煤田火区特征的土地覆盖分类方法 ——以乌达煤田火区为例

土地覆盖变化是土地分析与评价和生态环境变化预测的重要科学基础, 通过精确的土地覆盖分类方法 获取高精度的土地覆盖图是研究煤田火区生态环境变化的必要手段。本文以最大似然法、光谱角度法、面向对象 分类法和基于复合分区的分层分类法进行乌达煤田火区土地覆盖分类的方法研究。研究结果表明, 基于复合分区的 分层分类方法分类精度较高, 总体分类精度为92.97%, kappa 系数为0.9155。该方法通过基于地表热辐射特征、热 异常状况、地貌类型, 以及对生态系统扰动状况等的划分, 减少了地物信息的混淆度, 即通过提     

浅水多波束系统SONIC 2024在码头测深中的应用

文中介绍浅水多波束系统SONIC 2024的技术优点,从姿态参数校正、潮汐改正、声速改正、测线滤波及曲面滤波等方面探讨多波束数据处理的关键技术。以码头实测数据验证该系统在水深测量应用中的便捷性和可靠性。     

美洲黑石斑精子超低温保存研究

作者采用2 mL 的冷存管和程序降温仪高效超低温保存美洲黑石斑(Centropristis striata L.)精子.分析比较了4种不同浓度抗冻剂15%DMSO(二甲基亚砜)、15%EG(乙二醇)、15%PG(丙二醇)和10%Meth(甲醇),5种降温速率(10,15,20,25,30℃/min)和5种解冻温度(30,35,40,45,50℃)对美洲黑石斑精子超低温保存效果的影响.实验结果表明,采用 Hanks’作为稀释液,15% DMSO、15% EG、15% PG 作为抗冻剂,30℃/min 的降温速率对精液进行超低温保存35℃水浴解冻,冻精激活后获得理想的运动率(>60%).通过对抗冻剂、降温速率、解冻温度的筛选,作者建立了美洲黑石斑精液高效超低温保存的方法,并对冻精进行长期保存.美洲黑石斑精子超低温保存方法的建立对于海水鱼类精子库的建立以及种质资源的保存和生物多样性的保护具有重要意义.     

废黄河口海岸近期侵蚀特征与机理

苏北废黄河三角洲经历了150多a的侵蚀演变过程,目前仍处在侵蚀演变中.据2007-08和2008-07废黄河口附近断面调查结果显示,沉积类型出现粗化趋势,10 m以浅的浅水区,砂粒含量达60%以上,平均粒径达0.06 mm,物质粗化显著,岸滩呈现了强烈的波蚀作用;10 m以深至15 m的深水区,泥粒含量增多,平均粒径为...     

CHARACTERISTICS OF CONVECTIVE ACTIVITIES OVER ASIAN-AUSTRALIAN “LAND BRIDGE” REAS AND ITS POSSIBLE FACTORS*

Based on TBB data from GMS of Japan,NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and precipitation data from CMAP(CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation),an investigation is carried out of seasonal changes of precipitation and convection over Asian-Australian "land bridge" areas and its possible factors.The results show that the precipitation and convection over Sumatra take on clearly seasonal changes with abundant (less) rainfall in winter (summer).The convection over Sumatra moves northwestward rapidly along "land bridge" in the late-April and the early-May (the 25th pentad) and the rainfall shows similar variations.It is the accelerating of the convection moving that affects directly the subsequent enhancement of the convection over Indo-China Peninsula (ICP) area followed by the rupture of the subtropical high (SH) bands in this region leading to South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon establishment.The zonal wind at lower troposphere in the equatorial Indian Ocean and the cross-equatorial flow in 105°E are the main factors associated with the accelerating of the convection moving northwestward along "land bridge".The further study suggests that the intensity of Sumatra convection has a close relation to the SST:when the central-east equatorial Pacific SST is warmer (colder),i.e.E1 Nino (La Nina) events,the SST in West Pacific warm pool is colder (warmer),Sumatra convection is weaker (stronger).     

青藏块体东北缘地壳水平应变场数值模拟研究

基于青藏块体东北缘1999～2001年GPS结果,分别采用块体整体旋转与线性应变模型和弹性力学有限元法这两类地壳形变数值模拟方法,分析了该区地壳水平应变场特征.结果表明:(1)两类方法在研究地壳形变时各具一定的优势,前者对块体整体运动变形及块体与块体之间的相关性研究具有一定的优势,而后者则较强体现出了应变高值区与深大断层在空间分布的紧密结合性;(2)两类方法所获得的应变高值区具有良好的空间分布一致性,主要集中在阿尔金断裂、祁连山断裂中东段、东昆仑断裂和海原断裂这些深大断裂处及其附近,面压缩值达到了-3×10-8以上,最大剪应变值达到了10×10-8以上;(3)应变高值区的空间分布与中强地震的发生具有一定的对应关系.     

Origin of a metamorphosed lithic clast in CM chondrite Grove Mountains 021536

Abstract– A metamorphosed lithic clast was discovered in the CM chondrite Grove Mountains 021536, which was collected in the Antarctica by the Chinese Antarctic Research Exploration team. The lithic clast is composed mainly of Fe‐rich olivine (Fo₆₂) with minor diopside (Fs_9.7–11.1Wo_48.3–51.6), plagioclase (An_43–46.5), nepheline, merrillite, Al‐rich chromite (21.8 wt% Al₂O₃; 4.43 wt% TiO₂), and pentlandite. Δ¹⁷O values of olivine in the lithic clast vary from ?3.9‰ to ?0.8‰. Mineral compositions and oxygen isotopic compositions of olivine suggest that the lithic clast has an exotic source different from the CM chondrite parent body. The clast could be derived from strong thermal metamorphism of pre‐existing chondrule that has experienced low‐temperature anhydrous alteration. The lithic clast is similar in mineral assemblage and chemistry to a few clasts observed in oxidized CV3 chondrites (Mokoia and Yamato‐86009) and might have been derived from the interior of the primitive CV asteroid. The apparent lack of hydration in the lithic clast indicates that the clast accreted into the CM chondrite after hydration of the CM components.     

基于GML的空间数据拓扑表达

拓扑关系是GIS中重要的基础理论问题之一,GML为空间数据拓扑表达提供了一种全新的手段。介绍GML及GML3.X中定义的拓扑模型,并以点线面等的表达为例阐述基于GML的空间数据拓扑表达。     

峨眉山玄武岩浆喷发对贵州西部区域成矿贡献研究

早、晚二叠世之间大规模峨眉山玄武岩喷发是峨眉地幔热柱基性岩浆活动的高峰期.峨眉山玄武岩在贵州西部地区广泛分布,它不仅以矿源层形式参与钼、铜、铅、锌、金、锑、汞、铊等以地下水热液成矿作用为主的层控矿床的形成,而且它自身形成火山气液型矿床--玄武岩铜矿及伴生热液型铂、钯等矿化点;再者它是外生矿床--高砷煤、高氟煤、高硫煤、高汞煤形成的主要原因.     

大柴旦盐湖卤水的现场扩大蒸发试验初探

为了研究硫酸铁亚型卤水在自然蒸发时的相化学,确定钾盐、硼酸、镁盐的结晶特性,把小型自然蒸发试验与现场扩大试验数据进行了比较。