应力途径对岩石脆性-延性变化的影响

用两种加载方式对岩石的破裂进行了实验研究。一种方式是在一定的围压下增加轴压使岩石破裂（A型）;另一种方式是在一定围压下增加轴压直到破裂前某一应力状态,然后停止加轴压转而减小围压使岩石破裂（B型）。所用的岩石样品为济南辉长岩和山东掖县白大理岩。着重研究应力途径对岩石脆性-延性变化的影响。辉长岩在1.5千巴以下两种应力途径下的破裂都表现为脆性,但是对于同样的应力状态,B型实验比A型实验显得更脆。随着围压增加到200-250巴之间,大理岩由脆性转变为延性。围压250巴以上,大理岩的A型实验发生延性破裂。样品承受载荷的能力是逐渐丧失的。破裂过程中声发射率极低,听不到破裂声响。最后在样品中形成了剪切断面,但破裂很慢。然而,在大理岩的B型实验中,围压在250巴以上发生了脆性破裂,其表现为轴向应力突然下降,伴随着脆性破裂的声响并有声发射率剧增的前兆。看来,B型应力途径对岩石起了一个脆化的作用。     

正十八烷的裂解动力学研究（Ⅰ）：气态烃组分及其碳同位素演化特征

本文通过对纯烃类化合物——正十八烷的动力学模拟实验，阐述了正十八烷裂解过程中气态烃组分及其同位素的演化特征，获得了产自正十八烷的甲烷生成动力学参数。运用动力学参数将模拟实验结果外推到地质条件下，表明由烷烃裂解形成的甲烷主要生成于150～200C（Easy％Ro介于1．0％～2．0％）的范围，裂解产生的甲烷、乙烷、丙烷的碳同位素分馏效应与Easy％Ro的关系曲线受升温速率的影响，不能直接应用于地质条件。     

四川丹巴白云母矿山公园矿业遗迹资源特征及评价

四川丹巴白云母矿是我国开发最早的白云母矿之一。在悠久的开采历史中遗存下了十分丰富的矿业遗迹,成为该公园建设的基础。这些遗迹典型、稀有,系统完整,科学价值高,组合独特,具有很高的历史文化价值。此外,公园内配套的自然人文景观丰富,旅游区位条件良好,矿业遗迹开发价值巨大。     

Origin of natural sulphur-bearing immiscible inclusions and H2S in oolite gas reservoir, Eastern Sichuan

Based on results of microscopic observation and laser Raman analysis about fluid inclusions, multiple special forms of immiscible inclusions that contain sulphur, liquid hydrocarbon, bitumen, etc. were discovered in samples collected from the H₂S gas reservoir-containing carbonates in the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in the Jinzhu-Luojia area, Kai County, Sichuan Province. Based on the lithology and burial history of the strata involved as well as measurement results of homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions, bitumen reflectivity, etc., it is concluded that the H₂S in the gas reservoir resulted from the thermal reaction between hydrocarbons in reservoir and CaSO₄ in the gypsum-bearing dolostone section at the high temperature (140°C–17°C) oil-cracked gas formation stage in Late Cretaceous. Thereafter, research on a great number of immiscible inclusions in the reservoir reveals that elemental sulphur resulted from oxidation of part of the earlier-formed H₂S and further reaction between sulphates, hydrocarbons and H₂S in geological fluids in H₂S-bearing gas reservoir at a temperature of 86°C–89°C and a pressure of 340×10⁵Pa and during the regional uplift stage as characterized by temperature decrease and pressure decrease in Tertiary. Meanwhile, gypsum, anhydrite and calcite formed at this stage would trap particles like elemental sulphur and result in a variety of special forms of immiscible inclusions, and these inclusions would contain information concerning the complexity of the fluids in the reservoir and the origin of H₂S and natural sulphur in the gas reservoir.     

