基于ArcGIS Engine的地理信息数据库管理系统设计与实现

随着社会的发展,空间信息在国土、规划等各领域的应用越来越广泛,且其容量也呈几何级增长,如何安全高效地管理、分发空间数据,成为深入应用地理信息系统功能的必要前提。本文以作者实际工作为基础,介绍了利用ESRI公司最新产品ArcGIS Engine开发包设计实现地理信息数据库管理系统的具体方法。     

一种基于人工免疫的图像分割算法

图像二维熵分割,一直因耗时长而限制了实际应用。本文借鉴生物免疫思想,提出二维熵图像分割的人工免疫算法。在克隆选择算法中引入疫苗的免疫接种,用于优化最优分割阈值对的搜索过程。在遥感高分辨率图像上的实验显示,该算法不仅能准确搜索到最优阈值对,而且计算时间只有传统算法的1.8%。该算法也验证了人工免疫思想用于图像分割的可行性和有效性。     

惠州市1：5000卫星正射影像图测绘工程研究

我国利用IKONOS卫星影像制作1:5000正射影像图主要是集中在研究领域。惠州市国土资源局于2004年2月利用IKONOS卫星影像制作覆盖惠州市辖区1．2万平方公里的1:5000正射影像图,项目由广东省国土资源信息中心承担。大面积的测区利用IKONOS卫星制作1: 5000正射影像图在国内还属首次。本文探讨该测绘工程的实施技术及质量控制方法。     

矿产资源管理信息系统设计与开发

基于GIS的矿产资源管理信息系统采用地理信息系统(GIS)技术、SQL Server数据库技术以及网络技术,实现了矿产资源信息图形数据与属性数据统一管理,为矿产资源管理工作提供了现代化的科学管理手段和决策支持。本文介绍了系统的设计与实现、系统包含的工作模块、各个模块的功能结构以及采用的技术特点。     

ZHANG Heng’s Seismometer and Longxi earthquake in AD 134

Introduction Houhan Shu?ZHANG Heng Biography written by FAN Ye(AD398?AD445,South-North Dynasties)described about the response of ZHANG Heng’s Seismometer to Longxi earthquake as follows.“On one occasion a dragon dropped a ball without an earthquake being felt.All the scholars in the capital blamed this effect happening without any feelings of the earthquake.Several days later,a messenger arrived reporting that an earthquake really had taken place at Longxi.There-upon people all a…     

Comparison between earthquake magni-tudes determined by China seismograph network and US seismograph network (II): Surface wave magnitude

Introduction Earthquake magnitude is the most common measure of an earthquake′s size,and is one of the basic parameters of an earthquake.There are three most familiar scales of earthquake magnitude:ML(local earthquake magnitude),MS(surface wave magnitude)and mB/mb(body wave magni-tude).Richter(1935)introduced ML when studying earthquakes in Southern California.In1945,Gutenberg(1945a)put forward surface wave magnitude scale to determine earthquake magnitude(MS)using surface waves(20s)of s…     

3-D rheologic model of earthquake prepa-ration (III): Precursor field

Introduction Based on the elastic theory of hard inclusion model proposed by Dobrovolskii (1991), we developed a rheologic inclusion model to study the spatial-temporal variation of earthquake pre-cursor by using the bulk-strain field resulted from rheologic inclusion model (SONG et al, 2000). Based on the elastic inclusion theory, the analytical expressions for the viscoelastic displacement field and strain field of rheologic inclusion model are derived (SONG et al, 2003, 2004). Further-m…     

Towards medium-term (order of months) morphodynamic modelling of the Teign estuary, UK

The main objective of this paper is to address the principal mechanisms involved in the medium-term (order of months to years) morphodynamic evolution of estuaries through the application of a process-based numerical modelling. The Teign estuary (Teignmouth, UK) is the selected site. The system is forced by the macrotidal semi-diurnal tide in the English Channel and is perturbed to a minor extent by high river discharge events (freshets). Although waves have a definite influence on the adjacent coastal area, Wells (Teignmouth Quay Development Environmental Statement: Changes to Physical Processes. Report R.984c:140. ABP Marine Environmental Research Ltd., Southampton, 2002b) suggested that swell waves do not enter the estuary. Hence, wave effects are neglected in this study, as only tides and the river discharge are taken into account. The sediment grain size is highly variable, but mainly sandy. Within the frame of the COAST3D project (), four bathymetric surveys of the adjacent coastal area were carried out at a nearly weekly intervals. The outer estuary and the adjacent coastal area were also surveyed every 6 months as part of the COASTVIEW project (). Based on these data and on continuously measured parameters, such as water level, waves, wind and river discharge, numerical modelling of the morphodynamic processes can be tested. To replicate the morphological changes in the medium-term within a feasible simulation time, forcing conditions are reduced through the use of an input reduction method (called ensemble technique). In this study, simulations are based on the coupling between Telemac-2D and its non-cohesive sediment transport module, Sisyphe (version 5.3 for both modules). Three different sediment transport formulae were tested: (1) Engelund and Hansen (A monograph on sediment transport in alluvial streams, 3rd edn. Technological University of Denmark, Copenhagen, 1967) including the modifications proposed by Chollet and Cunge (J Hydraul Eng 17(1):1–13, 1979); (2) Bijker (Mechanics of sediment transport by the combination of waves and current. In: Design and reliability of coastal structures. 23rd international conference on Coastal Engineering, pp 147–173, 1968) and (3) Soulsby (Dynamics of Marine Sands. A manual for practical applications. HR Wallingford, Wallingford, p 142, 1997) modified version of van Rijn [J Hydraul Eng 110(10):1431–1456, 1984a, J Hydraul Eng 110(11):1613–1641, 1984b] formulation. Both a qualitative (i.e. visual comparison) and a quantitative tool [Brier Skill Score (BSS); described in Sutherland et al. in Coast Eng 51:917–939, 2004b] are applied to assess the similarity of simulations when compared to model predictions and observations. Tests confirmed the reliability and time efficiency of the ensemble technique, since it reproduced very well the results of a reference run, a computation based on the observed boundary conditions. For the spring-neap cycle modelled, the BSS was of 0.91 (a perfect modelling would have a BSS of 1), with a reduction in the simulation time on the order of 80%. For the 6-month-period simulation, results were also excellent: BSS=0.92 and a computer time reduction of 85%. In principle, this method has the advantage of being applied to any process-based numerical model.     

δ~(18)O record and temperature change over the past 100 years in ice cores on the Tibetan Plateau

1 IntroductionMeteorological stations on the Tibetan Plateau are few in number and uneven in distribution, with a majority concentrated in the east and south. No stations exist so far within the large expanse in the middle or west of the Plateau. Moreover…