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701.
702.
关于南国冰臼群成因的商榷之二 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
南国冰臼群分布区大量冰川堆积、冰川条痕石及变形砾石的发现,再次有力地证明是“冰臼”不是“壶穴”的正确结论,由冰川漂砾经融冻作用形成的“石海”,与化学风化作用产生的花岗岩“石蛋”地貌特征,有天渊之别,不应混为一谈;边滩是由河流冲积物组成,不能与基岩冰床相提并论;圆滚水钻与急流旋涡及风蚀作用,形成的动力学性质、方向和方式完全不同,不该阴错阳差;节理、构造只影响冰臼的形态和发育程度,不是控制形成的动力学性质、方向和方式完全不同,不该阴错阳差;节理、构造只影响冰臼的形态和发育程度,不是控制冰臼的发育部位,不致于是非不辨,南国地区古冰川遗迹的大量发现,证明距今约二三百万年的第四纪早期确实曾发生过大规模的古冰川运动,为争论了半个多世纪的中国东部中低山区有无第四纪冰川问题,从此画上一个圆满的句号。 相似文献
703.
This paper examines the experimental study on influence of material component to nonlinear relation between sediment yield and drainage network development completed in the Lab. The area of flume drainage system is 81.2 m2, the longitudinal gradient and cross section slope are from 0.0348 to 0.0775 and from 0.0115 to 0.038, respectively. Different model materials with a medium diameter of 0.021 mm, 0.076 mm and 0.066 mm cover three experiments each. An artificial rainfall equipment is a sprinkler-system composed of 7 downward nozzles, distributed by hexagon type and a given rainfall intensity is 35.56 mm/hr.cm2. Three experiments are designed by process-response principle at the beginning the Ψ shaped small network is dug in the flume. Running time spans are 720 m, 1440 minutes and 540 minutes for Runs I, IV and VI, respectively. Three experiments show that the sediment yield processes are characterized by delaying with a vibration. During network development the energy of a drainage system is dissipated by two ways, of which one is increasing the number of channels (rill and gully), and the other one is enlarging the channel length. The fractal dimension of a drainage network is exactly an index of energy dissipation of a drainage morphological system. Change of this index with time is an unsymmetrical concave curve. Comparison of three experiments explains that the vibration and the delaying ratio of sediment yield processes increase with material coarsening, while the number of channel decreases. The length of channel enlarges with material fining. There exists non-linear relationship between fractal dimension and sediment yield with an unsymmetrical hyperbolic curve. The absolute value of delaying ratio of the curve 相似文献
704.
断层旋性与地震危险性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文中以“平行同旋走滑断层减震”的观点论证了兰州、北京、昆明这些位于强震活动区的大城市今后百年内不会发生 6 .5级以上地震。以“平行异旋走滑断层加震”的观点解释了西南棱形块体北边界和南边界在发生大震方面相互促进的现象。对于由构造分段求震级来说 ,在遇到不同的横交断层作为分段点时 ,还需考虑将来发震时始破裂点的位置以及发震断层的旋性 ,不然就会造成对震级估计不足 ,继而成为抗震建设的潜在不安全因素。在主震后为了预报余震的强度 ,可应用物理学中的科里奥利力理论 ,应用时必须知道断层类型和旋性。对于走滑断层来说 ,左旋余震弱 ,右旋余震强。例如 1997年藏北玛尼 7.5级地震 ,余震仅为 5 .3级 ,震级偏小 ,因主震为左旋的缘故 ;1976年唐山 7.8级地震 ,余震可达 7.1级 ,因主震是右旋。对于逆断层来说 ,上盘错动方向在当地子午面左侧者余震强度大 ,在右侧者余震强度弱。据此讨论了 1999年台湾南投 7.6级大震余震强度达 7.1级是因为主震为逆断层 ,上盘向西错动。 相似文献
705.
利用Farrell模式,结合烟台海洋洁潮汐,估算了海潮对烟台地倾斜、伸缩仪观测影响的量值。有了这一数据,就可以根据烟台的海潮观测资料对地倾斜、伸缩仪观测资料进行海潮影响的改正。 相似文献
706.
