南黄海自生黄铁矿成因及其环境指示意义

样品为１９８９年采自南黄海，利用显微镜，电子显微镜，电子探针和化学分析方法，对自生黄铁矿的形态，成份和同位素特征进行研究，在此基础上就其成因与形成环境的关系进行初步探讨。研究结果表明，自生黄铁矿集合体形态可以分为聚莓，单莓和细粒３种，霉体特征的形态是早期成岩作用阶段沉积物随机堆积的结果，可以作了沉积成因黄铁矿的形态标型黄铁矿微量成份特征显示其沉积成因，同时亦表现对泥质沉积物地球化学背景值的继承性，     

Local isotropy and anisotropy in the sheared and heated atmospheric surface layer

Longitudinal velocity and temperature measurements above a uniform dry lakebed were used to investigate sources of eddy-motion anisotropy within the inertial subrange. Rather than simply test the adequacy of locally isotropic relations, we investigated directly the sources of anisotropy. These sources, in a daytime desert-like climate, include: (1) direct interaction between the large-scale and small-scale eddy motion, and (2) thermal effects on the small-scale eddy motion. In order to explore these two anisotropy sources, we developed statistical measures that are sensitive to such interactions. It was found that the large-scale/small-scale interaction was significant in the inertial subrange up to 3 decades below the production scale, thus reducing the validity of the local isotropy assumption. The anisotropy generated by thermal effects was also significant and comparable in magnitude to the former anisotropy source. However, this thermal anisotropy was opposite in sign and tended to counteract the anisotropy generated by the large-scale/smallscale interaction. The thermal anisotropy was attributed to organized ramp-like patterns in the temperature measurements. The impact of this anisotropy cancellation on the dynamics of inertial subrange eddy motion was also considered. For that purpose, the Kolmogorov-Obukhov structure function equation, as derived from the Navier-Stokes equations for locally isotropic turbulence, was employed. The Kolmogorov-Obukhov structure function equation in conjunction with Obukhov's constant skewness closure hypothesis reproduced the measured second- and third-order structure functions. Obukhov's constant skewness closure scheme, which is also based on the local isotropy assumption, was verified and was found to be in good agreement with the measurements. The accepted 0.4 constant skewness value derived from grid turbulence experiments overestimated our measurements. A suggested 0.26 constant skewness value, which we derived from Kolmogorov's constant, was found to be adequate.     

甘肃北山红石山地区扫子山组构造变形特征及其动力学背景

甘肃北山地区扫子山组形成于早石炭世,是红石山蛇绿构造混杂岩的重要组成部分,记录并保存了红石山古洋盆形成及演化的地质信息,是讨论红石山地区晚古生代古地理环境及洋盆构造属性的重要窗口。详细的野外地质调查发现,该套地层构造变形强烈,原始层理难以辨识,为研究该套地层的沉积环境增添了难度。基于此,在查明扫子山组物质组成的基础上,通过详细的构造解析,厘定其构造序列,并通过剥离后期构造改造,恢复原始沉积层理。结果表明,扫子山组经历了3期构造变形,第1期为北北西—南南东向逆冲兼左行走滑,可能为洋壳向北俯冲的产物;第2期为北北东—南南西向挤压兼右行走滑脆−韧性变形,可能为碰撞阶段的产物;第3期构造变形以北东—南西向左行走滑为主,为次一级的晚期构造变形。变形样式及变质程度表明,扫子山组以中浅层次构造变形为主,地层未发生明显的倒转和缺失,该套地层物质成分及空间分布具有明显的规律性,显示裂谷型盆地向南趋于成熟的火山-沉积特征。 结合红石山−蓬勃山断裂以北发育石炭纪—二叠纪弧岩浆岩,揭示了红石山古洋盆向北俯冲的动力学过程,为进一步研究中亚造山带南缘构造演化过程提供地质依据。     

噪声抑制的多极化SAR海冰图像分割

合成孔径雷达(SAR)海冰图像分割对全球气候研究和保证船舶航行安全具有重要意义。现有的基于区域的马尔可夫随机场(MRF)多极化SAR分割方法,由于受相干斑噪声影响,其区域划分不尽合理,不能有效完成分割。因此,提出一种噪声抑制的多极化SAR海冰图像分割算法,首先在极化总功率图上引入降低噪声的滤波算法,合理划分初始区域,其次考虑区域之间的差异度,从而实现多极化SAR海冰图像的准确分割。以RADARSAT-2和SIR-C获得的全极化海冰图像为实验数据进行验证,结果表明:和其他较先进算法相比,本文算法优势明显,既能高效保持图像连通性,又能增强图像的细节信息,具有更高的分割精度。     

