南海北部全新世早期低钙事件及其古气候解释

碳酸盐旋回是南海晚更新世以来的最重要沉积特征之一，它受控于表层海水生产率、陆源物质的稀释作用以及深水对碳酸盐的溶解作用。南海北部碳酸钙百分含量主要受控于陆源物质对碳酸盐的稀释作用，即海平面低位时陆源碎屑经过陆架进入较深海域增多，也称稀释旋回。对西沙海槽北侧陆坡柱状样高分辨率研究后发现，在冰消期，低海平面时期存在高碳酸钙，而在冰后期的早中期，6～8ka B．P．的高海平面时期，却存在短暂的碳酸盐含量急剧下降的过程，即低钙事件，产生这种短暂的碳酸钙与其旋回性不吻合的现象应该是降雨量变化造成。在冰消期，出现干旱，陆源物质减少，而早中全新世的雨量，尤其是具较强冲刷能力的大雨量急剧增加。造成北部海南岛和华南陆地的冲刷增强，陆源物质供给增加，从而出现低钙事件。     

西藏铜矿资源的分布规律与找矿前景初探

西藏成矿地质条件优越，其独特的地质发展历史和成矿作用过程，形成了区内复杂多样的矿床类型和丰富的矿产资源，其中铜矿是西藏的优势矿产。综合近年来在西藏开展的地质大调查工作的最新成果，在对西藏各铜矿带的主要类型进行较为系统阐述的基础上，根据其资源找矿潜力，把西藏划分为2个Ⅰ级铜矿资源远景区和3个Ⅱ级铜矿资源远景区，指出一江两河经济区的冈底斯南缘铜－金－多金属Ⅰ级远景区和藏东三江地区的江达－盐井铜多金属、贵金属Ⅰ级远景区是西藏2个最为重要的铜矿资源远景区。尽管目前西藏地区尚属中国西部地质工作程度最低的地区之一，但其巨大的铜矿资源潜力将为西藏经济的发展提供重要的物质基础。     

Ground motion parameters of Shillong plateau: One of the most seismically active zones of northeastern India

Strong ground motion parameters for Shillong plateau of northeastern India are examined. Empirical relations are obtained for main parameters of ground motions as a function of earthquake magnitude, fault type, source depth, velocity characterization of medium and distance. Correlation between ground motion parameters and characteristics of seismogenic zones are established. A new attenuation relation for peak ground acceleration is developed, which predicts higher expected PGA in the region. Parameters of ...     

天然地下水环境四氯乙烯的强化生物降解

采用批实验方法, 以天然地下水为基础培养液, 利用在实验室条件下培养驯化的微生物, 以醋酸作为共代谢基质, 加入酵母粉提供氮源, 研究了四氯乙烯(PCE) 的降解效果.研究表明, 通过强化影响PCE降解的某些因素, 在20℃的地下水环境中, PCE可以很快转化为三氯乙烯(TCE), 并可以进一步转化为二氯乙烯(DCEs), 但没有检测到DCEs的脱氯产物.PCE的脱氯速率为0.1848d-1, 半衰期为3.75d.亦研究了低温环境下PCE的降解效果.结果表明, 在低温环境下, PCE也可以发生生物降解, 但是脱氯速率相对较慢, 为0.0761d-1, 半衰期为9.11d, 且终产物为TCE.      

Desorption-diffusion model and lost gas quantity estimation of coalbed methane from coal core under drilling fluid medium

The differences of coalbed methane(CBM) desorption-diffusion from coal drilling-core under various drilling fluid medium are not considered in the present calculating methods of lost CBM quantity,which leads possibly to the inaccuracy of CBM quantity in coal seam.Here we took the desorption of CBM from coal core under drilling fluid medium as a pressure-swing process,and based on the Langmuir equation and Fick-first law,established the desorption-diffusion model and numerical modeling method of lost gas(inc...     

塔里木盆地北部塔河油田奥陶系加里东期岩溶作用及其油气地质意义

详细的钻井地质学、地球物理和地球化学研究表明,塔河油田南部奥陶系内部和顶部发育多幕次的加里东期岩溶作用,主要表现在奥陶系内部牙形石带缺失、钻井放空和泥浆漏失、地震剖面上奥陶统反射波组底部上超和顶部削截,以及溶洞充填方解石的Sr同位素特征等方面。加里东期岩溶储层主要受不整合面、断裂、岩性和古地貌等因素控制,表现出明显的断控和层控特征。由此预测该储层发育区位于古风化壳剥蚀区、加里东期断裂发育区和滩相储层发育区的叠合部位,主要位于阿克库勒凸起的轴部倾没端和塔河西南部、东南部的北东向、近南北向断裂发育区。     

西藏日土南部阿依拉杂岩体的地球化学年代学特征及其构造意义

冈底斯岩基西段的阿依拉杂岩体含有大量的镁铁质包体,在125万区域地质填图的基础上,系统开展了该杂岩体内的包体和寄主岩石的岩石学、主量元素、微量元素地球化学、锆石年代学的研究工作.确定阿依拉杂岩体的包体具火成结构,包体与寄主岩石存在地球化学差异,但同时二者主量元素、微量元素在比值-比值协变图中呈双曲线或直线变异关系,在共分母比值-比值成分变异图中则呈直线变异特点,包体εNd(t)值在1.6～4.4之间,寄主花岗岩εNd(t)值为-10.2～-1.1,反映了壳幔混源的特征.锆石测年获得眼球状花岗闪长岩的结晶年龄为69.8Ma±0.3Ma,根据杂岩体内强烈的塑性构造变形和杂岩体主要岩性在R1-R2图解、微量元素洋脊花岗岩标准化图解上的判别结果,确定该杂岩体属同碰撞花岗岩,69.8Ma±0.3Ma代表了青藏高原西构造结一带印度大陆和欧亚大陆最初碰撞的时间,与两大陆碰撞有关的底侵作用是青藏高原地壳生长和岩石圈结构改变的重要因素之一.     

