Late Paleozoic Fluid Systems and Their Ore-forming Effects in the Yuebei Basin, Northern Guangdong, China

Based on detailed and systematic researches of the geology of ore deposits, fluid inclusions and isotope geochemistry etc., and regarding the Late Paleozoic fluid system of the Yuebei Basin as an integrated object in this paper, we have revealed the temporo-spatial evolution law of the basin＇s fluid system and discussed its ore-forming effects by simulating and analyzing the distribution of ore-forming elements, the fluid thermodynamics and dynamics of evolution processes of this basin. The results show that Late Paleozoic ore-forming fluid systems of the Yuebei Basin include four basic types as follows. （1） The sea floor volcanic-exhalation system developed during the rapid basin slip-extension stage in the Mid-Late Devonian, which affected the Dabaoshan region. It thus formed the Dabaoshan-type Cu-Pb-Zn-Fe sea floor volcanic-exhalation sedimentary deposits. （2） The compaction fluid system developed during the stable spreading and thermal subsidence-compression stage of the basin in the Mid-Late Devonian. The range of its effects extended all over the whole basin. It resulted in filling-metasomatic deposits, such as the Hongyan-type pyrite deposits and pyrite sheet within the Fankou-type Cu-Pb-Zn-S deposits. （3） The hot water circulation system of sea floor developed during the stage of basin uplifting and micro-aulacogen from the late Late Carboniferous to Middle Carboniferous. The range of its effects covered the Fankou region. It thus formed MVT deposits, such as the main orebody of the Fankou-type Pb-Zn-S deposits. （4） The gravity fluid system developed during the stage of fold uplifting and the basin closed from Middle Triassic to Jurassic, forming groundwater hydrothermal deposits, e.g. the veinlet Pb-Zn-calcite orebodies of the Fankou-type Pb-Zn- S deposits. Migration and concentration of the ore-forming fluids were constrained by the state of temporo-spatial distribution of its fluid potential. Growth faults not only converged the fluids and drove them to move upwards, but also the fluids often crossed the faults to the edges of the basin at the bottom of these faults and the lithologic interfaces, and even migrated to the basin＇s edges from top to bottom along the faults, which may be one of the basic reasons for the stratabound deposits to cluster mainly along the contemporaneous faults on the inner border of the basin. The superposed mineralization resulting from the multi-stage activity of contemporaneous faults and ore-forming fluid systems in the basin may be one of the key factors for forming superlarge ore deposits.     

基于R树索引的三维场景细节层次自适应控制方法

针对大规模三维城市建模需要,介绍一种基于三维R树索引的多细节层次（简称LOD）管理方法,从叶节点层向根节点自动生成LOD场景,并设计实现LOD检索的算法。通过试验分析,证明本文的LOD定义参数能够定量控制三维场景中的渲染目标数目,进而实现三维场景的自适应可视化方法,尤其适合于建筑物和树木类型的地物目标。     

自适应换站算法及其在长距离机载GPS动态相对定位中的应用

提出采用＂自适应换站＂法来解决单基线处理模式难以满足长距离动态定位的问题。该方法的主要思想是：整个解算过程始终保持单基线的动态定位模式,当发现流动站与原参考站间的距离大于流动站与其他参考站间的距离时,自动更换周围最近的参考站作为新参考站;对换站前后的数据设置一定时间的重叠段,利用等价消参法将换站前后的数据进行严格的自适应融合,以保持整个解算过程的连续性。通过对实测机载数据的解算,证明该方法不仅可以克服因载体飞行距离过远而导致的定位精度下降,而且能够避免因换站所引起的前后解的不连续,计算结果表明该方法的定位精度约为2 cm。     

广州市商业型健身房空间分布及其影响因素

以百度地图网页上采集的POI数据和第六次人口普查数据为基础,借助ArcGIS 10.2和Geoda软件,通过核密度分析、方向分布分析、缓冲区分析、近邻分析和空间自相关等方法,对广州市商业型健身房的空间分布特征进行研究,结果表明：广州市商业型健身房在空间分布上呈现“中心圈层＋外围组团”结构,存在空间集聚现象以及沿城市干道和地铁站分布指向性不明显而呈现临近住宅小区分布指向性。在广州市商业型健身房空间分布的影响因素方面,经过模型比较,选择空间滞后模型对其进行定量分析,结果表明：人口规模与受教育水平对广州市商业型健身房的空间布局影响显著,而区位因素和社区环境影响力较小。     

