Double-square-root one-way wave equation prestack tau migration in heterogeneous media

In this paper, source‐receiver migration based on the double‐square‐root one‐way wave equation is modified to operate in the two‐way vertical traveltime (τ) domain. This tau migration method includes reasonable treatment for media with lateral inhomogeneity. It is implemented by recursive wavefield extrapolation with a frequency‐wavenumber domain phase shift in a constant background medium, followed by a phase correction in the frequency‐space domain, which accommodates moderate lateral velocity variations. More advanced τ‐domain double‐square‐root wave propagators have been conceptually discussed in this paper for migration in media with stronger lateral velocity variations. To address the problems that the full 3D double‐square‐root equation prestack tau migration could meet in practical applications, we present a method for downward continuing common‐azimuth data, which is based on a stationary‐phase approximation of the full 3D migration operator in the theoretical frame of prestack tau migration of cross‐line constant offset data. Migrations of synthetic data sets show that our tau migration approach has good performance in strong contrast media. The real data example demonstrates that common‐azimuth prestack tau migration has improved the delineation of the geological structures and stratigraphic configurations in a complex fault area. Prestack tau migration has some inherent robust characteristics usually associated with prestack time migration. It follows a velocity‐independent anti‐aliasing criterion that generally leads to reduction of the computation cost for typical vertical velocity variations. Moreover, this τ‐domain source‐receiver migration method has features that could be of help to speed up the convergence of the velocity estimation.     

浅谈基层台站地面测报应急处理

为了保证探测业务在应急气象保障服务或突发事件中应能够反应迅速,并且连续、有效地开展工作,根据地面观测业务特点,对值班过程中可能出现的问题进行了总结,主要从硬件和工作流程制度等方面进行分析,本着早做准备,早做部署、科学指挥调度的原则,以期对观测业务的制定应急预案有所帮助。     

中国东部次火山岩型铜银多金属矿床找矿规律

次火山岩型矿床与陆相火山岩、次火山岩为同源,同时期,同空间,同成因。总结了区域火山活动特征;区域构造与成矿关系;火山构造、火山机构与成矿关系;隐爆角砾岩与成矿关系等成矿规律。     

铀石-沥青铀矿稠密韵律生长环带及其成因意义

本语文报道某铀矿床中铀石与沥青铀矿交互生成多达２０环稠密韵律生长环带,结合该矿床物气液包裹体研究资料和文献资料,探讨生成这一罕见奇特结构的介质物理化学条件及机制。该结构具有指示成矿流体ｐＨ－Ｆｈ状态和ＳｉＯ２活度演化的标型意义。     

大连城市园林绿地规划初探

通过对大连园林绿地现状进行评价进行分析,评价,提出了城市园林绿地规划中,必须运用生态学观点,充分考虑城市园林绿地的环境效益,社会效益及经济效益,对城市园林绿地进行合理布局,并发展城市生态园林建设,同时结合大连创建“园林城市”的目标,提出了园林绿地建设的新途径。     

南四湖消落带底泥有机磷赋存形态及分布特征

研究南四湖消落带底泥有机磷赋存形态及分布特征,有利于全面揭示湖区各形态磷迁移转化规律,对南四湖富营养化防控及南水北调东线调水水质保障具有重要的科学意义。以南四湖消落带底泥为研究对象,采用改进Hedley连续分级提取法测定底泥中各形态有机磷含量,通过紫外可见分光光谱与三维荧光光谱技术表征底泥有机分子结构特征及稳定性,反映消落带有机磷结构及稳定性差异,运用Pearson相关性分析及主成分分析解析底泥各形态磷与其他理化指标的相关性。研究结果表明,南四湖消落带底泥总磷含量均值为679.90 mg/kg,其中有机磷(OP)占比20.03%~45.69%。各赋存形态有机磷含量及相对比例大小依次为:残渣态有机磷(67.58%)＞钙结合态有机磷(16.61%)＞铁/铝结合态有机磷(7.62%)＞碳酸氢钠提取态有机磷(5.97%)＞水提取态有机磷(2.22%)。南四湖消落带底泥OP含量及形态主要受内源影响,主要来自内源性微生物代谢。南四湖消落带西岸底泥磷释放风险高于东岸和南岸消落带。相关性分析发现,消落带底泥pH与磷含量显著负相关,表明随着底泥碱性的增强可能导致底泥磷向水体中释放的风险更高;底泥有机质与OP显著正相关,表明有机质可能是OP的重要载体;主成分分析发现底泥各形态磷呈正相关性,表明消落带底泥各形态磷具有同源性。研究结果可为南四湖湖区内源磷释放控制及富营养化风险防控提供科学依据。     

