镇江市基础地理信息设计与实现

介绍了镇江市基础地理信息系统的开发环境、实现过程、基本功能和应用,给出了数据库管理的具体方法。该系统为城市规划及其他部门提供辅助决策支持的基础信息,拓宽测绘服务范围;为实现城市工程地质环境评价和城市可视化提供了基础数据和平台。     

罗园井田构造特征及发育规律探讨

通过对罗园井田普查、详查、勘探各阶段工作及以往资料的收集、整理,利用计算机成图,分析了该井田含煤地层的赋存形态,研究了井田的构造特征、变化规律,探讨了陡倾斜、缓倾斜断裂块段的辰布规律。对下一步的矿井设计、建设和开采具有一定的指导意义。     

Spatiotemporal patterns in urbanization efficiency within the Yangtze River Economic Belt between 2005 and 2014

The question of how to generate maximum socio-economic benefits while at the same time minimizing input from urban land resources lies at the core of regional ecological civilization construction. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) in this study to municipal input-output data for the period between 2005 and 2014 to evaluate the urbanization efficiency of 110 cities within the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) and then further assess the spatial association characteristics of these values. The results of this study initially reveal that the urbanization efficiency of the YREB increased from 0.34 to 0.53 between 2005 and 2014, a significant growth at a cumulative rate of 54.07%. Data show that the efficiency growth rate of cities within the upper reaches of the Yangtze River has been faster than that of their counterparts in the middle and lower reaches, and that there is also a great deal of additional potential for growth in urbanization efficiency across the whole area. Secondly, results show that urbanization efficiency conforms to a “bar-like” distribution across the whole area, gradually decreasing from the east to the west. This trend highlights great intra-provincial differences, but also striking inter-provincial variation within the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The total urbanization efficiency of cities within the lower reaches of the river has been the highest, followed successively by those within the middle and upper reaches. Finally, values for Moran’s I within this area remained higher than zero over the study period and have increased annually; this result indicates a positive spatial correlation between the urbanization efficiency of cities and annual increments in agglomeration level. Our use of the local indicators of spatial association (LISA) statistic has enabled us to quantify characteristics of “small agglomeration and large dispersion”. Thus, “high- high” (H-H) agglomeration areas can be seen to have spread outwards from around Zhejiang Province and the city of Shanghai, while areas characterized by “low-low” (L-L) patterns are mainly concentrated in the north of Anhui Province and in Sichuan Province. The framework and results of this research are of considerable significance to our understanding of both land use sustainability and balanced development.     

基于ERA Interim的L波段探空秒级风速算法检验

本文基于L波段探空雷达高垂直分辨率方位数据,通过在不同探空高度处选取不同尺度的时间窗口,设计了计算秒级风速的3种方案。通过比较3种计算方案得到的秒级风速与ERA-Interim再分析资料在平均偏差Bias和均方根误差RMSE等指标上的差异,给出了计算秒级风速的最优算法。结果表明:由于雷达的定位存在系统偏差,窗口选取过大或过小均会引入较大的秒级风速误差,选取适当尺度的时间窗口是准确计算秒级风速的必要条件。另外,基于ERA-Interim再分析资料具备良好的时空一致性,本文提出了1种检验L波段秒级风速算法优劣的新方案。     

Synchronism of runoff response to climate change in Kaidu River Basin in Xinjiang, Northwest China

The runoff in alpine river basins where the runoff is formed in nearby mountainous areas is mainly affected by temperature and precipitation.Based on observed annual mean temperature,annual precipitation,and runoff time-series datasets during 1958–2012 within the Kaidu River Basin,the synchronism of runoff response to climate change was analyzed and identified by applying several classic methods,including standardization methods,Kendall's W test,the sequential version of the Mann-Kendall test,wavelet power spectrum analysis,and the rescaled range(R/S) approach.The concordance of the nonlinear trend variations of the annual mean temperature,annual precipitation,and runoff was tested significantly at the 0.05 level by Kendall's W method.The sequential version of the Mann-Kendall test revealed that abrupt changes in annual runoff were synchronous with those of annual mean temperature.The periodic characteristics of annual runoff were mainly consistent with annual precipitation,having synchronous 3-year significant periods and the same 6-year,10-year,and 38-year quasi-periodicities.While the periodic characteristics of annual runoff in the Kaidu River Basin tracked well with those of annual precipitation,the abrupt changes in annual runoff were synchronous with the annual mean temperature,which directly drives glacier-and snow-melt processes.R/S analysis indicated that the annual mean temperature,annual precipitation,and runoff will continue to increase and remain synchronously persistent in the future.This work can improve the understanding of runoff response to regional climate change to provide a viable reference in the management of water resources in the Kaidu River Basin,a regional sustainable socio-economic development.     

淮南六方堤多层冲填土坝体滑动稳定性计算

针对淮南六方堤水力冲填土的纵横向分异特点,选择不同的物理力学参数,利用求安全系数的等值线法,对台阶状六方堤进行了滑动稳定性计算。     

Paleoclimate implication of oxygen and carbon isotopic composition from diagenesis coral

Oxygen and carbon isotopic compositions of diagenesis? coral samples from NY-1 core at the depth of 22 to 50 m, together with mineral compositions of transitive coral samples of 17 to 18 m at the depth, were meas ured. The data exhibited that when aragonite changed to calcite, its oxygen and carbon isotopic compositions dropped roughly on a linear trend. The linear trend implies that the oscillation pattern of the origin oxygen and carbon isotopic ratios of the aragonite could probably be retained after they diageneticly changed into calcite. Oxygen isotopic stratigraphy for the NY-1 core at the depth between 22 and 50 m was determined according to the δ⁸O ratios of the calcite coral. The oxygen stratigraphy provided an age of about 289 ka for 45 m of the NY-1 core, which agreed with that by paleomagnetic stratigraphy.     

中国早古生代若干高硒黑色岩系中层状硅质岩的地球化学特征及其成因意义

在中国早古生代若干高硒黑色岩系中发育有数层的厚度不等的层状硅质岩,SiO₂含量一般在 90%以上,岩石富Fe,相对贫Mn、Al、Ti。亲石元素大量亏损,但富典型的热水沉积指示元素Ba、As、Sb,也有一定的铂族元素(PGE)的异常,稀土元素的配分模式呈左倾,有明显的Ce的负异常和轻微的Eu的正异常。δ3 0 Si值变化范围为- 0 .7‰～ 1.2‰,δ18O值变化范围为 17.6‰～ 2 9.0‰。硅质岩的地球化学表明其为热水沉积作用的产物。文章最后讨论了热水成因硅质岩的形成与硒富集的关系,认为形成硅质岩的构造环境可能是地壳深部Se得以上升到浅部聚集的前提,而含硅热液则可能是硒的良好的”溶剂”。     

苏鲁超高压变质带南部浅变质朋河石岩组地质特征及研究意义

通过对朋河石岩组分布区的地质填图、地质剖面观察及接触关系研究 ,将朋河石岩组分为二个段 ,并指出该岩组变质程度属低绿片岩相 ,上部变质压力较高 ,达中高压相系 ;该岩组为浊流沉积产物 ,与下伏赋存榴辉岩的花岗质片麻岩呈构造叠覆接触关系。通过分析讨论认为 :朋河石岩组形成的地质背景为晋宁期大陆碰撞之后的上叠盆地 ,在三叠纪前后构造滑覆于已抬升到地表的超高压变质岩之上 ,朋河石岩组底界为超高压变质带边界