Infinite Boundary Element in Two and Three Dimensional Problems

In this paper, the infinite boundary elements developed previously in two and three dimensional problems are reviewed, and the shortcoming and irrationality of interpolation functions of those elements are pointed out. A new interpolation function of infinite boundary element is proposed. The divergent integration on infinite element is also discussed in this paper.     

皖南二叠纪海相暗色岩系成因及有机质富集模式

皖南二叠系已成为页岩气勘探的重要目标层位,暗色岩系的硅质来源长期存在争议,有机质富集堆积机理尚不清楚。本文通过皖南地区二叠纪海相栖霞组、孤峰组和大隆组暗色岩系的岩石学特征、古生物群落、沉积特征、有机质丰度和元素地球化学特征分析,探讨其沉积背景、硅质来源和有机质富集模式。研究表明：栖霞组硅质主要来源于热液;孤峰组硅质主要来源于生物和热液;大隆组硅质主要来源于生物和热液,少量来源于生物。二叠纪属热带—亚热带温暖潮湿气候,暗色岩系沉积于具缓慢沉积速率的厌氧—贫氧的100～300 m水体环境中,有机质含量高。栖霞组和孤峰组富有机质暗色岩系的形成除受控于局限滞留的缺氧环境外,还和海底热液活动提供生物繁盛的营养元素与矿物质和上升流的作用有较为密切的关系。大隆组富有机质暗色岩系的形成与长兴期多期火山喷发带入大量营养元素和微量元素,导致初级生产力提高,生物消亡—繁盛—再消亡—再繁盛—消亡,生烃母质快速堆积,且与缺氧环境密不可分。     

黄海及其沿岸历史地震初步研究

黄海及其边缘，经历史地震资料整理，地震参数估定与编目，截至1949年8月，共有M≥3级地震2187次，其中M≥43/4级地震259次，资料显示大致有三个相对集中活跃区，16世纪曾有过历史地震活动高潮。     

江苏地区介质非弹性衰减和场地响应研究

选取江苏数字地震台网在2001年1月-2010年7月记录到43次高质量数字地震波形,采用Atkinson(1992)和Moya(2000)的方法,反演得到江苏地区的介质非弹性衰减特性和场地响应.     

国内超声波测距研究应用现状

本文结合超声波测距原理,对超声波回波信号处理、新型换能器研发、发射脉冲选取的国内研究现状,以及该技术在液位测量、移动机器人定位和避障、汽车防撞、曲面仿形检测的应用现状作了综述,分析了超声波测距系统现阶段存在的常见问题,相应提出了解决方案,并对超声波测距的发展与应用趋势进行了展望.     

基于GIS的盐城国家级自然保护区生态安全评价（英文）

本研究利用遥感和GIS技术,分析盐城自然保护区1983–2018年的景观格局变化,建立了基于区域自然-社会-经济复合生态系统安全格局的评价指标体系,分析了生态安全变化的空间特征和成因。结果表明,1983–2018年由于人类活动加剧,研究区内景观格局变化强烈,从以自然景观为主发展到自然景观与人工景观并存。在整体生态安全方面,目前保护区的生态安全状况不容乐观,从保护区丹顶鹤的生存状态看,保护区总体上还是适宜丹顶鹤栖息的,但由于人类活动的增加以及政策的调整,丹顶鹤的栖息地呈现破碎化并向核心区和缓冲区等局部区域聚集。我们应从管理、政策制定以及当地居民的环境保护意识上增加宣传和投入,并相应减少保护区内人类活动的强度。     

Lg amplitude ratios H/Z and station terms in the six eastern provinces of China

Using the data set of about 1 Hz Lg amplitudes from 80 stations in the six eastern provinces of China, the ratios of horizontal to vertical amplitude of Lg waves,H/Z are determined. The mean lg(H/Z)-value is equal to 0.13. For the station bases of soft deposit,granite and sedimentary rock, lg(H/Z)-values average 0.55, 0.04 and 0.10, respectively. For the three kinds of station bases, the station terms of horizontal amplitude,C _h average 0.65, −0.09 and 0.00; that of vertical amplitude,C _z average 0.32, −0.04 and 0.00, respectively. There are the relations betweenC _h ,C _z and lg(H/Z):C _h =0.01+2.10C _z andC _h =−0.15+1.46 lg(H/Z). The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,13, 281–286, 1991. Project sponsored by the Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation.     

