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941.
沙坝—潟湖是一类持续处于动态平衡调整过程中的地貌系统,具有河口典型的生态系统和重要的科研价值。文章从物源供给特征、外部干扰特征和沙坝—潟湖系统结构特征3个方面考虑,构建了沙坝—潟湖系统稳定性评价指标模型,用于评估浮渡河河口沙坝—潟湖稳定性。结果表明:2001—2012年沙坝—潟湖稳定性明显下降,河口筑坝、围海养殖等海岸开发活动强度的增加是引起稳定性下降的主要原因。在人类干扰活动较小的阶段,沙坝—潟湖稳定性会逐步调整并趋于动态平衡,但很难恢复原始稳定状态。沙坝-潟湖海岸是海岸整治修复的重要对象,采用量化指数方法识别沙坝-潟湖海岸演化趋势,可进一步增强海岸整治修复对策合理性。 相似文献
942.
1999年在四川省德阳市绵竹县发生了两次5.0级地震.其中1999年11月30日绵竹汉旺5.0级地震前,德阳市地震局对该次地震的时问、地区、震级三要素做出了准确的短临预报.该项预报在人口稠密经济发达的四川德阳地区成功实现,取得了良好的社会和经济效益,得到了中国地震局,德阳市人民政府的充分肯定,并予以表彰和奖励. 相似文献
943.
Effects of the anthropogenic activities on the morphological evolution of the Modaomen Estuary,Pearl River Delta,China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Owing to the intensive human activities, the Modaomen Estuary has been significantly modified since 1950s, which has resulted in considerable changes of hydrodynamics and morphodynamics in the area. In this paper, the effects of the anthropogenic activities on the hydrodynamics and morphological evolution in the estuary at different stages are systematically assessed based on the detailed bathymetric data and field survey. The results show that the human activities have caused the channelization of the enclosed sea area in the Modamen Estuary;fast seaward movement of the mouth bar with high siltation;expansion of the channel volume due to channel deepening. The paper also highlights the main hydrodynamic changes in the estuary, including the rise of the water level;the distinguishing changes of tidal range before and after the 1990s (decrease and increase respectively); as well as the increase of the divided flow ratio. It is found that reclamation is the main factor promoting the transition of nature of the estuary from runoff dominant to runoff and wave dominant, and sand mining activities are mainly to strengthen the tidal dynamic and to low the water level. The results provide useful guidance for better planning of the future developments in the estuary and further research in the area. 相似文献
944.
945.
946.
Study of shallow groundwater quality evolution under saline intrusion with environmental isotopes and geochemistry 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Evolution of the shallow groundwater quality under saline intrusion in porous aquifer system has been studied with environmental
isotopes and geochemistry in the Laizhou Bay area, China. Two campaigns of water sampling from various sources were carried
out in spring and winter for environmental isotopic and chemical analyses. The origin of groundwater salinity from intrusion
of both modern seawater and deep brine water was identified by analysing the correlations between 18O, D, T, Cl−, SO42− and electrical conductivity. The results indicate that the brine is originated from evaporating and concentrating of intruded
seawater and its δD and δ18O are different from modern seawater but similar to those of mixture of seawater with fresh groundwater. It is hard to distinguish
the salinity origin in this area by the δD–δ18O relationship alone. The relations between δ18O and conductivity, Cl− and SO42− have been used to identify the salinity origin due to the distinct difference in salinity between the brine and seawater,
conjunctively with use of T. A threshold of T = 12 TU was adopted to identify the origin of saline groundwater. 相似文献
947.
在煤田测井中,井径的变化对其它测井参数是一种干扰,但利用井径的相对变化值(井径扩大系数),可有效地评估岩石的强度等级和可采煤层顶底板的稳定性。统计鱼卡煤田东部勘探区29个钻孔孔径的变化值,按岩石抗压强度划分原则,将其七煤顶板稳定性划分为5个等级,据此固定了该煤田七煤顶板稳定性分布图。 相似文献
948.
Ali Polat Peter W.U. Appel Robert Frei Yuanming Pan Yldrm Dilek Juan C. Ordez-Caldern Brian Fryer Julie A. Hollis Johann G. Raith 《Gondwana Research》2007,11(1-2):69
The Mesoarchean (ca. 3075 Ma) Ivisaartoq greenstone belt in southern West Greenland includes variably deformed and metamorphosed pillow basalts, ultramafic flows (picrites), serpentinized ultramafic rocks, gabbros, sulphide-rich siliceous layers, and minor siliciclastic sedimentary rocks. Primary magmatic features such as concentric cooling-cracks and drainage cavities in pillows, volcanic breccia, ocelli interpreted as liquid immiscibility textures in pillows and gabbros, magmatic layering in gabbros, and clinopyroxene cumulates in ultramafic flows are well preserved in low-strain domains. The belt underwent at least two stages of calc-silicate metasomatic alteration and polyphase deformation between 2963 and 3075 Ma. The stage I metasomatic assemblage is composed predominantly of epidote (now mostly diopside) + quartz + plagioclase ± hornblende ± scapolite, and occurs mainly in pillow cores, pillow interstitials, and along pillow basalt-gabbro contacts. The origin of this metasomatic assemblage is attributed to seafloor hydrothermal alteration. On the basis of the common presence of epidote inclusions in diopside and the local occurrence of epidote-rich aggregates, the stage I metasomatic assemblage is interpreted as relict epidosite. The stage II metasomatic assemblage occurs as concordant discontinuous layered calc-silicate bodies to discordant calc-silicate veins commonly associated with shear zones. The stage II metasomatic assemblage consists mainly of diopside + garnet + amphibole + plagioclase + quartz ± vesuvianite ± scapolite ± epidote ± titanite ± calcite ± scheelite. Given that the second stage of metasomatism is closely associated with shear zones and replaced rocks with an early metamorphic fabric, its origin is attributed to regional dynamothermal metamorphism. The least altered pillow basalts, picrites, gabbros, and diorites are characterized by LREE-enriched, near-flat HREE, and HFSE (especially Nb)-depleted trace element patterns, indicating a subduction zone geochemical signature. Ultramafic pillows and cumulates display large positive initial εNd values of + 1.3 to + 5.0, consistent with a strongly depleted mantle source. Given the geological similarities between the Ivisaartoq greenstone belt and Phanerozoic forearc ophiolites, we suggest that the Ivisaartoq greenstone belt represents Mesoarchean supra-subduction zone oceanic crust. 相似文献
949.
随着国民经济建设的高速发展与现代测绘技术的迅猛发展,石狮市现有的大地控制成果无论在其精度与现势性方面均无法满足城市建设的需要,为解决急需,充分发挥基础控制网在国民经济建设基础与先行作用,迫切需要加强石狮市基础测绘工作。本文根据现代测绘技术结合石狮市基础控制网发展要求,对石狮市基础控制网,包括控制基准、大地水准面精化等进行系统研讨,为项目实施提供参考。 相似文献
950.
Seismic design problem of a steel moment‐resisting frame is formulated as a multiobjective programming problem. The total structural (material) volume and the plastic dissipated energy at the collapse state against severe seismic motions are considered as performance measures. Geometrically nonlinear inelastic time‐history analysis is carried out against recorded ground motions that are incrementally scaled to reach the predefined collapse state. The frame members are chosen from the lists of the available standard sections. Simulated annealing (SA) and tabu search (TS), which are categorized as single‐point‐search heuristics, are applied to the multiobjective optimization problem. It is shown in the numerical examples that the frames that collapse with uniform interstorey drift ratios against various levels of ground motions can be obtained as a set of Pareto optimal solutions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献