我国沙区起沙风气候学研究

起沙风是沙漠化的重要因子之一。本文主要阐述了我国沙区环境对起沙风的影响,分析了起沙风的分布特征和若干规律,研究了起沙风在沙漠化过程中的作用以及起沙风这一因素与其他气候要素间的关系。     

An agile very low frequency radio spectrum explorer

The very low frequency(VLF) regime below 30 MHz in the electromagnetic spectrum has presently been drawing global attention in radio astronomical research due to its potentially significant science outcomes exploring many unknown extragalactic sources,transients,and so on.However,the nontransparency of the Earth's ionosphere,ionospheric distortion and artificial radio frequency interference(RFI) have made it difficult to detect the VLF celestial radio emission with ground-based instruments.A straightforward solution to overcome these problems is a space-based VLF radio telescope,just like the VLF radio instruments onboard the Chang'E-4 spacecraft.But building such a space telescope would be inevitably costly and technically challenging.The alternative approach would be then a ground-based VLF radio telescope.Particularly,in the period of post 2020 when the solar and terrestrial ionospheric activities are expected to be in a 'calm' state,it will provide us a good chance to perform VLF ground-based radio observations.Anticipating such an opportunity,we built an agile VLF radio spectrum explorer co-located with the currently operational Mingantu Spectra Radio Heliograph(MUSER).The instrument includes four antennas operating in the VLF frequency range 1-70 MHz.Along with them,we employ an eight-channel analog and digital receivers to amplify,digitize and process the radio signals received by the antennas.We present in the paper this VLF radio spectrum explorer and the instrument will be useful for celestial studies of VLF radio emissions.     

新疆准噶尔北缘北塔山组火山岩年龄及岩石成因

对准噶尔北缘北塔山组辉石玄武岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb 年龄测定, 获得了玄武岩的喷发年龄380.5±2.2Ma,表明北塔山组火山岩形成于中泥盆世。该地层火山岩中辉石玄武岩和无斑玄武岩的SiO₂含量为47.55%~52.97%、Al₂O₃的含量为8.44%~20.00%、TiO₂为0.5%~1.2%,MgO含量为2.8%~15.35%、CaO为3.98%~14.83%、FeO^T为9.46%~19.23%,具有亚碱性拉斑玄武岩的特征。其微量元素显示富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),亏损Nb、Ta和Ti,Eu异常不明显。它们具有极低的初始⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr同位素比值(0.703835~0.704337)和高的ε_Nd(381Ma)值(+6.84~+12.3,t=381Ma)的亏损地幔源区特征。结合区域地质背景,北塔山组火山岩形成于与俯冲作用相关的构造环境,是准噶尔古洋盆于泥盆世时发生的俯冲-消减所引发的岛弧岩浆作用的地质记录。岩浆源区为被流体或沉积物熔体交代改造的地幔楔和软流圈地幔,不同类型的岩石系不同成分的原始岩浆经不同演化过程的产物。     

BP神经网络在长期天气过程预报中的应用试验

采用误差反传前向网络(简称BP网络)方法,以日、月相概率作为输入因子,建立长期天气预报模型。结果表明,模型的业务预报试验效果比较理想,对较大降水和升(降)温过程均有一定预报能力,相对于传统的单纯运用日、月相概率预报长期天气过程的方法,BP神经网络方法具有预报较客观、准确率较高等特点,在目前长期天气预报理论和数值预报模式尚不能用于实际业务的情况下具有较大的应用价值。