厦门海域1994～1999年死亡和放生的海豚

近６a（１９９４～１９９９年）来,在厦门及其邻近海域记录了１６头死亡或放生的中华 白诲豚（Ｓｏｕｓａ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ））其中含１１头死亡尸体、２头误捕个体和３头放生个体。对尸体进行测量和取样,较详细地研究了其基本生物学特征,探讨了死因保护策略。同时,对２头江豚（Ｎｅｏｐｈｏｃａｅｎａ ｐｈｏｃａｅｎｏｉｄｅｓ）和２头宽吻诲豚（Ｔｕｒ－ｓｉｏｐｓ ｔｒｕｎｃａｔｕｓ）也加以报道。     

烟台市土地出让收益现状探析

土地出让收益与地方经济社会发展密切相关,近几年,烟台市土地收益出现下滑,土地出让量下降明显,面临的形势较严峻。结合烟台实际,对现状进行了深入探讨,究其下滑原因除受宏观环境影响外还与自身工作不足有关;并就下步工作提出了切实可行的解决办法。     

Mapping Air Temperature in the Lancang River Basin Using the Reconstructed MODIS LST Data

Air temperature is an important climatological variable and is usually measured in meteorological stations. Accurate mapping of its spatial and temporal distribution is of great interest for various scientific disciplines, but low station density and complexity of the terrain usually lead to significant errors and unrepresentative spatial patterns over large areas. Fortunately the current studies have shown that the regression models can help overcome the problem with the help of time series remote sensing data. However, noise induced by cloud contamination and other atmospheric disturbances variability impedes the application of LST data. An improved Savizky-Golay (SG) algorithm based on the LST background library is used in this paper to reconstruct MODIS LST product. Data statistical analysis included 12 meteorological stations and 120 reconstructed MODIS LST images of the period from 2001 to 2010. The coeffificient of correlations (R²) for 80% of the stations was higher than 0.5 (below 0.5 for only 2 stations) which illustrated that there is a considerably close agreement between monthly mean TA (air temperature) and the reconstructed LST in the Lancang River basin. Comparing to the regression model for every month with only LST data, the regression model with LST and NDVI had higher R² and RMSE. Finally, the LST-NDVI regression method was applied as an estimate model to produce distributed maps of air temperature with month intervals and 1 km spatial in the Lancang River basin of 2010.     

中国生态学研究的回顾与展望(英文)

生态学作为一门研究生物有机体与其生活环境之间相互关系的学科,自Haeckel提出以来已有一个半世纪的时间。当代的生态学,在积极参与解决全球发展面临的迫切问题中逐渐摆脱了其初期发展阶段的某些纯自然主义倾向的局限性,扩展了研究的范围和领域,在研究方法和手段也实现了现代化,成为自然科学和社会科学之间的桥梁。尽管中国在悠久的发展历史中积累了丰富的具有深刻生态学思想的宝贵经验,但直到20世纪50年代新中国成立以后生态学才作为一门学科在我国得到发展。其发展历程可以归纳为以下4个阶段:原始萌芽阶段、基础生态学研究阶段、生态系统研究阶段以及当代生态学研究阶段。本文在简要回顾中国生态学发展的基础上,选择了几个研究领域进行了重点介绍,包括:生物多样性保育、全球变化生态学、退化生态系统的恢复与沙漠化控制、青藏高原生态系统研究、可持续发展研究以及生态系统服务评估与生态补偿等。最后,基于中国生态学研究的现状和需求,提出了今后生态学发展的6个优先领域。     

价值转换方法在中国生态服务评估中的应用和发展(英文)

国内和国外生态系统服务物理量和价值量的评估都难以得出让公众和学术界普遍接受的结果,这反映了该领域研究方法还不成熟,需要继续完善。如何建立符合中国基本国情的单位价值量是核算生态系统服务功能价值的核心。由于中国缺乏完善的市场环境,如何选择一个合理的价格体系作为衡量生态系统服务的单位价值量仍然还是一个难题。目前普遍采用的市场价格很难真实反映消费者剩余,从而导致单位价值或者说最终价值评估结果的不准确。本研究将生态服务划分为食物生产、原材料生产、景观愉悦、气体调节、气候调节、水源涵养、土壤形成与保持、废物处理、生物多样性维持共9项,就森林、草地、农田、湿地、水体和荒漠6类生态系统的9项生态系统服务价值相对生态重要性进行了问卷调查,进而形成中国生态系统单位面积生态服务价值评估单价体系,通过结果对比发现,该生态系统服务单价体系与基于物质量估算的生态系统服务价值之间具有较好的可比性,可较准确地反映中国各项生态系统服务的相对重要性,在没有其他更为可靠的方法的情况下,可以采用该方法对中国生态系统服务价值进行评估,可以作为适合中国生态系统状况和经济发展水平的一个生态系统服务价值评估工具。对上述方法的合理性我们也做了一个问卷调查,约70%的被调查者认为这是一个"比较合理"的评估方法,约20%的被调查者认为并不合理,可以肯定在生态系统服务价值评估技术取得更新的一些研究成果之前,这种对生态系统服务价值进行评估的方法将长期存在争论。本方法仍有许多需要改进和完善之处,如生态系统服务价值的空间异质性和时间动态性有待考虑,具体应用时可采用生态服务价值生物量调整因子来做进一步修订。     