阿拉善高原古湖岸堤释光测年与晚第四纪湖面变化

阿拉善高原位于现代西风环流与东亚季风环流过渡带,该地区分布的湖泊对全球性气候变化响应极为敏感,阿拉善高原广泛分布的古湖岸堤为较准确地重建晚第四纪湖泊水位变化提供了良好载体。近年对黑河、石羊河尾闾湖泊以及吉兰泰盐池、雅布赖盆地等地的古湖岸堤的沉积地层以及石英和钾长石释光测年研究,重建了不同区域较高分辨率的末次间冰期以来湖泊时空演化过程。发现早在300 ka以前阿拉善高原就已经形成了高水位湖泊,黑河尾闾额济纳盆地在MIS 11或更早、MIS 9、MIS 7、MIS 5和MIS 1形成了高湖面湖泊,高湖面湖泊形成存在100 ka的周期。阿拉善高原在末次间冰期及全新世形成了稳定高湖面湖泊,但间冰期内部湖面波动具有空间差异性,东部区域湖泊高湖面出现在MIS 5e~5c和中全新世,西部湖泊高湖面出现在MIS 5a~5c和晚全新世。湖面变化的空间差异性很可能与冰期-间冰期旋回尺度及间冰期内部东亚夏季风与西风气候系统在阿拉善高原的相互作用密切相关。

     

Subduction-related 200 Ma Talun metagranite,SE Taiwan: an age constraint for palaeo-Pacific plate subduction beneath South China Block during the Mesozoic

Various tectonic models have been proposed to account for the widely distributed igneous activities in the southeastern part of the South China Block (SCB) during the Triassic–Jurassic period. One of the major contending debates is on the timing of initiation of the palaeo-Pacific plate subduction under the SCB, due to lack of unequivocal evidence for arc magmatism during the period in this region.

The 191 ± 10 Ma (N = 5, MSWD = 12) calc-alkalic high-K I-type Talun metagranite occurs in the southern Tailuko belt of the Tananao metamorphic complex, Taiwan. In terms of age, this metagranite belongs to the Early Yanshanian igneous activity in the southeastern part of the SCB. However, its geographic position does not accord with the well-known general oceanward younging trend of the Yansnanian igneous rocks. In view of the large age uncertainty reported, this metagranite is redated in this study. Some zircons of this metagranite are high in U content and are metamict. Zircons with low U contents are analysed by SHRIMP yielding a more precise age of 200 ± 2 Ma (N = 10, MSWD = 4). In particular, the εHf(t) of these dated zircons ranges from +4.5 to +12.9. The metagranite mainly consists of quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase, with minor amounts of garnet, biotite, zircon, apatite, and pyrrhotite. Chlorite and calcite are secondary phases overprinted by the later tectonic event(s). Its initial Sr isotope compositional range is 0.70473–0.70588, and εNd(t), +2.4 to +3.6. The results demonstrate that the genesis of this metagranite could be attributed to the assimilation-fractionation of a depleted mantle-derived basaltic magma, which was most likely related to arc magmatism. The present study therefore offers key evidence that during the Mesozoic, the palaeo-Pacific plate subduction underneath the SCB would have taken place no later than the very early Jurassic.     

Artificial upwelling induced by ocean currents —Theory and experiment

A submerged apparatus, which consists of a buoy, several horizontal contraction and expansion tubes (Venturi-type tubes) and a long pipe, is expected to be used to pump the subsurface sea-water (200–300 meter depth) containing abundant nutrients to surface layer (50–100 m) by the dynamic of ocean currents. i.e. an artificial upwelling without energy cost. A preliminary experiment and analysis are undertaken and shows that the capacity of pumping the nutrient-rich sea-water is worth to build a pilot prototype model.     

Magnetic stratigraphy observed in ferromanganese crust

Summary. A sample of ferromanganese crust deposit (SCHW-1D) was cut into two sets of 1 mm slices for palaeomagnetic study. Alternating field and thermal demagnetization, and isothermal remanent magnetization analyses were performed on each thin slice. The results reveal the presence of a stable magnetism and both normal and reversed polarity intervals in the specimens. The observed polarity intervals cannot be confidently correlated with the geomagnetic polarity time-scale of the last 10 Myr due to the polarity overlap inherent in the sampling technique. But the results confirm the slow accretion rate of ferromanganese deposit determined by ¹⁰Be method and suggest potential use of ferromanganese deposits in palaeomagnetic and tectonic studies.     

Optimal Filtering Algorithm for Stochastic 2-D FMM Ⅱ with Multiplicative Noise

1　Introduction　Inrecentyearstherehasbeengrowingresearchin terestinthetwo dimensional (2 D )systemtheory .The 2 Dsystemsmayfindapplicationsinareassuchasmarineseismicdataprocessingandimageprocessing .Althoughmoreandmorevaluableresultshavebeengained ,mos…