西藏东部嘉玉桥变质杂岩内中侏罗世高压剪切作用:来自多硅白云母的证据

藏东嘉玉桥变质杂岩分布于班公错-怒江缝合带南西,出露宽度约15～20km,延伸长度约120km。藏东嘉玉桥变质杂岩与上覆中侏罗统呈滑脱断层接触,滑脱带内发育各种韧性剪切组构。滑脱带内钠长石英构造片岩中石英呈矩形条带,多硅白云母与石英矩形条带构成S-C组构,石英颗粒应变测量表明Flinn图解K=∞,代表近水平伸展滑脱。获得多硅白云母变质条件相当于蓝片岩相,压力属于高压变质相,多硅白云母测年结果为167.27±0.99 Ma,为中侏罗世高压剪切作用,暗示班公-怒江缝合带中侏罗世伸展与高压剪切作用密切相关。     

The Occurrence of Oleananes in the Beibuwan Basin and Its Application to the Study of Maturity and Oil-Source Rock Correlation

The oleanane parameter, i.e., OP （oleananes/（oleananes＋C30hopanes）） in the two sedimentary columns of the Beibuwan Basin, South China Sea, can be used to delimit the top of oil generation window, with Ro （/%） of 0.53 in Well M1 and 0.55 in Wells H1/Hd1/Hd2, respectively. Comparing with vitrinite reflectance （Ro/%）, the OP features a dynamic range and can indicate the oil generation window more precisely. By using OP and other geochemical indices, the oil-source correlation is also conducted. It suggests that the oils in wells M1 and M2 are derived from the source rocks in situ. The mudstone in Huachang uplift is not the main source rocks for oils in this area, The OP is also a useful oil-source correlation parameter in some Tertiary lacustrine basins.     

二维地质体的瞬变电磁场响应特征

直接从时间域出发 ,应用时域有限差分方法 (FDTD)分析地下和地面的瞬变响应。由于二维情况便于图形表示 ,采取了线源二维地电模型。通过对二层均匀地电结构和含二维低阻体时地面垂直感生电动势曲线的计算 ,说明瞬变场响应有滞后现象 ,即异常地质体一旦引起瞬变响应 ,就会往后延时 ,并使响应延续较长时间。在实际的工程勘察中 ,曾用 3～ 5ms以后的延迟时间探测过较浅的异常体 ,如 2 0m至 150m深度范围内的地下老窑采空区 ,并取得了较好的探测效果 ,上述数字模拟结果为以往的实践提供了理论依据     

MODELING SEDIMENT PROCESSES ON SMALL WATERSHEDS:A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Ⅰ. BROAD SHALLOW FLOW PROCESSE

A conceptual modeling framework for developing process-based mathematical models of sediment generation, transport, and deposition on broad shallow flow areas is presented. The governing equations relevant to process-based modeling of broad shallow flow sediment processes on small watersheds are presented and the effects of space and time averaging on the predictive equations are described. Starting from the most general one-dimensional, unsteady model of sediment processes, simpler model structures are obtained and the successive simplifications made on the governing equations in order to obtain simpler and less detailed formulations are described. Specific model formulations are given for illustrative purposes and applications of these models to erosion and sediment yield prediction from broad shallow flow areas are shown using sediment data from rainfall simulator plots. In spite of some progress made in the development of process-based erosion and sediment yield models from broad shallow flow areas, further developmental modeling efforts must be based on a clear separation between hydrologic and hydraulic processes, and the soil properties which are significant for each.     

湘中下石炭统测水组沉积层序及幕式聚煤作用

下石炭统测水组是我国南方主要含煤地层之一，煤系及煤层在湘中地区发育最佳，该区测水组形成于碎屑滨岸障壁－泻湖沉积体系中。文中对测水组沉积层序及其所反映的海平面变化历史进行了分析，提出测水组上段底部砂岩是海侵背景下形成的障壁砂坝或障璧岛，其底部侵蚀面是海侵冲刷面（ravinement surface)。同时提出测水组下段三、五煤层的形成与受海平面变化控制的幕式聚煤作用（episodie coal accumulation)有关，后者系指海平面下降阶段横跨不同相区的区域性聚煤作用。     

A Study on Crack Detection with Modal Parameters of A Jacket Platform

Crack detection procedures by different modal parameters are analyzed for identitying a crack and its location and magnitude in a jacket plafform. The first ten natural frequencies and modal shapes of the jacket models are obtained by numerical experiments based on NASTRAN Code. A crack at different locations and of different magnitudes is imposed in the model at the underwater beams. Then, the modal evaluation parameters are calculated numerically, to illustrate the evaluation of modal parameter criteria used in jacket crack detection. The sensitivities of different modal parameters to different cracks are analyzed. A new technique is presented for predicting the approximate location of a breakage in the absence of the data of an intact model. This method can be used to detect a crack in underwater menbers by use of incomplete mode shapes of the top members of the jacket.