Nonlinear Coupled Motions for a Given Two-Point Tension Mooring System

—The nonlinear behaviors of plane coupled motions for a given two-point tension mooring sys-tem,are discussed in the present paper.For a cylinder moored by two taut lines under the action ofgravity,buoyance and forces due to wave-current and mooring lines,a mathematical model of motionswith three degrees of freedom is established.The steady solution and stability are analyzed.By integratingthe equations of motions,history,phase map and Poincare map are obtained.The Liapunov exponentsare also computed.The numerical results show that:the horizontal movement will increase,and stabilitywill also increase as the steady force increases.The amplitude of responses will decrease as time-dependentforces decrease.Because of the geometric nonlinearity,there exist many windows bifurcating to pseudo-pe-riodic or multi-periodic solution.The bifurcating patterns may be different.The behaviors are very com-plex.Under wave excitation alone,the motions are nonsymmetrical but still symmetrical statistically.     

CMIP5模式对中国近海海表温度的模拟及预估

基于观测和再分析资料;利用多种指标和方法评估了国际耦合模式比较计划（CMIP5）中21个模式对中国近海海温的月、季节和年际变化模拟能力。多模式集合能够再现气候平均意义下近海海温的空间分布特征;但量值上存在一定的低估。在渤海和黄海;集合平均与观测差别比较明显。在年际尺度上;与观测数据对比;模式模拟海温与Niño3指数相关性较小。中国近海海表面温度在1960-2002年有明显的升高趋势;从2003年开始增温趋缓。评估结果表明;ACCESS1.0、BCC-CSM1.1、HadGEM2-ES、IPSL-CM5A-MR、CMCC-CM、FGOALS-g2、CNRM-CM5-2、INMCM4八个模式对中国近海海温的变化有较好的模拟能力。利用ACCESS1.0、INMCM4、BCC-CSM1.1、IPSL-CM5A-MR、CMCC-CM这5个模式结果对中国近海海温未来的变化进行了预估。在RCP4.5、RCP8.5情景下;未来近100年中国近海海温有明显升高趋势;最优模式多模式集合平均增温分别可达到1.5℃、3.3℃;净热通量变化和平流变化共同促进了东海升温。     

双量子阱结构OLED效率和电流的磁效应

通过结构为ITO/NPB(60 nm)/ Alq₃ ∶1 wt% rubrene(20 nm)/ Alq₃(3 nm)/ Alq₃ ∶1 wt% rubrene(20 nm)/ Alq₃(20 nm)/LiF/Al的双量子阱的黄色有机电致发光器件,研究了不同磁场强度下的发光效率和电流变化特性. 研究结果表明该器件的电流是随着磁场强度的增加而单调下降的,显示了器件的电阻是随着磁场强度的增加而增加的. 同时也得到了该结构有     

中心外缺陷对带隙型光子晶体光纤色散特性的影响

利用时域有限差分法(FDTD)模拟仿真了在中心缺陷外出现点缺陷、空气柱位错和内层空气柱发生形变三种缺陷形态对光子带隙型光子晶体光纤(PBG-PCF)色散特性的影响.发现一方面缺陷的出现会使色散曲线趋于平坦,另一方面点缺陷和位错缺陷的出现会使零色散点向长波移动,内层空气柱的形变使零色散点向短波长移动.这对PBG-PCF的实际生产实践会有指导意义.     

Geochemistry of pore waters from the Xisha Trough, northern South China Sea and their implications for gas hydrates

This paper reports all available geochemical data on sediments and pore waters from the Xisha Trough on the northern continental margin of the South China Sea. The methane concentrations in marine sediments display a downhole increasing trend and their carbon isotopic compositions (δ ¹³C = −25 to −51‰) indicate a thermogenic origin. Pore water Cl⁻ concentrations show a range from 537 to 730 mM, and the high Cl⁻ samples also have higher concentrations of Br⁻, Na⁺, K⁺, and Mg²⁺, implying mixing between normal seawater and brine in the basin. The SO₄ ²⁻ concentrations of pore waters vary from 19.9 to 36.8 mM, and show a downhole decreasing trend. Calculated SMI (sulfate-methane interfaces) depths and sulfate gradients are between 21 and 47 mbsf, and between −0.7 and −1.7 mM/m, respectively, which are similar to values in gas hydrate locations worldwide and suggest a high methane flux in the basin. Overall, the geochemical data, together with geological and geophysical evidence, such as the high sedimentation rates, high organic carbon contents, thick sediment piles, salt and mud diapirs, active faulting, abundant thermogenic gases, and occurrence of huge bottom simulating reflector (BSR), are suggestive of a favorable condition for occurrence of gas hydrates in this region.     

