艾比湖Ash浅孔沉积信息揭示的环境演变过程

通过对艾比湖西南湖底1．8m浅孔的沉积特征、粒度组成、有机地化分析结合^14C测年数据重建湖泊沉积时代的环境面貌。研究显示近3000年来艾比湖地区的环境总体上是相对稳定的，全球的气候波动曾引起艾比湖水位和周边环境发生一定的变化。其中艾比湖在2600～2450aBP年问湖水相对较浅，气候相对冷干。2300a BP年左右湖泊深度变浅，剖面处受到河流的影响。2300～440a BP年间是艾比湖的高水位时期,气候温暖湿润，水陆生植物繁茂。440a BP以来湖泊变浅。气候变得更加干旱。艾比湖作为一内陆干旱区封闭型湖泊，对全球环境变化的响应较为敏感，艾比湖的形成演变具有典型的干旱区代表性。     

国土资源执法监察动态巡查综合系统研究

本文依托GIS平台,在GPS外置模块的支持下,快速生成巡查轨迹,以巡查轨迹为基础对国土资源“批、供、用、补、查、登”、土地利用、土地规划、基本农田、高分辨率影像等数据进行综合专题分析,给出相关地块空间和属性一致的分析报告,为操作者提供科学决策.     

A numerical study on dynamic properties of the gravity cage in combined wave-current flow

Recent work in the area of open-ocean aquaculture-system dynamics has focused either on the response of fish cages in waves or the steady drag response from ocean currents, not on them combined. In reality, however, the forces bearing on these open-ocean structures are a nonlinear, multidirectional combination of both waves and current profiles. In this paper, a numerical model has been developed to simulate the dynamic response of the gravity cage to waves combined with currents. When current flows are combined with regular waves, gravity-cage motion response (including heave, surge, and pitch) and mooring-line forces have been calculated. To examine the validity of simulated results, a series of physical model tests have been carried out. The results of our numerical simulation are all in close agreement with the experimental data.     

象山港的生态环境和中国对虾移植放流技术

将中国对虾移植至原本没有自然分布的象山港,首先需要了解放流海域的生态环境,掌握一整套生产性放流技术。这是研究移植放流虾群在新海域环境中栖息、摄食、移动、洄游、繁殖等方面的适应与规律的基础。     

Numerical modelling of a field soil desiccation test using a cohesive fracture model with Voronoi tessellations

Numerical modelling of a field soil desiccation test is performed using a hybrid continuum-discrete element method with a mix-mode cohesive fracture model and Voronoi tessellation grain assemblages. The fracture model considers material strength and contact stiffness degradation in both normal and tangential directions of an interface. It is found that the model can reasonably reproduce the special features of the field soil desiccation, such as curling and sub-horizontal crack. In addition, three significant factors controlling field desiccation cracking, fracture energy, grain heterogeneity and grain size are identified.     

端元快速提取的光谱梯度特征搜索法

由于数据量大,目前大多数端元提取算法均需较长的计算时间,限制了这些算法的有效应用。本文提出了以光谱梯度特征为搜索条件的快速端元提取方法,其核心包括基于光谱梯度特征的候选端元快速筛选和基于光谱解混误差的端元识别两部分。由于能够从影像中快速筛选出少量的像元光谱作为候选端元,故具有较好的计算性能;同时由于避免了非端元光谱参与端元识别,使得识别的结果具有更高的精度。试验表明,相比经典的IEA算法和ECHO算法,该算法不仅能大幅度提高端元提取速度,而且具有更准确的端元识别能力。同时,基于该算法原理,也可对现有各种算法进行改进,提升现有的各种端元提取算法的运算速度。     

Reassessment of Hydrofluoric Acid Desilicification in the Carius Tube Digestion Technique for Re–Os Isotopic Determination in Geological Samples

