Variability of the western Pacific warm pool structure associated with El Niño

Climate Dynamics - Sea surface temperature (SST) structure inside the western Pacific warm pool (WPWP) is usually overlooked because of its distinct homogeneity, but in fact it possesses a clear...     

Online Survey of Heterogeneous Users and Their Usage of the Interactive Mapping Platform WorldMap

This article reports on the results of an online survey with 290 heterogeneous users of the interactive mapping platform WorldMap and provides insights into problems faced by such users. Heterogeneous users are users with a variety of GIS skills, educational background, gender, and age categories. We investigate how they interact with online maps and analyse their experience. WorldMap represents as a case study of an online mapping platform which aims to serve researchers and users across disciplines in viewing and creating online interactive maps. We concentrate on operations that are perceived as difficult and very difficult by the majority of users as well as operations that are rarely used. Our aim is to contribute to the discussions on how to improve the design of online GIS-based mapping platforms. We conclude the paper with reflections on the results of our study and ideas for further research.     

Urban land-use classification by combining high-resolution optical and long-wave infrared images

Abstract

Multi-sensor and multi-resolution source images consisting of optical and long-wave infrared (LWIR) images are analyzed separately and then combined for urban mapping in this study. The framework of its methodology is based on a two-level classification approach. In the first level, contributions of these two data sources in urban mapping are examined extensively by four types of classifications, i.e. spectral-based, spectral-spatial-based, joint classification, and multiple feature classification. In the second level, an objected-based approach is applied to decline the boundaries. The specificity of our proposed framework not only lies in the combination of two different images, but also the exploration of the LWIR image as one complementary spectral information for urban mapping. To verify the effectiveness of the presented classification framework and to confirm the LWIR’s complementary role in the urban mapping task, experiment results are evaluated by the grss_dfc_2014 data-set.     

四川盆地卤水同位素组成及氘过量参数演化规律

运用岩石地球化原理对四川盆地卤水的同位素及氘过量参数进行分析,结果发现其具有明显的分布规律特征,盆地内以中三叠世为界同位素的显示出海、陆两大体系,海相沉积含卤层卤水中氢同位素组成均低于海水,而氧同位素则高于海水.卤水(主体)源于海水,不同时期海水的蒸发程度有所差异.由震旦系舍卤层卤水分布区向上,经寒武系、二叠系茅口组至三叠系嘉陵江组、雷口坡组,卤水的δD值随时代变新而相对富重同位素.陆相沉积含卤层卤水,源于大气降水,同位素组成落在大气降水线附近.海、陆过渡相含卤层(上三叠系须家河组)卤水,同位素组成落在海相沉积含卤层卤水与大气降水端员之间,系大气降水和蒸发海水的混合.盆地内不同时代的含卤层,卤水的氘过量参数(d值)有明显随含卤层时代变老逐步降低的趋势.三叠系雷口坡组-嘉陵江组、二叠系茅口组、寒武系及震旦系含卤层均系碳酸盐地层,水/岩作用十分强烈,同时显示出卤水的氘过量参数的变化是时间的函数.所有含卤层,凡是分布于盆地周边或处在断裂构造发育或经过长期开采卤资源的卤井,明显受到大气降水渗漏补给的影响,它们的氘过量参数(d)都有不同程度的升高,升高的程度取决于现代大气降水混入的数量.三叠系不同组含卤层的卤水,卤水d值的变化与平面分布和含卤层的埋深有一定的关联,含卤层埋深愈深,卤水的氘过量参数(d)值就愈低.     

南方红壤区林下水土流失的遥感判别——以福建省长汀县为例

针对林下水土流失缺乏有效判别方法的问题,提出了一种遥感判别方法。该方法以植被覆盖度、植被健康度、土壤裸露度和坡度为判别因子,采用规则法来建立林下水土流失遥感判别模型,并将其应用于福建省长汀县。结果发现,长汀县有311.66 km²的林地发生不同程度的林下水土流失,其中有13.35%的土壤侵蚀强度达到中度。通过遥感方法识别出的林下水土流失区的空间分布位置可为该县今后深入治理水土流失提供目标靶区。     

导致整体联想激活的一种局部图像组合方式

本文探讨局部图像的组合构造记忆模式,并借此寻找能导致整体联想激活的方法。通过对记忆模式及其表达的讨论,文中引入了指标向量与九宫记忆模式的概念,它来源于对图像的规则分割;利用九宫格中的若干宫格,可对九宫格内的其他部分进行联想。     

河谷城市小风条件下的近地层湍流特征

利用兰州城市和郊区皋兰县冬季同期的湍流观测资料,分析了城市和郊区的湍流强度、脉动速度标准差和湍流的欧拉时间积分尺度等湍流特征量,并与其他地区的湍流观测量进行了对比,从而揭示了兰州河谷城市小风条件下的大气湍流特征。     

历史地震目录修订问题

中国地震目录历经四次大规模的修订,已渐趋完善,然而,由于资料的不足和认识的差异,对地震目录中,特别是历史地震目录中一些参数的确定,甚至地震的增删,还存在不同看法和外议,给实际使用造成一定困难。本文针对目前历史地震目录确定中存在的多观点状态,提出四个方面的问题,希望引起历史地震工作者讨论,以期共同制定一个能为大家接受的历史地震参数确定方法的规约。     

西藏南部中白垩世黑色页岩的碳氧同位素组成及大洋缺氧事件的讨论

本文对西藏南部中白垩世黑色页岩中的氧同位素组成特征和两次大洋缺氧事件的形成、发展过程作了较为详细的分析讨论。西藏南部中白垩世期内,在仲玛期及其稍后的沉积时期存在两次大洋缺氧事件,定两次缺氧事件在时间上可与国际上的Ｃｅｎ－Ｔｕｒ和Ｃｏｎ－Ｓａｎｔ时期的全球大洋缺氧事件相对应;该区这两闪大洋缺氧事件的形成、发展,是与当时全球特定的的生态环境和全球性的地壳构造运动、大规模的海侵、火山喷发等重大地质灾变事     

Principle and Technique of Calculating Seismic Velocities from Lattice Preferred Orientation (LPO) Data of Minerals

ＳｉｎｃｅＨｅｓｓ（１９６４）ｆｏｕｎｄｆｏｒｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｔｉｍｅｔｈｅｄｉｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｏｆ０．３ｋｍ／ｓｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｔｈｅｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｉｅｓｏｆｌｏｎｇｉｔｕｄｉｎａｌ（Ｐ）ｗａｖｅｓｐｅｒｐｅｎｄｉｃｕｌａｒｔｏａｎｄｐａｒａｌｅｌｔｏ...