A conduit-related genesis of the Lengshuiqing intrusive assemblage (Sichuan,SW China)

Lengshuiqing is part of the late Proterozoic igneous province from the western margin of the Yangtze craton. The Lengshuiqing area comprises five ultramafic–mafic intrusions, emplaced in the late Proterozoic Yanbian Group. The intrusions from Lengshuiqing contain cumulate ultramafic zones (peridotite + olivine pyroxenite), with cumulus olivine and Cr-spinel, and intercumulus pyroxenes, hornblende, phlogopite and plagioclase. Ni–Cu ore (pyrrhotite + pentlandite + chalcopyrite) is hosted in the ultramafic zones. Olivine-free diorite–quartz diorite ± gabbro and granite zones commonly occur above the ultramafic rocks. The genesis of the intrusions (conduit-related accumulation or differentiation from stagnant magma) was investigated. The amount of sulphides in the intrusions from Lengshuiqing is one order of magnitude bigger than the sulphides that can be dissolved by a volume of mafic magma similar with the volume of the intrusions. Most intrusions from Lengshuiqing have bulk composition (peridotite ± diorite ± granite) more magnesian (MgO = 21–22%; Mg# > 78) than the deduced composition of their parental magma (MgO = 9–11%; Mg# = 64–67). This indicates the accumulation of sulphide and mafic silicates from a volume of magma much bigger than the volume of the intrusions, which can be explained by the fractionation from magma ascending through the intrusions to shallower depths. A continuous supply and vent of magma is consistent with the lack of chilled margins, the melting of the wall rocks and the generation of high-temperature mineral assemblages (K-feldspar, diopside, and sillimanite) in the Yanbian Group. The intrusions from Lengshuiqing are seen as microchambers on conduits draining olivine-, Cr-spinel-, and sulphide-bearing mafic magma from a larger staging chamber.     

桑沟湾不同形态锰的分布、季节变化及影响因素

利用催化动力学分光光度法和两步提取法对2011年4月（春）、8月（夏）、10月（秋）和2012年1月（冬）桑沟湾海域溶解态无机锰(DIMn)和表层沉积物中的锰的含量进行测定。结果表明,桑沟湾4个季节（春季至冬季,后同）DIMn浓度呈现出近岸高、远岸低的分布特点,其平均浓度分别为(60.5±43.1) nmol/L、(42.0±30.5) nmol/L、(23.4±11.2) nmol/L和(18.2±13.5) nmol/L,呈现出明显的季节变化,即春季最高,夏季、秋季次之,冬季最低;与相邻的俚岛湾和爱莲湾相比,桑沟湾春季、夏季DIMn的浓度较高,秋季、冬季则没有显著性差异。桑沟湾表层沉积物中总Mn在4个季节的含量分别为(861±308) mg/kg、(915±322) mg/kg、(589±108) mg/kg、(653±185) mg/kg,表层沉积物中醋酸提取态Mn在4个季节的含量分别为(500±272) mg/kg、(502±232) mg/kg、(322±81) mg/kg、(345±91) mg/kg,两者均表现出近岸高、远岸低的分布特点。醋酸提取态Mn的含量在春季、夏季要显著高于秋季、冬季。悬浮颗粒物的吸附和浮游生物的利用是影响桑沟湾DIMn浓度与分布的重要因素。桑沟湾DIMn的源主要包括河流及地下水输送、大气输送、沉积物−水界面释放;汇主要包括养殖生物的清除、向黄海的输送等。简单箱式模型收支计算结果显示,桑沟湾DIMn的源略大于汇,表明除了养殖生物的清除和向黄海的输送,桑沟湾DIMn还存在其他汇。本研究的结果为桑沟湾DIMn的生物地球化学循环的深入认识提供了基础数据。     

The genus Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) in New Zealand: analysis of the last decade's monitoring data

The diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia blooms throughout New Zealand's coastal waters. More than a decade of monitoring data were analysed in this study and seasonality was a significant factor in the appearance of Pseudo-nitzschia blooms. Austral spring and summer were the main bloom periods, although there were regional differences. Between January 2000 and August 2011, 8.4% of 29,000 seawater samples analysed for Pseudo-nitzschia exceeded the voluntary trigger level for biotoxin testing (10×10⁴ cells l^?1), and these were analysed by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) assays. Pseudo-nitzschia fraudulenta and P. pseudodelicatissima (low domoic acid [DA] producers) were the dominant bloom formers throughout New Zealand (each contributing 25%) followed by the highly toxic P. australis (10%). Shellfish flesh testing for DA was triggered on 8477 occasions between 2000 and 2011, but no samples exceeded the regulatory limit (20 mg/kg); the maximum concentration was 13 mg/kg (Marlborough Sounds, mid-winter 2010).     

免疫多糖对栉孔扇贝酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响

在栉孔扇贝的血清、血细胞和肝脏提取液中均发现有酸性磷酸酶（ＡＣＰ）、碱性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ）和超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性,其中,ＡＣＰ和ＡＬＰ在肝脏中的活性最高。采用１．０％的虫草多糖或海藻多糖作为免疫药物,对栉孔扇贝进行注射刺激后,发现血清中的ＡＣＰ、ＡＬＰ和ＳＯＤ活性有显著提高,血细胞中的ＡＣＰ和ＳＯＤ活性也有所增加,而肝脏提取液的这三种酶活性的变化不很明显。研究认为这两种多糖具有增强栉孔扇贝免疫活性的作用,在水产养殖业中有一定的开发价值。     

不同光生物反应器培养坛紫菜 丝状体的比较研究

Vegetative cells of Porphyra haitanensis sporophytes were grown in a bubble-column and a draft-tube internal-loop airlift bioreactor at 20℃ with an illuminance of 40μmol photons m-2 s-1 for 20days. The draft-tube internal-loop airlift bioreactor yielded maximum cell density of 4850mg DCW (Dried Cell Weight)/L and higher growth rate of 0.094/d, compared to the bubble-column, 3950mg DCW/L and 0.086/d, respectively. The advantages were related to the more homogeneous fluid dynamic characteristics in the draft-tube internal-loop airlift bioreactor than the bubble-column bioreactor.