直记式强震加速度仪的动态特性与高频误差分析

本文在时域、频域范围内，对直记式ＱＺＹ型（中国）、ＳＭＡ—１型（美国）、ＳＭＡＣ—Ｂ２型（日本）强震加速度仪的动态特性进行了分析，给出了评价系统跟踪和复现地震加速度信号的快速性、平稳性和准确性的动态性能指标．在此基础上，分析和讨论了直记式加速度仪的高频误差，给出了系统幅频，相频相对畸变误差公式和系统参数设置的误差估计方法，计算了加速度仪系统的高频误差分布．最后，讨论了高频误差的校正方法．     

1966年云南东川6.5级地震的热异常时空结构分析

本文分析了１９６６年云南东川６．５级地震前后浅层地温异常的时空结构及降水异常的水平结构。分析表明，震前数月浅层地温稳定维持正异常，发震前一个月激剧增温，发震当月达最大，震后降低；震前震中区为负地温距平区，随发震时刻临近，负距平区迅速演变为正距平区，而且强度和面积都不断增大，至发震时达最大，震后不断减小；热异常是从深层传向地表的；震中区震前为旱区，震后为涝区。本文还讨论了震源处热信息传到地表的条件和可能机制，认为在水热活动异常的断裂带上，至少对于浅源地震，对流传热是一种较为可能的传热机制。     

Origin and diagenesis of Quaternary travertine shrub fabrics, Rapolano Terme, central Italy

Millimetre to centimetre sized arborescent shrub-like calcite precipitates are common constituents of hot water travertine shallow pool deposits of Quaternary age at Rapolano Terme, Tuscany, Italy. In the presently forming travertines, the shrubs consist of apparently random associations of (i) micrite aggregates and (ii) subhedral to euhedral rhombic spar crystal aggregates. In thin section, the micrite aggregates appear dark and the spar-rhomb aggregates light, giving the shrubs a mottled appearance. Travertines are basically produced by CaCO₃ precipitation due to degassing and evaporation of the spring waters, although biological influence may also stimulate precipitation. The formation of masses of erect shrubs, rather than dense crystal crusts that form on slopes, is probably due to limited water flow in the pool environments. Microbes, including bacteria and diatoms, are important influences on shrub microfabric and external shape. The micrite aggregates are associated with bacteriform bodies, seen as tiny rods and spheres. The micrite precipitates around these bodies and in adjacent biofilm. Spar-rhomb precipitation appears to be external to the biofilm, and may be related to the presence of diatoms which are locally closely associated with the spar-rhombs, although an essentially inorganic origin, particularly for the more euhedral rhombs, cannot be ruled out. In the older Quaternary travertines, the original microfabric of the shrubs has been diagenetically altered. The original mottled appearance of the shrubs has become uniformly dark and micritic, and the evidence for the dual micritic and spar-rhomb origin of the shrubs is obscured or destroyed. Spar-micritization of the shrubs is probably due to abiotic, and locally biotic, dissolution. Previous studies did not recognize the diagenetic micritization and attributed shrub formation entirely to bacterial activity.     

西藏“一江两河”中部流域地区土地沙漠化防治目标,对策与治沙工程布局

西藏“一江两河”中部流域地区是我国沙漠化强烈发展的地区之一。根据“一江两河”综合开发部署和沙漠化的实际状况，制定了本区沙漠化防治的目标、对策和治沙工程布局。“八·五”、“九·五”期间治理沙漠化土地８．４６万ｈａ。治沙工程实施后，综合效益指数将比１９９０年提高３３．７％，系统功能状况与效益水平在整体上提高１／３。     

破裂岩石的电子发射与压缩原子模型

本文根据压缩原子模型提出岩石在高压及破裂过程中产生自由电子的一种可能机制。根据这种机制可在半定量水平上较为满意地解释岩石破裂中的电子发射、光辐射和岩石的爆炸式破裂。     

DETECTION OF FOREST FIRE IN DA HINGGAN LING REGION BY METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE

From May 6 to June 2,1987,a huge forest fire broke out and raged for 28 days in Da Hinggan Lingregion in far Northeast China,causing heavy loss of life and property,which claims the biggest forest firedisaster in Chinese history.The fire drew attention of the whole of China and was also concerned by manyother countries.How were the meteorological satellites used in the detection of the forest fire?This paperelaborates the principles and methods of the fire detection using meteorological satellites,so that to sum upthe experience and to increase the ability of forest fire detection.     

中国西部地区门源-平凉-渭南地震测深剖面资料的分析解释

本文所处理的地震测深剖面资料,是一条途经陕、甘、宁、青四省,由7个炮点和12个记录分支组成的、全长约970km的地壳折射资料。 本文通过走时反演、射线追踪和合成地震图等分析解释手段,给出各分支的结构参数和全测线的横向变化。整个地壳大体分四层,其参数为 H₁=3.32±1.01 km,V₁=4.35±0.79 km; H₂=11.79±2.77 km,V₂=6.06±0.24 km; H₃=11.58±4.32 km,V₃=6.35±0.26 km; H₄=17.64±7.25 km,V₄=6.52±0.57 km. 地壳总厚度为45.60±11.01km.莫氏面自西向东逐渐变浅,在西段较为平缓,在中段和东段起伏较大,似乎显示出一个上端略宽、下端略窄的“U”形构造.这种构造有助于说明该区的大地构造特点和地震孕育的深部条件.     

南北地震带北段地温场的初步探讨

本文利用39个地温梯度值及估算的热流值讨论了本区地温场的分布特征。并求取了居里等温面。结果表明:(1)全区平均地温梯度为3.2℃/100m,平均热流值为1.5HFU;(2)居里面的深度为14—34公里,强震主要发生在居里等温线的梯度带上。最后就地温场与地震的关系做了初步分析。     

海面电磁波散射的数值仿真

本文采用数值仿真的方法,在双尺度海浪模型下,在计算机上进行了电磁波与海浪相互作用过程的数值实验。计算了VV和HH极化波散射系数与入射角度、风速、风向等海况参数间的关系,并将计算结果与美国海军研究实验室（NRL）的四频率雷达测试数据做了比较,我们的结果比N.W.Guinard and J.C.Daley计算结果有明显改进。     

论太行山构造岩浆带的岩浆来源及其成因

本文以太行山构造岩浆带及其东西两侧断陷盆地的地质特征及深部探测资料为依据，探讨远离俯冲板内构造岩浆带中岩浆的成因、来源及侵位机制。提出了韧性流变－岩浆隆起模式。认为在区域构造应力场和地幔位势差、密度差的控制下?隆升的造山带剥蚀物向两侧断陷盆地搬运，而中下地壳则沿深部向山根缓倾的韧性拆离带迁移到造山带的深部，并在拆离剪切作用及流体的参与下形成深熔岩浆，这种深熔岩浆，在沿陡倾剪切带上侵过程中，不断与中