PGE geochemistry of Jiding ophiolite in Tibet and its constraint on mantle processes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
XIA Bin CHEN Genwen MEI Houjun GUO Lingzhi XIAO Xuchang YU Hengxiang QI Liang WANG Guoqiang Zhong Zhihong 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2001,44(11):1019-1028
The total PGE amount (σPGE) of mantle peridotite in the Jiding ophiolite is slightly higher than that of the primitive mantle,
but the PGE contents of basalt are higher than those of the mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), with obviously lower Pd/Ir ratios.
The accumulates, dyke swarm and basalts show remarkable negative Pt and positive Rh anomalies, resulting in the special N-type
PGE patterns. Mantle peridotite and crustal rocks have similar distribution patterns. It is proposed that the PGE distribution
patterns in the Jiding ophiolite are closely related with a higher degree of partial melting of the mantle in this region.
Magmatic crystallization-differentiation led to PGE fractionation, thus making the contents of PGE in the accumulates decrease
in the ascending direction. The higher content of Au in the Jiding ophiolite is the result of metasomatic alteration at later
stages. Pt-Pd fractionation indicates that both the PGEs are controlled by their alloy and sulfide phases. Positive Rh anomalies
seem to be related with higher oxygen fugacity in the melts. 相似文献
707.
Tectonics of Precambrian basement of the Tarim craton 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The Altyn Tagh Mountain is the main area where the Precambrian basements of Tarim craton are exposed. There are two ophiolitic
belts in Altyn Tagh: one belt is exposed in the northern margin of Altyn Tagh whose formation age is about (829±60) Ma, the
other is situated along the southern margin of Altyn Tagh and has a formation age of about (1449±270) Ma. This paper proposes
a simple tectonic model for the Precambrian basement of Tarim craton established from ophiolites in Altyn Tagh area. The south
Tarim block had amalgamated with Qaidam block during about 1400-1500 Ma along the present Altyn fault, while the south Tarim-Qaidam
united block was still separated from the north Tarim block by an ocean. The united block of south Tarim and Qaidam collided
with north Tarim block along the zone of high positive anomaly of central Tarim, Hongliugou and Lapeiquan in about 800 Ma.
So since the Sinian (beginning at 800 Ma) there has been an integrated basement for Tarim craton. 相似文献
708.
709.
Quantitative measurements on the paleo-weathering intensity of the loess-soil sequences and implication on paleomonsoon 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The loess-soil sequences in northern China provide a near continuous record of Quaternary paleoclimate. The pedogenetic intensity
of the sequences is closely linked with the variations of the East Asian summer monsoon. In this study, 2181 samples from
the Changwu and Xifeng loess sections are analyzed and two high-resolution paleo-weathering timeseries of the last 1.2 Ma
are generated, using the ratio of CBD extractable free Fe2O3 (FeD) versus the total iron (FeT). This new index is compared with micromorphological features, low-frequency magnetic susceptibility,
frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility, and the Rb/Sr ratio[5,6]. The results suggest that the FeD/FeT ratio is able to better reflect the degree of soil development. Since the chemical
weathering of loess in the Loess Plateau region mainly depends upon the summer precipitation and temperature under modern
climate condition, which are closely associated with strength of summer monsoon, and the chemical weathering intensity of
loess primarily reflects the variations of the summer monsoon circulation. 相似文献
710.
文章报道了八卦庙特大型金矿床中伴生的铂族金属矿化的地质特征,岩石矿物学特征和新发现矿物--自然(钨)钌矿的基本矿物学特征,铂族金属矿化与金矿化围岩蚀变的关系研究表明,八卦庙金矿中伴生的铂族金属富集于后期岩浆热液改造期,成矿物质主要来源于后期改造的热液,铂族金属的富集与金的富集呈明显的正消长关系,成矿的温度为140-500度,矿化深度>3.7km,成矿流体是以中酸性岩浆热液为主的多成因热国水,矿物组成以复杂的高温硫化物,合金类为主要特征;化学成分也比较复杂,以Au,Cu,As,Ag,Ni,Co,Sb,S和铂族金属Ru,Ir,Os异常等为特点,这类伴生铂族金属的金矿床将为秦岭成矿带寻找铂族金属提供了典型实例。 相似文献