恒山中元古代早期基性岩墙群的单颗粒锆石U—Pb年龄及其克拉通构造演化意义

华北克拉通中北部变质基底发育大规模的前寒武纪基性岩墙群,由于基性岩墙同位素定年技术存在问题,因此一直未获得岩墙群的确切年龄数据。本文利用单颗粒锆石U-Pb化学法,首次获得恒山地区北西向基性岩墙群的U-Pb年龄为1769.1±2.5Ma,并证明它代表基性岩墙群的侵位年龄,这一年龄数据也是华北克拉通大规模分布的未变质基性岩墙群已知的最古老年龄。综合分析同期岩浆活动的同位素年龄记录,本文提出中元古代早期华北的岩浆侵位发生于伸展构造背景下。     

吕梁—晋北地区晚前寒武纪镁铁质岩墙群侵位方式的磁组构证据

华北克拉通区内的吕梁-晋北地区广泛发育晚前寒武纪镁铁质岩墙群。该地区近EW向和NW-NNW向岩墙的磁组构测量结果表明,岩墙群磁各向异性与岩墙侵位的关系密切,磁化率的长轴能指示其岩浆侵位的流向。该区的岩墙群的岩浆源位于东侧的燕辽拗拉槽处,岩浆沿岩墙走向以一定仰角由ESE(或E)朝NW-NNW(或W)向流动,具板内裂谷模式。     

Late Paleoproterozoic extension and a paleostress field reconstruction of the North China Craton

Mafic dyke swarms and aulacogens are major anorogenic extensional events in the Late Paleoproterozoic North China Craton (NCC). The N–NNW mafic dyke swarms are widespread in the NCC, whose ages span between 1.83 and 1.77 Ga. The similar ages and orientations of  1.8 Ga dyke swarms in the NCC demonstrate that the amalgamated NCC experienced widespread extension at this time.Based on the width statistics of dyke swarms on ten survey lines, an average crustal extension ratio of 0.35% was found for the NCC. The small magnitude of overall extension suggests that the mafic dyke swarms were emplaced into the elastic fractures, and indicates that the NCC had become a brittle plate prior to the emplacement of the mafic dyke swarms.Precisely dated mafic dyke swarms, when used as paleostress indicators, can be employed in the paleostress field reconstruction of Precambrian cratons. Two dimensional finite element modeling (2-D FEM) of the NCC, in which the various blocks were assigned densities and elastic constants, shows that north–south compression favors dyke intrusion along generally N–NW lines, and that deviations in dyke trends can be explained by the effects of boundary constraints and the physical properties of the crust. The best fitting model can be considered a plausible representation of the tectonic force acting on the NCC that produces the intraplate stress field that is most consistent with the observed orientation of dyke swarms. The results of modeling of the Late Paleoproterozoic stress field suggest a common tectonic setting for the emplacement of mafic dyke swarms in the Central Orogenic Zone, Western and East Blocks of the NCC. The results also show that the north–south tectonic forces play an important role in determining the paleostress field in the NCC. The widespread extension of the NCC resulted from the north–south tectonic forces which may be related to the break-up of the Late Paleoproterozoic supercontinent. The paleostress field modeling provides a possible approach to consider the supercontinent paleostress reconstruction and to reveal the mechanisms of the supercontinent break-up.     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987113000893

Two petrologically distinct alkali feldspar syenite bodies （AFS-1 and AFS-2） from Chhotaudepur area, Deccan Large Igneous Province are reported in the present work. AFS-1 is characterized by hypidio-morphic texture and consists of feldspar （Or55Ab43 to Or25Ab71）, ferro-pargasite/ferro-pargasite horn-blende, hastingsite, pyroxene （Wo47, En5, Fs46）, magnetite and biotite. AFS-2 exhibits panidiomorphic texture with euhedral pyroxene （Wo47-50, En22-39, Fs12e31） set in a groundmass matrix of alkali feldspar （Or99Ab0.77 to Or1.33Ab98）, titanite and magnetite. In comparison to AFS-1, higher elemental concentra-tions of Ba, Sr and PREE are observed in AFS-2. The average peralkaline index of the alkali feldspar syenites is w1 indicating their alkaline nature. Variation discrimination diagrams involving major and trace elements and their ratios demonstrate that these alkali feldspar syenites have a shoshonite affinity but emplaced in a within-plate and rifting environment. No evidence of crustal contamination is perceptible in the multi-element primitive mantle normalized diagram as well as in terms of trace elemental ratios. The enrichment of incompatible elements in the alkali feldspar syenites suggests the involvement of mantle metasomatism in their genesis.     

