2006年9月4—5日四川暴雨过程分析

2006年夏季川渝地区旱灾严重,入秋第一场暴雨过程迅速减弱了川渝地区的高温灾害,同时初步缓解了该地区的旱情,由于雨势强劲亦造成不少地区重大经济损失.采用1°×1° NCEP再分析资料对2006年9月4-5日发生在高原东侧的一次暴雨过程进行物理量的诊断分析.结果表明:本次过程中低空急流的位置与以往的过程不同,它出现在低压的北侧,加快了北方冷空气和水汽的输送,此外低空急流出现和消失都早于风场辐合区,是低压发生发展的动力条件.从视热源和视水汽汇分析表明本次降水积云对流活跃,以对流性降水为主.     

陕西汉中地区早寒武世磷铀矿成矿特征与伴生元素的研究

大量磷铀矿床 (点 )产于扬子地台边缘海盆 ,含矿岩系为下寒武统 ,矿床产出在适宜的岩相古地理与古构造部位 ,分东西两个成矿带。东带鲁家坪组与西带宽川铺组 ,具有两种不同磷铀矿及其伴生元素组合的岩相特点。西带最重要的是含铀磷块岩 ,以磷 -铀 -钒组合为特点。而东带则较复杂 ,有 :碳硅板岩铀 -钡 -磷组合 ;硅质板岩铀 -磷 -矾组合 ;重晶石 -石英脉中铀 -钡组合。东带镇巴区三种组合类型铀 (磷 )矿形成与造山运动关系密切 ,而西带宽川铺区磷 (铀 )矿形成与造海运动关系密切     

Parallel computation of seismic analysis of high arch dam

Parallel computation programs are developed for three-dimensional meso-mechanics analysis of fully-graded dam concrete and seismic response analysis of high arch dams （ADs）, based on the Parallel Finite Element Program Generator （PFEPG）. The computational algorithms of the numerical simulation of the meso-structure of concrete specimens were studied. Taking into account damage evolution, static preload, strain rate effect, and the heterogeneity of the meso-structure of dam concrete, the fracture processes of damage evolution and configuration of the cracks can be directly simulated. In the seismic response analysis of ADs, all the following factors are involved, such as the nonlinear contact due to the opening and slipping of the contraction joints, energy dispersion of the far-field foundation, dynamic interactions of the dam-foundation- reservoir system, and the combining effects of seismic action with all static loads. The correctness, reliability and efficiency of the two parallel computational programs are verified with practical illustrations.     

玻璃钢百叶箱与木制百叶箱内温湿度测量的对比分析

通过分析2005年2—7月玻璃钢百叶箱与木制百叶箱内温湿度对比试验资料，得到了两种材料百叶箱内温湿度测量的差异以及两种百叶箱间对大气温湿度变化反应速度的差异，并分别讨论了不同云量、不同风速条件下，两种材料百叶箱气温测量差值的变化。结果表明：两种材料百叶箱内测量的气温平均差值在0．1℃以内，差值标准差在0．2℃以内，相对湿度平均差值在0．4％以内，差值标准差在2．1％以内；玻璃钢百叶箱对大气温湿度的反应比木制百叶箱快或相当；无论在多云和少云条件下，还是高风速和低风速条件下，两种百叶箱内测量的气温差值普遍在0．1℃以内。     

Using web demographics to model population change of Vietnamese-Americans in Texas between 2000 and 2009

With respect to the great wealth of information available online, the Internet can be viewed as a gigantic database with diverse resources. One of the pressing issues is to investigate the effectiveness and usefulness of the available information over the Internet. This research modeled the population change of Vietnamese-Americans (VA) in Texas from 2000 to 2009 by obtaining web demographic data from the Internet. The project objective is to pilot study a novel approach to conducting online “census” by using Web 2.0 technologies and to investigate the effectiveness of web data for GIS-based demographic application. The solicited VA demographics were geocoded at both county and census tract levels and compared with the Census 2000 demographics in the Geographic Information Systems. Spatial and statistical analyses were used to explore the spatial distribution of VA and to model their population change between 2000 and 2009. The findings of this study include: (1) in general, there are significant differences in the spatial distribution of the VA population between the web demographics and Census 2000 at both county and census tract levels, (2) the Hoover Indices of VA population in Texas at 2000 and 2009 revealed a trend of deconcentration which conforms to the general rural-urban-suburban migration among major metropolitan areas in Texas. This study sheds new insights to using web demographic data for population predictions and applications to plan services for ethnic groups.     

湘江入湖河段沉积物重金属污染及其Pb同位素地球化学示踪

湘江是我国重金属污染最严重的河流之一.本次工作利用等离子质谱(ICP-MS)和多接收同位素质谱(MC-ICP-MS)等技术,对湘江入湖河段沉积物进行了系统的重金属微量元素和Pb同位素分析.结果表明,湘江河床沉积物明显富集Bi、Sc、V、Mn、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Sn、Sb等多种重金属微量元素,而湖盆沉积物重金...     

Experimental study on effect of a new vortex control baffler and its influencing factor

The horseshoe vortex generated around the sail-body junction of submarine has an important influence on the non-uniformity of submarine wake at propeller disc.The flow characteristics in the horseshoe vortex generated area are analyzed,and a new method of vortex control baffler is presented.The influence of vortex control baffler on the flow field around submarine main body with sail is numerically simulated.The wind tunnel experiment on submarine model is carried out,and it is proved that the vortex control baffler can weaken the horseshoe vortex and decrease the non-uniformity of the wake at propeller disc.It is shown from the experiment results that the effect of vortex control baffler depends on its installation position;with a proper installation position,the non-uniform coefficient of submarine wake would be declined by about 50%;the Reynolds number of submarine model has an influence on the effect of vortex control baffler too,and the higher the Reynolds number is,the better the effect of the vortex control baffler is.     

Numerical research on drag reduction by ventilated partial cavity based on two-fluid model

This paper presents a numerical study on the drag reduction mechanism created by a ventilated partial cavity and its associated effects by the downstream dispersed microbubbles. A semi-empirical approach is introduced to model the discrete interface of the ventilated cavity and its complex gas leakage rate induced by the local turbulent shear stress. Based on the Eulerian–Eulerian two-fluid modeling framework, a population balance approach based on MUltiple-SIze-Group (MUSIG) model is incorporated to simulate the dynamical effects of bubbly flow along the test body. Particular attention is also directed to grasp a better understanding of the size evolution of microbubble and its associated effects on drag reduction. Model predictions are validated against three experimental measurements carried out in a high-speed water tunnel by Schauer (2003) and Wosnik et al. (2005). Close examination of the flow structures, gas void fraction distributions and its resultant density ratio provides valuable insights on the complex physical phenomenon, helping to consolidate idea to maximize the drag reduction for ventilated cavitating vehicles.