Comparison of CO2 Effluxes and Their Driving Factors Between Two Temperate Steppes in Inner Mongolia, China

Soil respiration is a key component of the global terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle. The static opaque chamber method was used to measure the CO2 effluxes from soil of a semiarid Aneurolepidium chinense steppe and a Stipa krylovii steppe in the Xilin River Basin of Inner Mongolia, China from March 2002 to December 2004. The results indicated that the soil respiration rates of the semiarid Aneurolepidium chinense steppe and the Stipa krylovii steppe were both relatively high from mid-May to mid-September of each year and remained low during the rest of the year. The minimum value of soil respiration occurred in December or January and negative effluxes of CO2 appeared for several days during the non-growing season of individual years at the two sampling sites. A high annual variation was found in the two steppes with the coefficients of variance (CV) being over 94%, even high to 131%. The annual sums of soil CO2 efflux of the Aneurolepidium chinense steppe varied between 356.4 gC m?2 yr?1 and 408.8 gC m?2 yr?1, while those of the Stipa krylovii steppe in the three years were in the range of 110.6 gC m?2 yr?1 to 148.6 gC m?2 yr?1. The mean respiration rates of the Aneurolepidium chinense steppe were significantly higher than those of the Stipa krylovii steppe in different statistical periods with the exception of the non-growing season. About 59.9% and 80.6% of the soil respiration variations in both steppes for the whole sampling period were caused by the changes of temperature and soil water content. In the Aneurolepidium chinense steppe, the soil respiration rate has significant or extremely significant positive correlation (r = 0.58 ? 0.85, p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) with air temperature and ground temperature of the topsoil except in 2002; the unique contributions of temperature change to the soil respiration variation of the three years were 53.3%, 81.0% and 58.6%, respectively. But, for the Stipa krylovii steppe in the same time interval, the soil water content (especially that of the 10–20 cm layer) has a greater effect on the change of soil respiration, and the unique contributions of the change of the 10–20 cm soil water content to the variations of soil respiration in 2002 and 2003 were 60.0% and 54.3%, respectively. In 2004, in spite of the higher contribution of temperature than soil water content, the contribution of ground temperature at a depth of 10 cm was only 46.2%, much weaker than that of any single year in the Aneurolepidium chinense steppe.     

广西芒场锡多金属矿隐伏岩体特征及含矿性

研究芒场隐伏岩体的形态特征、岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素地球化学特征及其含矿性,认为芒场隐伏岩体为一成矿花岗岩体,早阶段侵入的花岗岩体对Ｗ、Ｍｏ成矿有利,晚阶段侵位的花岗岩体更有利于Ｓｎ的成矿。     

内蒙巴彦浩特盆地东部上石炭统靖远组孢子花粉

巴彦浩特盆地的上石炭统靖远组与羊虎沟组为连续沉积,厚度４７７．５ｍ。经２９块岩样分析鉴定,发现孢子花粉５１属９５种（含２新种）和３粒不能鉴定的分子。根据孢粉的纵向演化,可分为上下两个组合带,下组合：Ｔｒｉｐａｒｔｉｔｅｓｖｅｔｕｓｔｕｓ－Ｔｒｉｑｕｉｔｒｉｔｅｓｔｒｉｂｕｌａｔｕｓ组合（简称ＶＴ带）,分布于巴参２井３７７９～３５７０ｍ井段,该孢子带具环孢类含量较低,未发现单缝孢Ｌａｅｖｉｇａｔｏｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ和Ｐｕｎｃｔａｔｏｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ以及不能归类的Ｔｒｉｎｉｄｕｌｕｓｄｉａｍｐｈｉｄｉｏｓ;上组合：Ｓｉｎｕｓｐｏｒｅｓｓｉｎｕａｔｕｓ—Ｃｒａｓｉｓ－ｐｏｒａｋｏｓａｎｋｅｉ组合（简称ＳＫ带）,分布于同一井的３５７０～３３０１．５ｍ井段,孢粉丰度较下组合高得多,具环孢子含量一般在５０％以上,花粉含量增高。地质时代属晚石炭世早期（纳缪尔Ｂ—Ｃ期）。     

黄淮地区巨厚松散层岩性结构特征以及采矿对其水动态的影响

本文选择地处黄淮地区的淮南、淮北、大屯、兖州和邢台等矿区中典型矿井的巨厚松散层,分析了该地区巨厚松散层的岩性结构特征,从水体、地层和采矿波及类型等方面论述了采矿对松散层地下水动态的影响特征,解释和解决了某些实际工程问题。     

MS-DOS环境下实时多任务系统的开发

简单陈述了为ＤＯＳ扩充多任务功能要解决的问题及实现方法。这种方法也适合大型应用软件的开发。