Experimental study on dispersive soil in western Jilin

In order to research engineering geological properties of the soil in Zhenlai of western Jilin,especially the dispersivity of soil,the authors carried out the basic physicochemical test and dispersivity identification test.The results show that the dispersivity of the soil increases with the increase of depth within 0-30 cm (surface soil);it decreases as the depth increases within in 30-100 cm.Furthermore,the statistical analysis of the dispersivity indexes and physicochemical propertity indexes show that t...     

Lead,cadmium pollution of seafood and human health risk assessment in the coastline of the southern China

In order to evaluate the exposure risk of lead and cadmium in seafood for coastal residents in the coastline of the South China, representative seafood such as sea fish, crustaceans and molluscs were collected and used as research samples in many sampling points. By determining lead and cadmium content in sample using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, we carried out a safety evaluation of lead and cadmium contamination of seafood by single factor pollution index method. By calculating lead, cadmium intake of the coastal residents eating seafood, their exposure risk of lead, cadmium was assessed. It was found that, firstly, the content of lead and cadmium in mollusks was both higher than sea fish and crustaceans in the same waters. Secondly, the lead and cadmium pollution in seafood near the mouth of Pearl River was the most serious. Thirdly, lead and cadmium intakes of the coastal population eating seafood were at a basic level of security, but there were certain risks on the males less than 17 years old eating molluscs in Shenzhen Bay.     

吉尔吉斯南天山Djanydjer蛇绿混杂岩地质特征及辉长岩年代学研究

位于吉尔吉斯斯坦南天山缝合带附近的Djanydjer蛇绿混杂岩由蛇纹石化橄榄岩、辉长岩、玄武岩、硅质岩等组成。通过对辉长岩中锆石U Pb年代学研究获得两组年龄：(422.0±2.0) Ma (MSWD=1.2),(397.3±3.9) Ma (MSWD=0.6)。结合境内外南天山蛇绿混杂岩的年代学特征,认为前者代表辉长岩的形成时代,表明分割吉尔吉斯斯坦中天山和塔里木克拉通的洋盆在晚志留世早期已经存在。由辉长岩中获得的中泥盆世年龄可能与洋壳闭合蛇绿岩构造侵位或后期花岗质岩浆侵入作用相关。与Djanydjer蛇绿混杂岩产出于同一构造带上的变质沉积岩组合,一直以来被认为是前寒武纪的变质地体,文中对其中的白云母石英片岩的研究发现,其碎屑锆石记录了较宽的年龄范围（406~2 856 Ma）。通过与阿特巴什变质硬砂岩中的碎屑锆石和塔里木克拉通岩浆锆石的比较发现,白云母石英片岩与包裹榴辉岩的变质杂岩相似,原岩的沉积时代不早于早泥盆世,其部分物源可能来自吉尔吉斯中天山-北天山。     

地基微波辐射计探测空中水个例分析

本文通过对山西省运城市市、县两级气象部门现有网络传输方式存在问题的介绍,提出了基于Inter-net上的VPN技术全面改造方案。该方案具有传输速度快,费用低廉等特点,适用于各个行业和部门。     

An Early Aged Ophiolite in the Western Kunlun Mts., NW Tibetan Plateau and Its Tectonic Implications

1 Introduction The Kuda ophiolite occurred in the western Kunlun Mountains, which lies about the intersection of longitude 77°10′ E and latitude 36°45′ N (Figs. 1, 2). The upper portion of the ophiolite mainly consists of a thick layer of basaltic pillow lavas, which was well exposed along the high way from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to the western Tibetan Plateau, and the middle-lower part, the mafic-ultramafic cumulates and upper mantle rocks occur at the top of the mountain n…