金沙江巧家-新市镇河段的水系变迁

水系结构特征指示金沙江巧家-新市镇河段原本存在两条相向的互不连通的古水系,往南流的西溪河-白鹤滩-巧家古水系和往北流的牛栏江河口段-永善-新市镇古水系。地貌、沉积学和阶地堆积物重矿物成分等分析也表明巧家-白鹤滩河段古水系曾是向南流的,现今巧家-白鹤滩河段的北流是被袭夺而发生倒流的结果,金沙江是后来才贯通的。第四纪以来云南高原的拱升使西溪河-白鹤滩-巧家古水系南流受阻,并在牛栏江河口段-永善-新市镇古水系的支流对坪河的溯源侵蚀下被袭夺,造成巧家-白鹤滩河段的倒流和金沙江巧家-新市镇河段的连通。阶地堆积物的ESR测年数据显示,巧家-白鹤滩河段的倒流、金沙江-川江水系的贯通发生在1Ma左右。
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宋元时期中国西北东部的冷暖变化

根据历史文献中的作物种植界线、种植制度变化、植物及异常气象水文物候等记载,并辅以树轮、湖泊沉积等自然证据指示的冷暖变化状况,分析了宋元时期(960～1368A.D.)我国西北地区东部的冷暖变化特征。主要结论是： 960A.D.前后,西北东部地区冷暖程度与今(即 1951～1980年)基本一致; 960s～1040s,气候逐渐增暖; 1040s～1110s,气候较今暖; 1110s以后,气候转冷; 12世纪末,气候又再次明显转暖; 1260A.D.之后,温度下降,自13世纪末进入寒冷期。西北东部的这一冷暖变化过程不但与毗邻地区湖泊、特别是树轮等所指示的冷暖变化过程较为一致,而且与中国东部地区的冷暖变化也基本一致,但13世纪后期的降温幅度较中国东部更为明显。     

马氏珠母贝育珠术前处理和术后休养期软体部生化组成的变化

以2龄马氏珠母贝为材料,建立S1(对照组)、S2(术前处理后不插核)、S3(术前处理后插核)和S4(不做术前处理直接插核)四个试验组,每组500个个体。比较研究了术前处理和休养期间各组软体部干重和糖、脂肪、蛋白质含量的差异。试验结果如下:(1)术前处理后,S2和S3组软体部干重显著小于S1组(P<0.05);S2组短期休养后恢复到S1组水平;S3组在休养期结束后仍然显著小于S1组(P<0.05)。(2)插核后,S4组软体部干重显著小于S1组(P<0.05);休养20天后恢复到S1组水平;(3)术前处理后,S2和S3组的软体部糖、脂肪含量明显下降。(4)插核后,S4组的软体部糖、脂肪含量明显下降。(5)试验期间,各组蛋白质含量总体呈上升趋势。结果表明术前处理能够有效降低育珠贝的生理活性;术前处理的马氏珠母贝表现出补偿生长效应,并在营养限制或创伤后的恢复过程中,首先利用体内储存的糖原和脂肪。     

无线移频报小型自动填图机的研制

本文介绍自行设计的无线移频报小型自动填图机的设计思想、技术指导和软件硬件设计,并对主要技术问题作了解析。     

The effects of recombinant eel growth hormone,methyltestosterone and L-thyroxine on the growth of red sea bream,Pagrosomus major

the effects of recombinant eel growth hormone (reGH), methyltestosterone (MT) and L-thyroxine (T4) on the growth of red sea bream,Pagrosomus major, were investigated. Administration of reGH to fry by immersion at 2 mg/1 for 2 h every 5 days resulted in significant increase in both weight and length, but the condition factor (CF) diminished relative to that of similarly treated controls over the 37 day treatment period. Immersion in 0.1 mg/l T4 also resulted in significant increase in both weight and length and higher survival rate of test fry compared to the controls. Immersion in MT had less effect on growth and high-dose resulted in high mortality. In the second study, injection of 2 μg reGH/(g·wk) caused a significant increase in the specific growth rate (SGR) of test red sea bream fingerlings relative to that of the controls during the 4—week treatment period and maintained the increasing trend over the post-treatment period (weeks 4–6). Injection of MT at a dosage of 1μg/(g·wk) resulted in a significant increase in SGR during the 4—week treatment period. Intramuscular injection of 0.1 μg T4/(g·wk) also resulted in a significant increase in weight. Injection of high-doses of MT and T4 inhibited growth and resulted in darkening skin, bulging eyes and thinning body. In muscle chemical composition, the treated groups had no significant differences compared to the controls, but the high-dose MT and T4 groups showed significant increases in lipid content. Potential practical methods for hormone application in fish culture are discussed.     

建立国产化地震地理信息系统

根据地震研究、预测、预报、抗震、减灾、救灾的需求，阐述了建立国产化地震地理信息系统的必要性。分析了目前地理信息系统在地震数据处理中的应用以及存在的问题，提出了解决问题的方案。     

Grid point search algorithm for fast integer ambiguity resolution

A Grid Point Search Algorithm (GRIPSA) for fast integer ambiguity resolution is presented. In the proposed algorithm, after the orthogonal transformation of the original ambiguity parameters, the confidence ellipsoid of the new parameters is represented by a rectangular polyhedron with its edges parallel to the corresponding axes. A cubic grid covering the whole polyhedron is then identified and transformed back to the original coordinate system. The integer values of the corresponding transformed grid points are obtained by rounding off the transformed values to their nearest integer values. These values are then tested as to whether they are located inside the polyhedron. Since the identification of the grid points in the transformed coordinate system greatly reduces the search region of the integer ambiguities, marked improvements are obtained in the computational effort. Received: 13 October 1997 / Accepted: 9 June 1998     

1917及1944年鸭绿江口的两次历史强震

本文根据发掘的地震史料,较详细地介绍了１９１７年及１９４４年发生在辽宁丹东南鸭江口的两次历史地震,并且圈绘了这两次地震在沿海陆地上烈度影响范围图。     

朝鲜半岛三次历史强震

本文是在整理朝鲜半岛地震史料的基础上,着重对其发生的１５４６年１３／２级地震,１６８１年７级地震、１８１０年２９／４级地震等做了详细介绍,并尝试的给出等震线图。     

1996年岁末沪宁线持续五天大雾的原因探讨

1996年12月27-31日江苏境内发生了持续五天的大雾。本文普查了天气图,分析了产生雾的天气形势特征,并进行了一些物理量的计算,制作了时空分布和垂直剖面图,重点分析了它的形成和长时间维持的原因,对冬季辐射雾的预报有一定参考价值。