Monitoring of DSP toxins in small-sized plankton fraction of seawater collected in Mutsu Bay,Japan, by ELISA method: relation with toxin contamination of scallop

Monitorings were conducted on DSP toxins in mid-gut gland of scallop (mouse assay), cell numbers of toxic dinoflagellate species of Dinophysis, and diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins in small-sized (0.7-5 microm) plankton fraction of seawater collected from surface (0 m) and 20 m depth at a station in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture, Japan, in 2000. A specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed for the analysis of DSP toxins in small-sized plankton fraction using a mouse monoclonal anti-okadaic acid antibody which recognizes okadaic acid, dinophysistoxin-1, and dinophysistoxin-3. DSP toxins were detected twice in the mid-gut gland of scallops at 1.1-2.3 MU (mouse units) g(-1) on 26 June and at 0.6-1.2 MU g(-1) on 3 July, respectively. Relatively high cell densities of D. fortii were observed on 26 June and 11 September, and may only contribute to the bivalve toxicity during late June to early July. D. acuminata did not appear to be responsible for the toxicity of scallops in Mutsu Bay in 2000. ELISA monitoring of small-sized plankton fraction in seawater could detect DSP toxins two weeks before the detection of the toxin in scallops, and could do so two weeks after the loss of the bivalve toxicity by mouse assay. On 17 July, toxic D. fortii was detected at only small number, <10 cells l(-1), but DSP toxins were detected by the ELISA assay, suggesting a presence of other toxic small-sized plankton in seawater. For the purpose of reducing negative impacts of DSP occurrences, monitorings have been carried out hitherto on DSP toxins of bivalve tissues by mouse assay and on cell densities of "toxic" species of Dinophysis. Here we propose a usefulness of ELISA monitoring of plankton toxicity, especially in small-sized fraction, which are possible foods of mixotrophic Dinophysis, as a practical tool for detecting and predicting DSPs in coastal areas of fisheries grounds of bivalve aquaculture.     

空间数据转换标准：一种数据交换的促进因素

空间数据转换标准（ＳＤＴＳ）作为一个标准似乎有点似非而是。标准有助于制定规则并保持其稳定性。就此而论，ＳＤＴＳ既可作为数据交换的一个标准也可作为一种摧化剂。除了它是第一个主要的地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）标准外，ＳＤＴＳ呼吁并在继续呼吁，在整个联邦组织及与之有关的其它组织中进行有意义的数据交换。ＳＤＴＳ所进行的数据交换将注意力集中在ＧＩＳ标准的重要性上，而重要性本身又是产生ＧＩＳ标准基础设施的根本动力。     

受单轴应变循环作用层状脆性材料中一组张开型断裂的扩展

岩石中天然张开型断裂（节理）表面的纹理是循环加载的象征。采用表面喷有脆性涂层的有机玻璃薄板为材料的一系列模型实验，研究在层状脆性材料中单轴应变循环对一组断裂扩展的影响。     

地震力学（上）

1 引言地震是由构造应力引起的在地壳和地幔中的一种突然的破裂过程。为了解地震的物理学,确定在地震发生前、发生时及发生后各个阶段应力状态是非常重要的。在最近的几十年里,在地震学方面取得了重大进展,地震断层带附近应力状态的细节也变得越来越清楚。然而,应力状态一般来说是由在复杂结构传播的地震波间接地推算而来。由此确定的应力参数依赖于     

THE COMPILATION OF A DTM AND A NEW SATELLITE IMAGE MAP FOR KING GEORGE ISLAND,ANTARCTICA

1　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｔｐｒｅｓｅｎｔ,ＫｉｎｇＧｅｏｒｇｅＩｓｌａｎｄ (ＫＧＩ)ｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｔｅｄｓｉｔｅｓｉｎＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａ .Ｉｎｔｏｔａｌ,9ｐｅｒｍａｎｅｎｔｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｓｔａｔｉｏｎｓａｒｅｉｎｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｓｅｖｅｒａｌｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｃａｂｉｎｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｅｄ .ＤｕｅｔｏｔｈｅｅａｓｙａｃｃｅｓｓｖｉａｔｈｅＣｈｉｌｅａｎａｉｒｓｔｒｉｐｔｈｅｎｕｍ ｂｅｒｏｆｔｈｅｉｓｌａｎｄ’ｓｉｎｈａｂｉｔａｎｔｓｒ…     

块状岩体边坡倾倒破坏稳定性分析

基于Scavia模型，该文给出了由台阶状破坏面上柱状岩块所组成的具有潜在旋转-倾倒破坏模式的完整改进理论解。新的闭解允许经典模型中两组节理交汇所形成的直角可为任意角度，锚固力和地震作用力为任意方向，水压力可以是块体高度内的任意值。为了展示一般的运用方法，也为了说明倾倒破坏模式的普遍规律，该文接着给出了可变几何外形的若干理想边坡倾倒破坏的稳定性分析，其分析结果可以用来指导倾倒破坏边坡的加固处理     

改进钻进中硬岩层用的实心钻头结构

为了提高“C”型高转速钻头的技术经济指标，决定研制新型结构钻头，以保证获取更高的机械钻速，古比雪夫钻探机械生产联合体钻头设计局考虑到对C型钻头的现代化要求，研制出Ⅲ 215，9 C-ГВ-191型钻头。钻头轴承的特点是滚动体尺寸比例合理