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41.
This study investigated the effects of ammonia-N(control and 1 and 5 mg L~(-1)) on the changes of metabolic enzymes activities and nitrogenous compounds levels in the gills, hepatopancreas, muscles, and hemolymph of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. Results showed that the levels of hemolymph ammonia increased significantly at 6 h and then decreased to control level at 12 h. The activities of key enzymes involved in biosynthesis pathways of glutamine(Gln) and urea, such as glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH), glutamine synthetase(GS), and arginase(ARG), increased remarkably in different tissues of P. trituberculatus. Gln level was the highest in muscles, while urea content was the largest in hepatopancreas. The m RNA expression level of xanthine dehydrogenase(XDH) was downregulated sharply in gills but upregulated in the hepatopancreas and muscles. A small amount of uric acid was detected in the hemolymph. This result suggests that Gln in muscles may be used as an intermediary nitrogen repository, while urea may be primarily synthesized in the hepatopancreas and then transferred to other tissues via the hemolymph. Uric acid could be synthesized by the anabolism of purine nucleotides, in additon to the inhibitory activities of gills. In addition, the levels of Gln, urea and uric acid exhibited dose-and time-dependent effects with ammonia content. Therefore, P. trituberculatus could possibly convert ammonia into Gln, urea, or uric acid to detoxify ammonia during high ambient ammonia-N stress. 相似文献
42.
43.
深入研究了两种增强型AlGaN/GaN高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)高温退火前后的直流特性变化.槽栅增强型AlGaN/GaN HEMT在500 ℃ N2中退火5 min后,阈值电压由0.12 V正向移动到0.57 V,器件Schottky反向栅漏电流减小一个数量级.F注入增强型AlGaN/GaN HEMT在 400 ℃ N2中退火2 min后,器件阈值电压由0.23 V负向移动到-0.69 V,栅泄漏电流明显增大.槽栅增强型器件退火过程中Schottky有效势垒 相似文献
44.
There are various factors governing the spatial and temporal variability of soil water storage including soil properties, topography and vegetation. Some factors act locally, whereas others act nonlocally, which means that a factor measured at one location has effect on soil water storage at another location. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of local and nonlocal controls of soil water storage in a hummocky landscape using cyclical correlation analysis. Soil water storage, soil properties and terrain indices were measured along a 128‐point transect of 576 m long from the semiarid, hummocky, prairie pothole region of North America. There are large coefficients of determination (r2) between soil water storage and sand content (r2 = 0.32–0.53), organic carbon content (r2 = 0.22–0.56), depth to carbonate layer (r2 = 0.13–0.63), wetness index (r2 = 0.25–0.45) and other variables at the measurement scale at different times, indicating strong local effects from these variables. The correlation coefficients were also calculated by physically shifting the spatial series of soil water storage with respect to that of controlling factors. The shifting improves the correlation between the spatial series, and the length of shifting indicated the difference in the response of soil water to its controlling factors. For example, the value of r2 increased more than eightfold (r2 = 0.47–0.64) after shifting the spatial series of soil water storage by 54 m, almost equal to the average length of existing slope, compared with the very weak correlation (r2 = 0.02–0.08) at the measurement scale. This indicated the nonlocal effect from the relative elevation. The identification of nonlocal effects from factors improves the prediction of soil water storage. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
45.
东亚梅雨锋暴雨研究进展 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
对梅雨锋的大尺度环流、梅雨锋的次天气尺度和中尺度特征、梅雨锋低空急流和暴雨发展等问题的研究进展作了概述,对低空急流和暴雨发展的各种观点进行了评述,并提出了新的见解和研究结果。 相似文献
46.
47.
地磁偏角实时自动修正技术在油田定向钻井中的应用 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
在油田定向钻井的磁导向定位系统中,地磁偏角校正是一个不可缺少的基本要素,同时在磁偏角校正值精度直接影响定向井的导向定位精度。因此,作者提出了提高地磁偏角校正值精度的方法,并试图将地磁偏角实时自动修正技术引入我国油田定向钻井领域。 相似文献
48.
一次梅雨锋低空急流形成的分析 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
对1979年6月24—25日的一次梅雨锋低空急流的形成进行了分析,它的形成是由于在300mb高空急流中心附近产生的地转不平衡,使急流入口区的右侧造成高空辐散的作用。当高空急流中心东移,急流入口区右侧的高空辐散区移到江淮流域上空,由此高空辐散引起对流层下部的质量调整,致使低空造成降压区与辐合。这降压区造成的变压风迭加到低空的西南气流上,沿通过该负变压区(或负变高区)中心的西南气流作为一条轴线,轴线的右侧变压风使西南风偏向低压一侧,从而使西南风的动能增加;轴线的左侧变压风使西南风偏向高压一侧,从而使西南风的动 相似文献
49.
A.M Celál Şengör Si̇lva Büyükaşikoğlu Nezi̇hi̇ Canitez 《Journal of Structural Geology》1983,5(2):211-216
Data for the post-Serravallian, ‘neotectonic’ evolution of the Pontides in northern Turkey indicate predominant ENE-WSW shortening with complementary NNW-SSE extension. We present a new fault plane solution for the Bartin earthquake (3 September 1968) and compare its mechanism with the movement picture of other neotectonic faults in the Pontides and northern Greece together with that of the Thessaloniki earthquake (20 May 1978). The general strain pattern exhibited by these structures agrees remarkably well with that inferred from early Tortonian-early Pleistocene structures reported from within the North Anatolian fault zone, which have been interpreted as indicating a possible reversal of the sense of movement along the North Anatolian transform fault. Here, we argue that such ‘incompatible’ structures may be related to the overall E-W shortening of Anatolia and the southern parts of the Black Sea resulting from the sideways continental escape from around the African and the Arabian promontories, rather than to hypothetical reversal of motion along the North Anatolian fault, for which there is no evidence other than the above-mentioned ‘incompatible’ structures. This new model also has important implications for seismicity and earthquake risk in regions contained within the southern part of the Black Sea plate. 相似文献
50.
西藏米拉山区土壤主要养分元素垂直分布特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了米拉山区域土壤常规营养变化情况。该区域位于冈底斯山脉东段,巨大的高差、复杂多样的地势结构与地貌作用过程,以及极为复杂多样的气候类型、植被分布等,决定了本区域土壤形成过程的多样化和鲜明的垂直地带性分异特点。按垂直高程变化每100m设一采样点采集各剖面层土样样品,分析其常规营养组成。结果显示:米拉山东坡土壤显弱酸性,西坡土壤从米拉山口至拉萨由弱酸性递变至弱碱性;有机质从林芝八一镇至米拉山口而至拉萨市呈现递减规律变化,而且随剖面深度增加而降低;土壤全氮东坡A层高于西坡,B、C两层变化不明显,速效态氮东西坡剖面层次性变化分明,从八一镇至米拉山口递增,从米拉山口至拉萨递减;全磷含量A层高于B、C层,东坡剖面层次性变化较西坡显著,有效磷从八一镇至米拉山口递减,从米拉山口至拉萨递增;研究区土壤中钾素含量变化不明显。 相似文献