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221.
Karen Schleeweis Samuel N. Goward Chengquan Huang John L. Dwyer Jennifer L. Dungan Mary A. Lindsey 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2016,9(10):963-980
Using the NASA Earth Exchange platform, the North American Forest Dynamics (NAFD) project mapped forest history wall-to-wall, annually for the contiguous US (1986–2010) using the Vegetation Change Tracker algorithm. As with any effort to identify real changes in remotely sensed time-series, data gaps, shifts in seasonality, misregistration, inconsistent radiometry and cloud contamination can be sources of error. We discuss the NAFD image selection and processing stream (NISPS) that was designed to minimize these sources of error. The NISPS image quality assessments highlighted issues with the Landsat archive and metadata including inadequate georegistration, unreliability of the pre-2009 L5 cloud cover assessments algorithm, missing growing-season imagery and paucity of clear views. Assessment maps of Landsat 5–7 image quantities and qualities are presented that offer novel perspectives on the growing-season archive considered for this study. Over 150,000+ Landsat images were considered for the NAFD project. Optimally, one high quality cloud-free image in each year or a total of 12,152 images would be used. However, to accommodate data gaps and cloud/shadow contamination 23,338 images were needed. In 220 specific path-row image years no acceptable images were found resulting in data gaps in the annual national map products. 相似文献
222.
提出了一种精确估计区域北斗接收机硬件延迟(DCB)的方法。该方法不需要传统复杂的电离层模型,在已知一个参考站接收机硬件延迟的条件下,利用正常情况下电离层延迟量和卫星-接收机几何距离强相关这一特点,采用站间单差法来精确估计区域内BDS接收机的硬件延迟。试验结果表明,该方法单站估计的单站北斗接收机连续30d的硬件延迟RMS在0.3ns左右。通过GEO卫星双频观测值扣除已知卫星DCB和本文方法估计的接收机DCB,计算对应穿刺点一天的VTEC并和GIM格网内插结果并进行比对分析,二者大小和变化趋势均符合较好,进一步验证了本文提出的方法具有可靠性。 相似文献
223.
为了提供可靠的伪距随机模型,基于3个线性无关的北斗三频伪距/载波无几何无电离层(GIF)组合,研究了一种利用单站数据估计北斗三频伪距相关随机模型算法。该算法首先利用低阶多项式对GIF组合进行拟合,以尽可能消除非伪距噪声以外的其他常数和误差,然后利用多元线性回归分析实现对3个线性无关的GIF组合随机噪声同时建模,最后再由线性组合关系变换得到原始北斗三频伪距相关随机模型。经北斗三频实测数据验证结果表明,该算法可实现北斗非差三频伪距相关随机模型的单站解算,有利于为导航定位以及完好性监测提供精准随机模型。 相似文献
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以大连市中山区的遥感和建筑等多源数据为基础,结合单窗算法和相关分析方法,研究分析了2002—2014年研究区的地表温度空间分异特征及地表温度与建筑密度的相关性。研究结果表明:(1)2002—2014年地表温度高温区域多分布在中山区西北部、解放路和中南路的沿线,且温度增加明显,东北部由于填海造陆温度明显升高;(2)高密度和较高密度的地块主要分布在青泥洼天津街商业区,大部分低、较低、中密度地块分布在解放路和中南路沿线;(3)2002年、2014年,地表温度与建筑密度呈现中等相关性,相关系数分别为0.514、0.537。 相似文献
226.
不同空间插值对InSAR大气延迟改正影响研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
大气效应是InSAR技术用于地表探测的主要误差源之一。GPS数据作为InSAR大气延迟误差改正的重要数据源,受其站点分布疏密的影响,分辨率还无法做到与SAR影像完全相匹配,必须对GPS获取的大气延迟数据进行空间插值。本文采用反距离加权法(IDW)、Kriging插值法和移动曲面拟合法(Surface Moving Fitting,SMF)三种插值方法,探讨了InSAR大气误差改正过程中的空间插值问题,并对三种插值的精度进行了分析和评价。 相似文献
227.
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229.
The aim of this paper is to evaluate current knowledge and uncertainties associated with the impact of increasing greenhouse
gas and aerosol concentrations on the West African monsoon. For this purpose, coupled and time-slice simulations are used.
A global measure of the monsoon changes is defined in order to avoid regional biases and to try and obtain significant results.
The position and width of the monsoon in latitude are the main focuses. There is almost no agreement between the Coupled General
Circulation models from the Coupled models Inter-Comparison project—Phase II in regard to the impact of climate change on
the monsoon. Moreover, very simple discriminations between the models seem inappropriate to get a better signal. The role
of the different forcings in time-slice simulations is then investigated. The sea surface temperature (SST) and particularly
the pattern of the SST are shown to be the most important forcing. This accounts for the diversity of the results either from
the coupled or the forced simulations with different SST changes. With a fixed SST, but of a smaller magnitude in AMJ, there
are still uncertainties, coming first from the Atmospheric General Circulation models and the way they balance greenhouse
gas and global SST increase. Finally the uncertainty due to the Land Surface models (LSMs) is not negligible. The greenhouse
gas and the LSMs are shown to have more impact in August, when the monsoon is at its highest latitude on the continent. 相似文献
230.
H. Got A. Monaco J. Vittori A. Brambati G. Catani M. Masoli N. Pugliese M. Zucchi-Stolfa A. Belfiore F. Gallo G. Mezzadri L. Vernia A. Vinci G. Bonaduce 《Sedimentary Geology》1981,28(4):243-272
Lithological, sedimentological, mineralogical and faunal analyses of twenty cores from the western Peloponnesus margin and adjacent Matapan Trench permit the origin of the sediments and the processes of sedimentation to be defined in some detail.Except for the ash layers derived from the Ischian Province, the major part of the sediment is local in origin (Peloponnesus). Analyses of heavy, light and clay minerals enable three main provinces to be distinguished. Each of these provinces includes one or more slope basins and a portion of trench, without lateral connection between them and mixing of inputs.The diversity and complexity of sedimentary structures, the granulometric characters, the mixed fauna (molluscs and ostracods) and the variability of rates of sedimentation all testify to the prevalence of reworking phenomena and gravitative processes.These data confirm and elaborate on the model of sedimentation deduced from seismic studies in which sediments are successively trapped, released by the slope basins and transferred via channels and canyons towards the underlying trench basins. This “cascade feeding” appears characteristics of this subductive sedimentary environment. 相似文献