两种荒漠蓝藻生长特征及其对培养水体微环境的影响

人工生物土壤结皮是近年来新兴的绿色环保固沙材料,是目前沙区生态恢复研究的前沿和热点,用于人工生物土壤结皮培养的荒漠蓝藻等生物体的产量是该技术大规模应用的限制因素。为了解荒漠蓝藻的生长特征及其影响因子,以分离于腾格里沙漠蓝藻结皮中的优势荒漠蓝藻——具鞘微鞘藻(Microcolus vaginatus)和念珠藻(Nostoc carneum)为对象,探索了实验室条件下接种密度对荒漠蓝藻生长和培养水体pH及电导率的影响。结果显示：随着接种密度的增加,具鞘微鞘藻和念珠藻生长进入稳定期的时间提前。在生长初期,具鞘微鞘藻在0.35、0.95 mg·L^-1密度下的干重显著高于2.13、6.59、13.42 mg·L^-1密度下的干重,生长后期则相反。在生长前期和后期,念珠藻在0.04～0.32 mg·L^-1密度下的干重和总质量均显著高于0.86～2.59 mg·L^-1密度下;具鞘微鞘藻在6.59～13.42 mg·L^-1密度下的总质量显著高于0.35～2.13 mg·L^-1     

Have China’s drylands become wetting in the past 50 years?

Recently, whether drylands of Northwest China (NW) have become wetting has been attracting surging attentions. By comparing the Standard Precipitation Evapotranspiration Indices (SPEI) derived from two different potential evapotranspiration estimates, i.e., the Thornthwaite algorithm (SPEI_th) and the Penman-Monteith equation (SPEI_pm), we try to resolve the controversy. The analysis indicated that air temperature has been warming significantly at a rate of 0.4°C decade^?1 in the last five decades and the more arid areas are more prone to becoming warmer. Annual precipitation of the entire study area increased insignificantly by 3.6 mm decade^?1 from 1970 to 2019 but NW presented significantly increasing trends. Further, the SPEI_th and SPEI_pm demonstrated similar wetting-drying-wetting trends (three phases) in China’s drylands during 1970-2019. The common periodical signals in the middle phase were identified both by SPEI_th and SPEI_pm wavelet analysis. Analysis with different temporal intervals can lead to divergent or even opposite results. The attribution analysis revealed that precipitation is the main climatic factor driving the drought trend transition. This study hints that the wetting trend’s direction and magnitude hinge on the targeted temporal periods and regions.     

一种基于RGB特征提取的电子地图载负量计算方法

电子地图以灵活多变的显示形式,可以在不同比例尺下显示与地理环境有关的各种信息,且在一定限度内可进行无级显示.然而,在电子地图缩放过程中如果不对屏幕载负量加以控制,往往容易造成各要素互相挤压,但如果只是对屏幕载负量简单限制又满足不了用户多尺度的需求.因此,为了提高地图信息传输的有效性及可控性,文中提出基于RGB特征提取电子地图载负量的新的计算方法,并进行相关实验分析.     

Exploiting IKONOS and Hyperion data fusion for automated road extraction

We present here the examples that show how fusing data from hyperspectral sensors with data from high spatial resolution sensors can enhance overall road detection accuracy. The fusion of hyperspectral and high spatial resolution data combines their superior respective spectral and spatial information. IKONOS (MSS) and Hyperion images were fused using the principal component analysis (PCA) method. The approach for road extraction integrates multiresolution segmentation and object oriented classification. Road extraction is done from an IKONOS (MSS) image and a Hyperion and IKONOS (MSS) merged image and comparisons are made depending on accuracy and quality measures such as completeness and correctness. This article also emphasises the types of roads which are giving better accuracy of extraction after fusion with hyperspectral image. This can vary because of types of material and condition of roads. The methodology was applied on roads of Dehradun, India.     

不同密度区电子地图多尺度显示模型的建立与应用

从实际应用出发,将地理区域划分为最密区、密集区、中密区和稀疏区4种类型,针对不同区域建立了适合其显示的电子地图多尺度显示模型。研究了基于RGB灰度值的地理区域类型自动判别方法,在定性分析和调查统计的基础上建立了基础地理要素显示分级体系。以我国中原某地区的电子地图为例进行了多尺度显示实验。     

统筹城乡村镇建设管理平台设计与研究

村镇建设是目前中国城市化中重要研究课题。本文阐述了系统建设背最和目标,并对平台总体设计和工作内容进行描述,在确定目标客户情况下进行数据组织和平台功能需求划分,最终指出系统创新点和为未来平台功能扩充预留接口。     

地磁场时空差异对磁测精度影响

通过对辽宁地区流动地磁的观测资料进行对比分析,研究探讨了影响磁测精度的各测点与通化台之间的通化距离、经度方向距离等因素对磁测精度的影响情况。为提高流动地磁观测的磁测精度提供了参考。     

大连九龙地磁台场地梯度的跟踪测量分析

介绍了大连九龙地磁监测中心建设过程中场地磁场梯度的跟踪测量情况。根据中国“地震及前兆数字观测技术规范”电磁部分的要求,在地磁台站建筑施工过程中,需要用质子旋进式磁力仪在施工现场对场地磁场背景进行监测。     

Flow and nutrient transport in intermittent rivers: a modelling case-study on the Vène River using SWAT 2005

Abstract

Intermittent rivers have a specific hydrological behaviour which also influences water quality dynamics. The objective of this work was to model the flow and water quality dynamics of a coastal Mediterranean intermittent river using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT 2005). Flow, sediment, nitrogen and phosphorus transport were simulated on the Vène experimental catchment, France. The model was sequentially calibrated at sub-catchment scale and validated both at sub-catchment and catchment scales. A procedure for building the data records for the point sources is presented. The results indicate that, while the model produces good results for flow simulation, its performance for sediment transport is less satisfactory. This in turn impacts on the nutrient transport module. The reasons behind these shortcomings are analysed, taking into account the length of the data records, their distribution and the equations used in the SWAT model. The need for a thorough multi-objective model validation is illustrated.

Citation Chahinian, N., Tournoud, M.-G., Perrin, J.-L. & Picot, B. (2011) Flow and nutrient transport in intermittent rivers: a modelling case-study on the Vène River using SWAT 2005. Hydrol. Sci. J. 56(2), 268–287.     

长周期潮汐与全球地震能量释放

采用1850-2012年期间USGS全球M≥5.0地震目录资料,构成全球地震能量-时间序列,进行小波变换和准周期分析. 结果表明,全球地震能量释放的时间序列存在9年、19年和45年的3个准周期,其中,45年准周期最为突出. 结合起潮力周期的物理背景,对长周期潮汐起潮力与地震能量释放准周期的关系进行了探讨,没有发现全球地震活动的能量释放与潮汐短周期相关的准周期.