Heat flow in northwest Pacific marginal seas

1 INTRODUCTION Marginal seas in the Northwest Pacific includethe Bering Sea, the Okhotsk Sea, the Japan Sea, theEast China Sea, the South China Sea and the Philip-pine Sea, surrounded by adjacent coastal regions,the islands on the continental crust side and theocean trench at oceanic crust side. More than 4000heat flow data have been obtained since the firstmeasurement in the area in 1957 around the Japa-nese Islands (Uyeda and Horai, 1964) and the firstmarine survey in the Be…     

An approach to the age of Huanghe River in shelf regions of Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

There are two different opinions on the formation history of Huanghe （Yellow） River. One postulates that Huanghe River might have come into existence before Tertiary. The other supposes that it joined up into a long river only in the last stage of Late Pleistocene. The appearance of Huanghe River is believed to have close relation to the uplifting of Tibetan Plateau. It is not likely that it could have come into being before its high elevation riverhead was formed. Today Huanghe River occurred probably during the recession of the sea in glacial periods. In the last glacial age, the climate was very harsh in the area north of the modern estuary of Changjiang （Yangtse） River; some areas were permafrost and the others barren deserts. At that time, eolation was the major exogenic force on exposed shelf. Beginning from 12 Ka BP, the global climate warmed up, resulting in gradual disappearance of continental mountain glaciers retreated, and sea level rose. Consequently, Huanghe River was replenished with water to become modern river system. With continued rising of sea level, Huanghe River delta moved continuously eastward.     

Fluid inclusions and oil charge history in the reservoirs of the Yongjin oilfield in central Junggar Basin

In the Yongjin oilfield of southern Junggar Basin, many wells have been drilled to produce industrial oils. Based on the analysis of fluid inclusions in the reservoirs, in combination with the geological and thermal evolution, the charge history in this area has been studied. The results indicate that the Jurassic Formation and Cretaceous Formation reservoirs contain abundant oil and gas inclusions, and four types of fluid inclusions have been distinguished. According to the homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions, the hydrocarbons charged the Cretaceous Formation for two periods, one ranges from the Late Cretaceous period to the Eogene period, and the other ranges from the Neocene period to the present. The oil filling history is correlated with the oil source correlation analysis, which is controlled by the movement of the Che-Mo plaeo uplift. Overall, oil accumulation is characterized by the superposition of two sets of source rocks for two stages in the Shawan depression.     

浅海沉积声学原位探测系统研制及深海功能拓展

海底沉积物的声速和声衰减系数等声学特性参数是影响水下声场空间结构、水声通讯、水声设备使用性能、海底目标探测的重要因素。介绍了最新研制的浅海海底沉积声学原位测量系统的工作原理、结构组成和性能特点,并对系统在黄海和南海海底沉积物声学特性调查中的应用情况进行了总结。最后,对系统在满足深海应用方面的功能拓展进行了讨论和展望。     

重塑上海淤泥质粘土直剪试验

直剪试验是测定土体抗剪强度常用的方法。通过对重塑上海第4层淤泥质粘土分别进行固结快剪和慢剪试验,对慢剪和快剪的剪应力和剪切位移曲线以及慢剪和快剪的抗剪强度曲线进行分析,并对其剪应力与剪切位移关系曲线进行归一化分析,拟合得到各竖向压力下τ·S-S的归一化方程,进而统一了各竖向压力下τ/P.S-S的归一化方程,并通过抗剪强度曲线图可得到抗剪强度参数粘聚力(c)和内摩擦角(φ);抗剪强度和剪切破坏时与剪切面上的含水率有较好的线性关系。      