Monitoring ground surface deformation over the North China Plain using coherent ALOS PALSAR differential interferograms

North China Plain (Huabei Plain) is one of the most densely populated regions on earth. Due to excessive underground water extraction, the North China Plain has been experiencing severe ground deformation over the last three decades. Therefore, for the purpose of hazard mitigation, it is necessary to monitor the ground displacement occurred in this region. As an extension of the differential radar interferometry (DInSAR) technique, advanced DInSAR techniques involving multiple images have demonstrated the potential to effectively map ground displacement. Such techniques are able to measure the temporal evolution of ground deformation with millimetre-level accuracy by using a stack of differential interferograms. In this study, the ALOS PALSAR data acquired over the North China Plain, which cover an area of approximately 16,000 km $^2$ , were processed based on the concept of advanced DInSAR techniques. Because of the large size of the PALSAR images, a targeted processing strategy was designed. This strategy is able to reduce required disk storage space and I/O operations, leading to the improvement of the computational efficiency. The resulting mean deformation velocity map demonstrates that a large portion of the area covered by the data was affected by various degrees of ground deformation between January 2007 and April 2010. The ground deformation is mostly distributed in rural areas, while the downtown areas are generally stable.     

300年来中国森林的变化

Based on historical documents, modern survey and statistics, as well as the result of predecessor studies, the trend and main process of forest dynamics are recognized. The forest area and forest coverage rates for each province of China from 1700 to 1949 are estimated backward by every 50 years. Linking the result with modern National Forest Inventory data, the spatial-temporal dynamics of Chinese forest in recent 300 years （AD 1700-1998） is quantitatively analyzed. The study shows that in recent 300 years, the forest area in current territory of China has declined by 0.95×10^8 hm^2 （or 9.2% of the coverage rate） in total, with a trend of decrease and recovery. Before the 1960s, there was a trend of accelerated descending. The forest area was reduced by 1.66×10^8 hm^2 （or 17% of the coverage rate） in 260 years. While after the 1960s, there has been a rapid increase. The forest area increased by 0.7×10^8 hm^2 （or 8% of the coverage rate） in 40 years. The study also shows that there is a significant spatial difference in the dynamics of forest. The amplitudes of increasing and decreasing in western China are both smaller than the ones in eastern China. During the rapid declining period from 1700 to 1949, the most serious decrease appeared in the Northeast, the Southwest and the Southeast, where the coverage rate in most provinces dropped over 20%. In Heilongjiang Province, the coverage rate dropped by 50%. In Jilin Province, it dropped by 36%. In Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality, it dropped by 42%. In Yunnan Province, it dropped by 35%. During the recovery period 1949-1998, the western provinces, municipality and autonomous regions, including Ningxia, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Sichuan-Chongqing, Yunnan, Tibet, Xinjiang and Qinghai, etc, the increase rates are all below 5%, while the eastern provinces, municipality and autonomous regions （except Heilongjiang, Hubei, Jiangsu-Shanghai） have achieved an increase over 5%, among which the Guangdong-Hainan, Guangxi, Anhui, Beijing-Tianjin-H     

深厚砂质覆盖层土坝的弹塑性地震反应分析

由于可液化砂质土应力-应变特性模拟的复杂性及数值计算的不稳定性,深厚砂质覆盖层土坝的弹塑性地震反应分析是土坝抗震研究中的一个尚未完全解决的课题。采用u-p完全耦合的饱和多孔介质有限元分析方法和砂土多重机构弹塑性模型,对遭受M6.7级地震的国外某深厚砂质覆盖层土坝进行弹塑性地震反应分析,研究了坝体和地基的动力反应特性及其超静孔隙水压力产生、扩散和消散的变化规律。结果表明：计算得到的坝体加速度和永久变形与实测值存在一定的差异,但基本上反映了坝体加速度与永久变形的实际分布情况,从而说明采用的本构模型和计算方法具有一定的精度;由于坝体和坝基的超静孔隙水压力较小,且坝体永久变形不大,可以不对坝体和坝基进行加固处理;坝趾附近浅层地基的超静孔隙水压力较大,有可能发生液化,因此,须采取相应的抗液化加固措施。