Dating of zircon from high-grade rocks： Which is the most reliable method？

Magmatic zircon in high-grade metamorphic rocks is often characterized by complex textures as revealed by cathodoluminenscence （CL） that result from multiple episodes of recrystallization, over- growth, Pb-loss and modifications through fluid-induced disturbances of the crystal structure and the original U-Th-Pb isotopic systematics. Many of these features can be recognized in 2-dimensional CL images, and isotopic analysis of such domains using a high resolution ion-microprobe with only shallow penetration of the zircon surface may be able to reconstruct much of the magmatic and complex post- magmatic history of such grains. In particular it is generally possible to find original magmatic domains yielding concordant ages. In contrast, destructive techniques such as LA-ICP-MS consume a large volume, leave a deep crater in the target grain, and often sample heterogeneous domains that are not visible and thus often yield discordant results which are difficult to interpret. We provide examples of complex magmatic zircon from a southern Indian granulite terrane where SHRIMP lI and LA-ICP-MS analyses are compared. The SHRIMP data are shown to be more precise and reliable, and we caution against the use of LA-ICP-MS in deciphering the chronology of complex zircons from high-grade terranes.     

An Andean tectonic cycle:From crustal thickening to extension in a thin crust(34°-37°SL)

Several orogenic cycles of mountain building and subsequent collapse associated with periods of shallowing and steepening of subduction zones have been recognized in recent years in the Andes.Most of them are characterized by widespread crustal delamination expressed by large calderas and rhyolitic flare-up produced by the injection of hot asthenosphere in the subduction wedge.These processes are related to the increase of the subduction angle during trench roll-back.The Payenia paleoflat-slab,in the southern Central Andes of Argentina and Chile(34°—37°S) recorded a complete cycle from crustal thickening and mountain uplift to extensional collapse and normal faulting,which are related to changes in the subduction geometry.The early stages are associated with magmatic expansion and migration,subsequent deformation and broken foreland.New ages and geochemical data show the middle to late Miocene expansion and migration of arc volcanism towards the foreland region was associated with important deformation in the Andean foothills.However,the main difference of this orogenic cycle with the previously described cycles is that the steepening of the oceanic subducted slab is linked to basaltic flooding of large areas in the retroarc under an extensional setting.Crustal delamination is concentrated only in a narrow central belt along the cordilleran axis.The striking differences between the two types of cycles are interpreted to be related to the crustal thickness when steepening the subducting slab.The crustal thickness of the Altiplano is over 60-80 km,whereas Payenia is less than 42 km in the axial part,and near 30 km in the retroarc foothills.The final extensional regime associated with the slab steepening favors the basaltic flooding of more than 8400 km~3 in an area larger than 40,000 km2,through 800 central vents and large fissures.These characteristics are unique in the entire present-day Andes.     

Pe trology and SHRIMP zircon geochronology of granulites from Vesleknausen,Lützow-Holm Complex,East Antarctica: Neoarchean magmatism and Neoproterozoic high-grade metamorphism

We report new petrological data and geochronological measurements of granulites from Vesleknausen in the highest-grade section of the L＆#252;tzow-Holm Complex, part of the Gondwana-assembling collisional orogen in East Antarctica. The locality is dominated by felsic to intermediate orthogneiss （charnockite and minor biotite gneiss）, mafic orthogneiss, and hornblende-pyroxene granulite, with deformed and undeformed dykes of metagranite and felsic pegmatite. Pseudosection analysis of charnockite in the system NCKFMASHTO, supported by geothermometry of mafic orthogneiss, was used to infer peak metamorphic temperatures of 750e850 ？C, approximately 150 ？C lower than those estimated for met-asedimentary gneisses from Rundv？gshetta, 6 km to the northeast. SHRIMP U-Pb analysis of zircons from feldspar-pyroxene gneiss, which corresponds to a partially molten patch around mafic orthogneiss, yielded a Concordia upper intercept ages of 2507.9 ？ 7.4 Ma, corresponding to the time of formation of the magmatic protolith to the orthogneiss. Partial melting during peak metamorphism probably took place between 591 and 548 Ma, as recorded in rims overgrew around magmatic zircon. Our results suggest that Rundv？gshetta-Vesleknausen-Strandnibba region in southwestern L＆#252;tzow-Holm Bay, where orthogneisses are dominant, consists of a single crustal block, possibly formed by ca. 2.5 Ga arc mag-matism. The Neoarchean magmatic terrane was tectonically mingled with other fragments （such as metasedimentary units in northern L＆#252;tzow-Holm Bay） by subduction/collision events during the as-sembly of Gondwana supercontinent, and subsequently underwent w850 ？C granulite-facies meta-morphosed during Neoproterozoic to Cambrian final collisional event.