and single-strand conformation polymorphism of these genes. A number of silent polymorphisms were noted in p53. In addition to a need for more extensive analyses of flounder liver tumor samples for ras or p53 mutations, other cancer-related genes should be investigated.     

Expression of putative zinc-finger protein lcn61 gene in lymphocystis disease virus China （LCDV-cn） genome

An open reading frame (lcn61) of lymphocystis disease virus China (LCDV-cn), probably responsible for encoding putative zinc-finger proteins was amplified and inserted into pET24a (+) vector. Then it expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3), and His-tag fusion protein of high yield was obtained. It was found that the fusion protein existed in E. coli mainly as inclusion bodies. The bioinformatics analysis indicates that LCN61 is C2H2 type zinc-finger protein containing four C2H2 zinc-finger motifs. This work provides a theory for functional research of lcn61 gene. Supported by High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, No. 2006AA100309)     

Fe3+ in shocked olivine crystals of the ALHA 77005 meteorite

ALHA 77005, a shocked achondrite of the shergottite group, is unique in containing cumulus olivine crystals which display a brownish color in thin section. Mössbauer, EPR, and optical spectroscopic studies show the presence of Fe³⁺ in the olivine. Approximately 4.5 wt.% of the total iron in the olivine (24 wt.% as FeO) is in the trivalent state. The Fe³⁺ ions preferentially occupy M2 lattice positions. Charge transfer between Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺ as well as between Fe³⁺ and oxygen ligands causes a broad absorption band in the optical spectrum at high energies which is the reason for the olivine color. It is concluded that the color of the ALHA 77005 olivine is preterrestrial and may be the result of shock-induced oxidation of the olivine crystals on the meteorite parent body.     

Precipitation — elevation relationships over Sri Lanka

Summary The change of rainfall totals with height has been the subject of much investigation in many parts of the world. The rates of increase or decrease vary with the climatic regime experienced. This study of Sri Lankan rainfall shows that the relationship between height and mean annual rainfall is complex. Examples of increases and decreases of rainfall with height are found. The climatic regime of the area is important in controlling the level of maximum rainfall.With 7 Figures     

Vertical migration ofcentropages typicus (copepoda) in Chesapeake Bay,with some thoughts on migration studies

Centropages typicus was collected at two hour intervals over a diel cycle at a station near the Chesapeake Bay mouth. The species migrated upward at dusk and downward at dawn. Neither light, temperature, salinity, nor density appeared to cue the migration. Attention is drawn to the need for information on the extent and regularity of migration by individual organisms, and how the lack of such information may lead to poor interpretations of migration data.     

The periodic variations of the core drift rate: global and zonal motions (Mitteilung des Zentralinstituts für Physik der Erde,Nr. 1746)

Toroidal zonal motions at the top of the Earth's core were computed from the observed secular variation and investigated with regard to their time dependence. Previously derived results for a pure westward drifting core could be re-examined. Additionally, the well-known 66.7 years period was found to be an oscillation of the zonal velocity field of third degree. With respect to periodic constituents, the total magnetic core-mantle coupling torque according to the zonal motions is comparable with that derived for a pure westward drifting core. Some differences in period lengthes and amplitudes do not remove previously stated differences between the spectra of the magnetic and mechanical torques on principle.     

Ein Beitrag zur Struktur des Windes über Wien

Zusammenfassung Nach zweijährigen Parallelregistrierungen der Windgeschwindigkeit und Windrichtung in Wien-Hohe Warte am Rande der Stadt Wien und an einer Meßstelle in der Stadtmitte wird gezeigt, daß ein merklicher und jahreszeitlich veränderlicher Umgebungseinfluß gerade am Stadtrand auf die Windgeschwindigkeit einwirkt. Während der Vegetationsperiode ist die Bodenrauhigkeit erhöht, die Windgeschwindigkeit in den unteren Stufenwerten bis etwa 35 km/h wird verringert. Während der vegetationslosen Zeit ist die Bodenrauhigkeit viel geringer, die Häufigkeitsverteilung der Windgeschwindigkeit im Winter daher viel normaler. Es besteht ein scharfer Gegensatz zwischen den Sommer-und Wintermonaten ohne langsame Übergänge. Das Ergebnis dieses zunächst lokalen Vergleiches ist von allgemeiner Bedeutung für Windbeobachtungen in den gemäßigten Breiten mit Vegetationswechsel.

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Summary Based on two year's parallel observations of velocity and direction of wind at two stations, viz. the secular station Wien-Hohe Warte at the periphery and a station in the town-centre, it is shown that there exists a considerable and seasonally variable effect of local influences on the wind velocity, especially at the periphery of the town. During the vegetation period the roughness of the ground is increased and up to about 35 km/h the wind velocity is reduced. Out of the vegetation period the roughness of the ground is much smaller, the frequency distribution of wind velocity during the winter, therefore, shows more the normal features. There is a marked difference between the summer and winter months, and there exists no graduate change. The result of this local comparison seems to be of general interest to the climatology of wind in temperate latitudes with their seasonal change of vegetation.

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Résumé Pendant deux ans on a enregistré les vitesses et les directions des vents dans le cadre d'observations faites simultanément à la périphérie de la ville de Vienne (station météorologique «Hohe Warte») et à une station située au centre de cette ville. Les résultats démontrent que c'est précisément à la périphérie de la ville que l'aspect du sol exerce une influence très nette, la vitesse des vents, qui varie selon les saisons. Pendant la saison de végétation la «rugosité» du terrain étant plus grande, les vents moins forts (jusqu'à 35 km/h) sont affaiblis. En hiver, quand il n'y a pas de végétation, la rugosité du sol est moindre, et par conséquent les fréquences respectives des vents d'intensités diverses offrent un tableau mieux équilibré. Entre les mois d'hiver et les mois d'été, le contraste est très brusque; il n'y a pas de période de lente transition. Le résultat de ces essais, effectués seulement sur un plan local jusqu'à présent, est d'importance générale pour l'étude des vents dans les régions de climat tempéré, avec une végétation changeante.

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Mit 1 Textabbildung

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Herrn Prof. Dr.H. Ficker zum 75. Geburtstag gewidmet.     

Alteration processes in the CV chondrite parent body based on analysis of NWA 2086 meteorite

Analysis of the NWA 2086 CV3 chondrite showed a matrix/chondrule ratio of 52%, similar to Bali, Mokoia, and Grosanaja. Nearly twice as many chondrule fragments as intact ones demonstrate that an early fragmentation phase occurred prior to final accretion. After this event, no substantial mechanical change or redeposition is evident. Rims with double‐layered structures were identified around some chondrules, which, in at least one case, is attributed to an accretionary origin. The rim's outer parts with a diffuse appearance were formed by in situ chemical alteration. During this later process, Mg content decreased, Fe content increased, and olivine composition was homogenized, producing a rim composition close to that of the matrix. This alteration occasionally happened along fractures and at confined locations, and was probably produced by fluid interactions. Iron oxides are the best candidate for a small grain‐sized alteration product; however, technical limitations in the available equipment did not allow exact phase identification. These results suggest that NWA 2086 came from a location (possible more deeply buried) in the CV parent body than Mokoia or Bali, and suffered less impact effects—although there is no evidence of sustained thermal alteration. This meteorite may represent a sample of the CV parent asteroid interior and provide a useful basis for comparison with other CV meteorites in the future.