江河源区生态环境范围的探讨

The Tibetan Plateau, as the origin of the Yangtze and Yellow rivers, is the region of climate variation and is very sensitive to climate change in China (Feng etal., 1998). The runoff in the upper reaches of the Yellow River has been decreasing at a rate of 9.8 m3/s per decade due to rapid climate warming in the Tibetan Plateau since the mid- and late 1980s (Zhang etal., 2000). Eco-environmental change is also extremely substantial in the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow rivers. T…     

非线性三维基准转换的稳健估计

三维基准转换广泛应用于大地测量和摄影测量。因为处理非线性的三维基准转换较困难，大多数情况下，是用线性的三维基准转换来解决问题，为此，提出了一种新的简便方法来处理非线性三维基准转换问题。该方法应用了稳健估计原理，使解算得到的转换参数更加稳定和可靠。最后给出了一个算例，计算结果表明新方法非常有效。     

基于唐宋文人足迹集聚性分析的中心文化城市变迁

中国历史文化研究一直是中国文学研究的热点,大量的研究都是基于文学作品本身或文人个体特征进行,缺乏大数据的支持;历史的发展是大量个体共同驱动的结果,文化地理中众多文人的行为潜在影响着古代文化分布和变迁。本文提出基于文人群体运动行为的位置关联和聚合的大数据分析方法,根据唐宋时期文人的移动足迹数据来论证中国历史上的文化中心城市的变迁。文化地理领域中的3次文化中心转移的观点,是基于3次历史事件驱动的定性推理分析,缺乏有效的古代文化方面的数据支撑。本文力图从数据科学、信息科学和GIS分析角度来审视这一结论。从人文领域已经出版的学术研究著作中采集唐宋时期具有代表性作家的11万条足迹数据,利用GIS的位置关联技术形成足迹图,构建了文人迁徙网络图;并采用空间化的PageRank算法计算出唐宋时期各城市的文化吸引力,直观地呈现出了不同时期文人聚集的中心城市,重塑唐宋文化中心变迁。同时,从定量、地理位置变化和时序角度剖析了中国不同时期城市的文化吸引力的分布和变化。为论证中国文化中心的南北变迁,对唐宋时期的城市文化吸引力聚合,以20年间隔来科学计算出南北文化中心的对比和演变,科学表现文化中心的南北随时间的变化,论证了中国文化中心3次南移的后2次,发现中国文化中心南移的时间早在北宋时期就已完成。     

青藏高原热力状况对东亚夏季副热带西风急流的影响

利用1961--2004年NCEP／NCAR月平均温度5层和200hPa风场再分析格点资料,以及通过倒算法得到的热源资料,采用SVD方法研究了夏季东亚地区副热带西风急流与青藏高原平均温度场的耦合特征,考察了青藏高原热源及其与西太平洋热源差对夏季东亚副热带西风急流的影响。结果表明,夏季整个青藏高原特别是高原北部平均温度场与急流中心强度变化联系紧密,而高原东南部平均温度场主要体现了夏季西风急流位置纬向一致的南北移动;其次,夏季副热带西风急流的变化还与青藏高原西南部与菲律宾以东的西太平洋热源差变化有密切联系。     

华北克拉通中生代以来基性岩墙群的分布及研究意义

围绕岩石圈破坏和减薄这个主题,华北克拉通成为近10年来国内外研究的热点地区。华北克拉通中生代以来基性岩墙群分布广泛,然而对此仍缺乏系统的研究。通过对基性岩墙群的系统总结,在详尽的资料收集和已有研究的基础上,重点对华北克拉通中生代基性岩墙群的研究现状、分布和意义进行了汇总和讨论。随后,结合近年来的研究经验,提出了基性岩墙群定年中应注意的问题。     

西北太平洋上层海洋对台风“巴威”(2008)的响应分析

基于多源卫星遥感数据、Argo浮标数据和HYCOM（HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model）再分析数据,分析上层海洋对2020年第8号北上强台风“巴威”的温盐响应特征,结果表明：（1）台风中心附近埃克曼（Ekman）抽吸引起上升流,表层以下海水辐合高盐冷水上翻,Ekman输运方向由台风路径指向路径两侧沿岸,海水在黄海两侧沿岸堆积引起下降流。由此导致台风路径附近海面温度（sea surface temperature,SST）与海面高度（sea surface height,SSH）下降,海面盐度（sea surface salinity,SSS）上升,路径两侧沿岸SSH上升,次表层海水温度增加和盐度降低。（2）由于台风前进方向右侧的风速更大,右侧Ekman输运强度比左侧大。台风更靠近右侧陆地,地形阻挡导致风速减小,在济州岛西南侧的海域上空10 m风呈现反气旋旋转,出现负Ekman抽吸速率（Ekman pumping velocity,EPV）,为下降流,所以在台风和济州岛之间的海域存在着由强烈上升流到下降流的转变。这会让原本台风前进方向右侧强的夹卷和垂直混合进一步加强。这就导致了SST下降和SSS上升在台风前进方向右侧更为显著。（3）除了夹卷和垂直混合,台风前进方向右侧SSS的增加还与表层海水由南向北的水平流动有关。     

Public housing and migration: a multi-level modelling approach

"This paper...[analyzes] the distance moved by one-year migrants using a multi-level modelling approach. Controlling for a range of socio-economic variables, derived from the 1991 British Census Sample of Anonymised Records (SAR), at both the individual and area level, the distance moved by household heads in public, privately rented and owner-occupied housing within Britain is assessed.... It is confirmed that migrants in public housing are less likely to migrate long distances than owner-occupiers and that the proportion of public housing in a SAR area, and the absolute reduction in public housing in a SAR area between 1981 and 1991, does not have a significant effect on the distance that in-migrants have moved."     

Scientific and technological power and international cooperation in the field of natural hazards: a bibliometric analysis

Natural Hazards - Research on natural hazards has become a focus due to the serious threat to human life and property. Based on the Science Citation Index Expanded and the Social Sciences Citation...     

EVAPOTRANSPIRATION OF LOW-LYING PRAIRIE WETLAND IN MIDDLE REACHES OF HEIHE RIVER IN NORTHWEST CHINA

1 IN T R O D U C T IO NW aterbalance and interactions are foundation to utilizew aterresources rationally in arid inland river basins inC hina (W U etal.,2005).W ateravailability in those ar-eas m ay be the m ain constraint to poverty alleviation,publiche…     

基于构造超压的地层压力预测方法研究

Traditional formation pressure prediction methods all are based on the formation undercompaction mechanism and the prediction results are obviously low when predicting abnormally high pressure caused by compressional structure overpressure. To eliminate this problem, we propose a new formation pressure prediction method considering compressional structure overpressure as the dominant factor causing abnormally high pressure. First, we establish a model for predicting maximum principal stress, this virtual maximum principal stress is calculated by a double stress field analysis. Then we predict the formation pressure by fitting the maximum principal stress with formation pressure. The real maximum principal stress can be determined by caculating the sum of the virtual maximum principal stresses. Practical application to real data from the A1 and A2 wells in the A gas field shows that this new method has higher accuracy than the traditional equivalent depth method.