Active tectonic blocks and strong earthquakes in the continent of China

The primary pattern of the late Cenozoic to the present tectonic deformation of China is characterized by relative movements and interactions of tectonic blocks. Active tectonic blocks are geological units that have been separated from each other by active tectonic zones. Boundaries between blocks are the highest gradient of differential movement. Most of tectonic activity occurs on boundaries of the blocks. Earthquakes are results of abrupt releases of accumulated strain energy that reaches the threshold of strength of the earth’s crust. Boundaries of tectonic blocks are the locations of most discontinuous deformation and highest gradient of stress accumulation, thus are the most likely places for strain energy accumulation and releases, and in turn, devastating earthquakes. Almost all earthquakes of magnitude greater than 8 and 80%–90% of earthquakes of magnitude over 7 occur along boundaries of active tectonic blocks. This fact indicates that differential movements and interactions of active tectonic blocks are the primary mechanism for the occurrences of devastating earthquakes.     

Movement of Ordos block and alternation of activity along its boundaries

The GPS data in and around the Ordos block area indicate that the left-lateral slip rate along the northern or southern margin of the Ordos block is about twice or three times as fast as the right-lateral slip rate along the eastern or western margin of the block. However, many researchers stressed the dextral-slip of the eastern or western boundaries of the Ordos block, and suggested that the block as a whole rotated counterclockwise based on the available geological data. Focusing on the inconsistency, we reexamine the late Cenozoic deformation pattern in the Ordos region based on seismicity data and geodesy data (GPS and leveling) around it. The results indicate that the rigid block-like motion appears to be the basic characteristic of the kinematics of the Ordos region, and this motion is absorbed by the displacement of the faults around the block. When the faults along the northern and southern boundaries of the Ordos block are active, its eastern boundary is inactive. However, if the faults along the eastern boundary are active, the northern and southern are inactive. In recent years, the northern and southern boundaries of the Ordos block are in active. But in the long term, the Ordos block is moving southeastward relative to the Alxa and Yinshan blocks because of the strong pushing of the Tibetan Plateau on its southwestern side, and this deformation is accommodated by the counterclockwise rotation of the block itself.     

对银川地磁台磁通门磁力仪观测数据的初步分析

选取2001年1月－6月中美合作项目（SMALL）中磁通门磁力仪的数据和同期磁变仪的数据进行对比分析。结果表明，两种仪器记录的日变形态、日变幅、极值及极值时间具有较好的一致性，说明该项目中磁通门磁力仪的资料真实可靠。给出的典型地磁脉动事件表明，该仪器可提供精确定时的高质量地磁资料。     

Removal of Cu（ Ⅱ） from Wastewater Using Acidified Sewage Sludge Ash

Sewage sludge ash (SSA), the waste generated in sewage sludge incineration, was obtained from Wuhan Sewage Treatment Plant and used as a low-cost sorbent for removing Cu (Ⅱ) from wastewaters. The sorbent was first modified with 5 % sulfuric acid to increase its sorption capacity. The specific surface area, porosity, cation-exchange capacity (CEC) and pHzzc of the sorbent were measured. Batch experiments were made to study the effect of contact time, solution pH value and temperature on sorption. Both Langmuir and Freundlich models well described the Cu (Ⅱ) sorption process,with correlation coefficient (R2 ) values of 0. 993 4 and 0.9899 respectively. And the sorption process follows the Lagergren first order kinetic model. The equilibrium sorption capacity of acidified SSA to Cu(Ⅱ) is estimated to be 7.78 mg/g under optimal conditions.     

An Invariable Point in the Energy Spectra of Non-Thermal Electrons of Solar Flares

The power-law energy spectra of non-thermal electrons for each 1.024 second have been drawn together during the flare. For some flares, it is discovered that the energy spectra taken at different times present a roughly fixed crossing point, at which point the flux of non-thermal electrons keeps the same during the flare. The possible significance of this phenomenon is discussed. We conjecture that there may be a flux saturation at the low-energy cutoff in the process of electron acceleration.     

元素相态分析

综述了近１０年来在国内外的部分元素相态分析方法,对在岩石,矿物及冶金产品中Ａｕ,Ａｇ,Ｆｅ,Ｍｎ,Ｃｏ和Ｎｉ等元素的化学物相分析和元素赋存状态分析进行了分类评述。     

On seismic inversion

Modeling with optimization in waveimpedance inversion (by Xia Hongrui) Xia Hongrui, et. al., pointed out that wave impedanceinversion from seismic data is generally done by solvingequations with two unknowns. However, ill-posed equa-tions cause ill-posed solutions. To overcome this problem,firstly, an initial model is established according to the seis-mic data and well-logging. It is then regarded as the ini-tial solution. The equations are solved by solutionoptimization. In this perspective…     

广西农业气象观测资料处理系统简介

介绍农业气象观测资料处理系统的总体设计、基本功能和使用方法 ,为在全区气象台站的推广应用提供帮助     

红层裂隙水特征与找水方法

通过分析红层地区裂隙分布规律及红层裂隙水特征，以实例论证了红层裂隙水与构造、地貌、岩性等之间的一些必然关系。从而总结了红层地区找水方法及施工时应注意的问题。     

Electronic Chart Display and Information System

This paper introduces the most advanced form of electronic chart display and information systems （ECDIS) which complies with the Performance Standards for ECDIS established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO).It also describes the key features and the important functions of ECDIS.Then the future development of ECDIS in marine is discussed.