Architecture and Kinematics of the Dabie Orogen,Central Eastern China

The geometry of the Dabie Mountains is manifested in terms of the distribution of petro-tectonic units in three dimensions. It is identified into three segments from east to west, four horizons in vertical profiles and eight petrotectonic units from north to south. Three segments are the east, middle and west segments. Four horizons, from top to bottom, are two different meta-tectonic melange in the uppermost part, underthrust basement and cover below them, and mantle at the bottom of the profiles. Eight petro-tectonic units from north to south are: (1) the hinterland basin, (2) the meta-flysch, (3) the ultramafic rock belt (UM) Sujiahe eclogite belt (SH), (4) eclogite belt 2 (Ec2) with most eclogites of continental affinity, (5) eclogite belt 1 (Ecl1) with some eclogite of oceanic affinity, (6) the Dabie complex or underthrust basement of the Yangtze continent, (7) the Susong and Zhangbaling Groups or underthrust cover of the Yangtze continent and (8) the foreland belt. The (3), (4) and (5) units belong to meta-tectonic melange. Some ultrahigh pressure metamorphic minerals such as coesite and micro-diamonds have been found in (3) and (4) units; a possible ultrahigh pressure mineral,clinozoisite aggregate pseudomorph after lawsonite, was found in unit (5). The three tectonic units are speculated to be coherent initially; the UM and SH units are suggested to be the root belt in the east, middle and west segments respectively.The kinematics of the Dabie orogen is divided into three stages: top-to-south thrusting during the eclogite-granulite facies metamorphism, top-to-north extension during the amphibolite metamorphic stage, and faults or shear bands of brittle deformation and greenschist facies metamorphism were formed in the post-orogenic stage since the Late Jurassic and the movement pictures of these faults is different from each other.     

单桩极限承载力实例分析灰色预测

该文简要介绍了GM(1，1)模型的建模及精度检验方法。依据单桩载荷试验中桩顶沉降随荷载变化的特征，建立了单桩极限承载力的预测模型，并通过工程实例对单桩极限承载力进行了灰色预测。     

安徽省主要构造地质要素的变形

安徽省在中国东部的中心部位,跨越不同的构造地质单元。前寒武纪变质岩出露面积约占基岩出露面积的三分之一。变质岩包括太古宙、元古宙及少部分古生代地层;变质相包括麻粒岩相到低级绿片岩相。其中发育有多期褶皱变形和同变质期的断层作用,这些断层在后继变形过程中被改造和复活,形成十分复杂的构造地质图案。     

Shear Wave Speed Dispersion Characteristics of Seafloor Sediments in the Northern South China Sea

To accurately characterize the shear wave speed dispersion of seafloor sediments in the northern South China Sea,five types of sediments including silty clay,clayey silt,sandy silt,silty sand,and clayey sand were selected,on which the measurements of the shear wave speed at 0.5-2.0 kHz and related physical properties were performed.Results reveal that the shear wave speed of sediments increases as the frequency increases,and the dispersion enhanced in the sediments in the order of silty clay,clayey silt,sandy silt,silty sand,and clayey sand,at a linear change rate of 0.727,0.787,3.32,4.893,and 6.967 m s?1 kHz?1,respectively.Through regression analysis,linear and logarithmic regression equations for the correlation between shear wave speed and frequency were established for each sediment type and the determination coefficients of regression equations indicate that the correlation is closer to a logarithmic relationship.The Grain-Shearing(GS)and Biot-Stoll models were used to calculate the shear wave speed dispersion of the five sediment types,and the comparison between theoretical prediction and measured results of shear wave speeds shows that the GS model can more accurately describe the shear wave speed dispersion characteristics of these sediments in the frequency band of 0.5-2.0 kHz.In the same band,the predictions obtained by using the Biot-Stoll model are significantly different from the measured data.     

粘土固结参数变化的分析

本文依据土力学中已建立的基本概念,通过试验研究,首先找出正常固结粘土的渗透系数K与孔隙比e的关系,压缩系数a_V与孔隙比e或有效固结压力σ′的关系,从而推导出固结系数C_V与孔隙比或有效固结压力的关系表达式。分析不同土类固结系数的变化,归纳出三种典型的情况,即:C_V随e的减小而减小;C_V随e的减小而增大和C_V基本上与e无关。并指出特殊土类的C_V有特殊的变化规律。其次,分析了固结指数m变化的物理依据,讨论了m值与有效固结压力和上层厚度H的关系,最后,说明C_V和m变化的相互关系以及实用计算中应注意的问题。