In this study, Re and Os isotopes were systematically determined in six geological reference materials (RMs; covering a wide range of lithologies) using the Carius tube (CT) digestion technique with and without hydrofluoric acid desilicification. Our results show that the HF desilicification increased the Re extraction efficiency (by 9–15%) evidenced from basaltic and andesitic rocks (e.g., BHVO‐2, TDB‐1 and AGV‐2). This implies that a small proportion of Re resides in silicate phases. For mafic–ultramafic rocks (e.g., BCR‐2, WGB‐1 and WPR‐1), Re extraction efficiencies obtained by the CT digestion with and without HF desilicification were similar. This may indicate that Re in these rocks may dominantly reside in some phases (e.g., magnetite and sulfides) that could be completely dissolved in aqua regia solutions without the aid of HF desilicification. Our results also show that the HF desilicification increased Os extraction efficiency (by 13–99%) in some RMs (e.g., BHVO‐2, WGB‐1 and AGV‐2). This observation suggests that a portion of Os‐rich trace phases may occur as inclusions in the silicate phases that act as isolators at ~ 200 mesh sizes. This study demonstrates that the HF desilicification step prior to CT digestion is important for complete extraction of Re and Os in geological samples.     

塔中地区碳酸盐岩与碎屑岩储层物性差异及主控因素

通过对塔里木盆地塔中地区55口探井的岩心观察及200多张铸体薄片的鉴定,分析了92口探井的孔渗、岩石压汞及测井解释成果,及其石炭系—志留系碎屑岩储层与奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层之间物性特征的差异,结合地质背景讨论了造成这些差异的主控因素。结果表明研究区碎屑岩储层总体为低孔低渗—中孔中渗,碳酸盐岩储层总体为低孔低渗—特低孔特低渗,两类储层的孔隙度、渗透率和孔喉半径三个物性特征参数之间的相关性完全不同。原始沉积作用是两类储层物性差异形成的基础,宏观上体现在储层沉积相带的不同,微观上体现在储层矿物组分、结构的差异;后期成岩作用,包括压实、溶蚀、胶结及构造裂缝改造是两类储层物性差异形成的关键,相对于碎屑岩储层物性参数大小的改变,碳酸盐岩储层物性受溶蚀、胶结、构造裂缝改造的影响较大,相对而言受压实作用的影响较小。两类储层物性差异主控因素的对比研究表明碎屑岩储层应侧重于优质沉积相带中原生孔隙油气勘探;碳酸盐岩储层应侧重于次生孔隙油气勘探。     

安徽省煤炭资源保障能力与找矿方向分析

安徽省煤炭资源储量丰富,煤种齐全.近些年,在华东地区煤炭资源需求持续旺盛的背景下,省内煤炭产能呈下降趋势,最新生产矿井核定产能为1.2696×108t.全省煤炭保有资源量3.52×1010t,两淮生产矿井与勘查区保有资源量2.616×108t,占总资源量的74.7％,且勘查与保障程度均较高,可保证安徽省煤炭工业经济的长期发展.未来通过解决开采下部B组煤高瓦斯煤层资源,并在老矿井深部及外围区、特厚松散层与推覆体下隐伏区开展煤炭资源找矿工作,可进一步扩大和稳定我省煤炭资源优势地位.     

铀矿地质成果数据2000国家大地坐标系转换方法研究

通过对铀矿项目地质成果数据中的空间数据进行分析,把数量庞大的数据分为单点空间数据和图形空间数据两类。在EXCEL软件平台下,使用VBA编写空间数据平面四参数程序,实现四参数模型计算和所有单点坐标的2000国家坐标批量转换。又由于90%的铀矿地质成果图采用MapGIS格式,故采用EXCEL结合VBA在MapGIS二次开发平台上编写程序,实现对MapGIS格式图件的2000国家坐标系的批量转换。选择鄂尔多斯市巴音青格利铀矿地质普查项目进行空间数据2000国家大地坐标的转换,并对结果进行精度分析。结果表明:此方法在生产中精度可靠且容易操作,可以快速准确地完成铀矿地质资料空间数据的2000国家坐标系转换,值得在其他铀矿勘查地区推广。