乳山长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)的抗性基因表达和生存环境的季节差异

长牡蛎 （Crassostrea gigas） 是我国重要的海水养殖贝类,近年其大规模死亡现象频繁发生。为了解长牡蛎的免疫基因在季节上的表达模式变化规律及死亡爆发高峰期的水环境情况,在其主养区山东乳山进行了相关研究。分别在 2018 年 1、 3、5—9 月对该地区牡蛎鳃样品做了免疫基因定量分析,在 6、7、9 月对养殖海域的环境因子 （水温、盐度、pH、溶解氧）、各时间点水体里的浮游植物数量及各采样点牡蛎条件指数的变化进行了研究。结果显示,HSP70 在 7 月份高表达,其余 5 个抗性相关基因在 8 月表达水平达到峰值。在测量的三个月中,7 月水温最高,6 月和 9 月水温略低于 7 月,这一结果和表达模式相关。研究表明近岸的藻类丰度更大。因此,温度是影响长牡蛎存活的各环境因子中的主要因素,温度显著影响到体内抗性基因的表达情况并且间接影响到夏季牡蛎的条件指数。     

基于船舶走航拖曳观测的卫星遥感产品检验

利用船载多参数拖曳式剖面测量系统走航观测获取的台湾岛东南海域叶绿素a浓度连续剖面数据,开展了卫星遥感产品精度检验研究。研究表明,由MERIS反演的叶绿素a浓度产品的平均相对误差优于30%,拖曳剖面观测可为卫星遥感产品检验提供高质量的现场观测数据,而且与船舶、浮标及其他固定平台等传统定点观测方式相比具有明显的效率优势。     

Modification of the spontaneous emission of quantum dots near the surface of a three-dimensional colloidal photonic crystal

This paper demonstrates experimentally and numerically that a significant modification of spontaneous emission rate can be achieved near the surface of a three-dimensional photonic crystal. In experiments, semiconductor core-shell quantum dots are intentionally confined in a thin polymer film on which a three-dimensional colloidal photonic crystal is fabricated. The spontaneous emission rate of quantum dots is characterised by conventional and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The modification of the spontaneous emission rate, which is reflected in the change of spectral shape and PL lifetime, is clearly observed. While an obvious increase in the PL lifetime is found at most wavelengths in the band gap, a significant reduction in the PL lifetime by one order of magnitude is observed at the short-wavelength band edge. Numerical simulation reveals a periodic modulation of spontaneous emission rate with decreasing modulation strength when an emitter is moved away from the surface of the photonic crystal. It is supported by the fact that the modification of spontaneous emission rate is not pronounced for quantum dots distributed in a thick polymer film where both enhancement and suppression are present simultaneously. This finding provides a simple and effective way for improving the performance of light emitting devices.     

Distribution of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon （DIC） and Its Related Parameters in Seawater of the North Yellow Sea and off the Qingdao Coast in October, 2007

Data on the distribution of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were obtained from two cruises in the North Yellow Sea (NYS) and off the Qingdao Coast (QC) in October, 2007. Carbonate parameters were calculated. The concentrations of DIC are from 1.896–2.229 mmolL⁻¹ in the NYS and from 1.939–2.032 mmolL⁻¹ off the QC. In the southwest of the NYS, DIC in the upper layers decreases from the north of the SP (Shandong Peninsula) shelf to the center of the NYS; whereas in the lower layers DIC increases from the north of the SP shelf to the center of the NYS and South Yellow Sea. In the northeast of the NYS, DIC in all layers increases from the YR (Yalu River) estuary to the centre of the NYS. The distribution of DIC in NYS can be used as an indicator of Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (YSCWM). Air-sea CO₂ fluxes were calculated using three models and the results suggest that both the NYS and the QC waters are potential sources of atmospheric CO₂ in October.     

铜陵地区中酸性侵入岩的懈体岩石学研究

铜陵地区中生代中酸性侵入岩中含有捕虏体、残余体和岩产乐包体三大类型，其中岩浆包体包堆积岩包体、堆积晶包体、混杂岩包体和冷凝边包体。各类石包体的岩石学、矿物学、地球化学特征均不相同，反映了它们成因上的差异。     

中国大陆科学钻探主孔榴辉岩的分类及测井识别

榴辉岩是中国大陆科学钻探主孔的主要岩性之一, 分布在3245m之上.根据测井响应特征, 如自然伽玛、密度、中子孔隙度等, 可以很好地区分榴辉岩与主孔的其他岩类.由于主孔榴辉岩具有不同的矿物成分、全岩化学成分和测井响应特征, 这为进一步详细划分榴辉岩亚类奠定了基础.从原岩的起源、氧化物含量、次要矿物等3个角度对主孔榴辉岩进行分类, 研究了基于多元统计学的榴辉岩亚类的测井识别方法; 利用该方法对重构的11种榴辉岩亚类进行测井评价, 将可以利用测井资料识别的榴辉岩亚类归并为6种; 根据对榴辉岩亚类的识别结果, 将主孔中榴辉岩划分为20个层段, 分析了各种榴辉岩亚类在主孔中的深度分布特征, 为地学研究提供了资料.      

2006年度地球物理与空间物理学科项目受理与资助成果

1 2006年项目受理与资助概况 2006年度地球物理与空间物理学科共受理各类项目共计465项,其中面上项目406项,重点项目26项,国家杰出青年项目31项,创新研究群体科学基金1项,科学仪器基础研究专款项目1项.初删项目11项,占申请项目数的2.3%.其中面上项目9项,占申请项目数的2.2%,重点项目2项.初删率明显低于往年,且初删的原因主要是因为超项.     

山区小型水库除险加固工程投资风险分析

针对山区小型水库的出险加固工程,以水库的使用期为时间单位,通过蒙特卡洛法随机产生洪峰系列,求出水库产生效益的概率分布,并推求水库除险加固的支出性投资的分布模式,进而采用等效分布法推求小水库除险加固工程经济决策指标的风险率。通过对主要参数的灵敏度分析,使决策指标更加符合客观实际。     

室温下金属中电子格林艾森常数的测量

在室温条件下用自己研制的超快电子衍射实验设备精确测量了金属铝的电子格林艾森常数(γ_e).当飞秒脉冲激光瞬间加热铝膜时,电子和晶格对固体热膨胀的作用在时间域上是不同步的,借助于超快电子衍射实验设备的高时间分辨能力,可以摆脱以往测量非磁性金属材料时低温的限制,在室温条件下,实验通过直接观测瞬间加热的铝膜中电子和晶格对热膨胀的不同贡献得到电子的格林艾森常数.     

Water quality assessment for Ulansuhai Lake using fuzzy clustering and pattern recognition

Water quality assessment of lakes is important to determine functional zones of water use. Considering the fuzziness during the partitioning process for lake water quality in an arid area, a multiplex model of fuzzy clustering with pattern recognition was developed by integrating transitive closure method, ISODATA algorithm in fuzzy clustering and fuzzy pattern recognition. The model was applied to partition the Ulansuhai Lake, a typical shallow lake in arid climate zone in the west part of Inner Mongolia, China and grade the condition of water quality divisions. The results showed that the partition well matched the real conditions of the lake, and the method has been proved accurate in the application.