碳酸盐岩构造裂缝发育模式探讨

从影响碳酸盐岩构造裂缝发育的主要因素入手,结合研究实例解剖分析,分别从岩性、层厚、风化作用、断裂作用、褶皱作用和区域构造应力场以及热液改造7个方面探讨了各种因素如何控制构造裂缝的发育程度和分布规律,并提出各种因素分别控制裂缝发育的概念模型。在考虑单一条件下,认为较粗粒的碳酸盐岩比较细的碳酸盐岩更易发育裂缝;薄层比厚层更易发育裂缝;风化壳顶部比下部更易发育裂缝;断裂附近比远离断裂更易发育裂缝;褶皱的转折端比翼部更易发育裂缝;区域应力场的应力集中部位更易比其他地区发育裂缝。热液改造裂缝可分为水力作用型和后充填型。     

新疆克拉玛依北西西向岩墙群侵位的磁组构证据

准噶尔盆地西北缘克拉玛依地区广泛发育二叠纪中基性岩墙群,该区岩墙被认为是碰撞后伸展的典型产物.本文根据岩墙宏观野外特征和镜下显微构造分析(岩墙分支、捕虏体、矿物线理和定向斑晶)得出研究区北西西-南东东向岩墙侵位方向由北西西向南东东侵位.通过对该区岩墙边界采样后进行磁化率各向异性测量得到磁组构的最大磁化率长轴优势方位分布图和磁组构各向异性特征分析,进一步指示其岩浆以一定仰角由北西西向南东东侵位.结合克拉玛依地区岩墙群与达拉布特深大断裂的时空分布特征推测该区北西西向岩墙岩浆来源于北西侧的达拉布特断裂,岩浆沿着达拉布特深大断裂上侵到先存裂隙而形成岩墙.     

The paleomagnetism and geological significance of Mesoproterozoic dyke swarms in the central North China Craton

The Mesoproterozoic mafic dyke swarms are extensively distributed in the central North China Craton(NCC) including North Shanxi, Wutai and Lüliang areas, which are not deformed and metamorphic but high magnetic, so the dyke swarms become the mark to compare the high metamorphic rock areas in magnetism. Based on the analysis of paleomagnetism of mafic dyke swarms in North Shanxi, Wutai and Lüliang areas, NCC inclined southward about 18ü so that North Shanxi lifted up and rotated 10ü left to Wutai area. The dyke swarms in Lüliang developed later than in North Shanxi and Wutai area. The NNW-trending and WNW-trending dyke swarms developed in Lüliang while the North China Plate moved northward consistently so that the paleomagnetism of dyke swarms in Lüliang is greatly different from North Shanxi and Wutai area.     

“吕梁运动”新认识

吕梁运动(1.90~1.70 Ga)长久以来被认为是华北克拉通最终稳定固结的造山运动.事实上, 在古元古代末期华北克拉通以伸展-裂解构造为主, 表现为拗拉谷系发育、非造山岩浆活动(环斑花岗岩、斜长岩、辉长岩、花岗岩类及伟晶岩脉等)、大规模基性岩墙群侵位以及早期变质基底隆升或退变质构造热事件等.对已有的大量同位素年代学资料分析后证明, 这一时期的岩浆侵位与基底构造-热事件在时间上的分布具有多峰式特点, 克拉通基底隆升退变质事件滞后于岩浆侵位, 明显区别于造山带普遍记录的构造变形-变质-岩浆侵位的事件序列.古元古代末期构造格局的重新认识, 为我国克拉通在元古代超大陆中的再造模式提供了最基本的制约条件.      

褶皱复杂程度的分形分类

本文根据褶皱的白相似性特征,引用分形概念,分析褶皱的分形分布特性,并利用MichaelBamsley（1986）的分形插值理论首次模拟褶皱的复杂形态,主要利用插值点（x、y）和褶皱扰动系数d模拟各种褶皱,在此基础上,提出褶皱复杂程度的分形分类方案。这种新的分类方案即褶皱形态的传统分类名称附缀分形分类名称,解决了传统分类方法不能区分褶皱复杂性的难题。这种方法使褶皱的形态分析达到较精确的定量描述和分类,分形分类方法是对褶雏形态分类的一个补充。